scholarly journals Phytochemical and Biological Screening of Leaf, Bark and Fruit Extracts from Ilex dipyrena Wall.

Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 837
Author(s):  
Amjad Ali ◽  
Atif Ali Khan Khalil ◽  
Fazli Khuda ◽  
Nausheen Nazir ◽  
Riaz Ullah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Mice Model ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Biological Screening ◽  
Fruit Extracts ◽  
Ms Analysis ◽  
Phytochemical Profile ◽  
Different Parts

The Aquifoliaceae is an important family and has been used traditionally for some time. One of the members of this family is the Ilex dipyrena wall, which itself possesses a potential medicinal importance. This plant is traditionally used for the treatment of various ailments including pain, swelling, burns, and fever. The current study was designed to screen out the antioxidant and analgesic potential of this plant and to verify its traditional uses, along with its phytochemical profile. Extracts were subjected to antioxidant, analgesic, and phytochemical analysis using DPPH, chemical-induced (acetic acid and formalin) nociception models and GC-MS analysis, respectively. The leaf, bark, and fruit extracts showed significant antioxidant activity compared to that of standard. Likewise, all the extracts demonstrated significant (p < 0.01) analgesic activity in a mice model. In acetic acid induced analgesia, the leaf, bark, and fruit extracts caused 51.64, 56.13 and 59.52% inhibition, respectively at a dose of 100 mg/kg while at 200 mg/kg it showed 83.01, 71.69 and 75.47% inhibition, respectively. In Formalin-induced paw-licking assay, fruit extract showed 59.42 and 64.19% inhibition at 200 mg/kg dose in the first and second phase, respectively. The GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of cathinone, phenylpropanolamine, dl-phenylephrine, amphetamine, myristic acid, and palmitic acid. Results of the study suggest that crude extracts from different parts of this plant may be a useful source for the development of novel analgesics. However, further investigation in terms of isolation of bioactive compounds and their toxicological evaluations are needed to validate the observed results.

Preliminary phytochemical analysis and evaluation of antioxidant, cytotoxic and inhibition of lipopolysaccaride - induced NOS (iNOS) expression in BALB/c mice liver by Ziziphus oenoplia Mill. fruit

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramaraj Thirugnanasampandan ◽  
Gunasekar Ramya ◽  
Gunasekaran Bhuvaneswari ◽  
Srinivasan Aravindh ◽  
Suresh Vaishnavi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Ms Analysis ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Mice Liver

AbstractBackground:Mill. is an ethnomedicinal plant and its fruit has been traditionally used by Puliar tribes of Anamalai Hills, Tamil Nadu, India to treat various ailments. Phytochemical analysis, antioxidant, cytotoxic and inducible nitric oxide synthase (Methods:To explore bioactive compounds present in the ripened fruits, high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis were done. Free radical scavenging, hepatoprotective, inhibition ofResults:Total flavonoid content of ZOFwas estimated as 69 µg/mg catechin equivalent. HPTLC densitogram confirmed the presence of quercetin and GC–MS analysis showed a total of 16 compounds of 87.66 % with quinic acid as a major compound which accounted for 22.29 %. Free radical-scavenging activity of ethanolic fruit extract was ranged from 160.12 to 650.23 µg/mL. An amount of 1.5 µg lipopolysaccharide (LPS)- induced severe inflammation in BALB/c mice liver, followed by treatment with ethanolic fruit extract of 100 µg concentration, exhibited significant hepatoprotection and reverse transcriptase polymerase (RT-PCR) analysis showed downregulation ofConclusions:Findings of the present study prove that ZOF is a rich source of bioactive compounds with a wide range of pharmacological activities. Hence, consumption of this wild edible fruit will be a cost-effective and easily available natural nutritional source for health protection.

scholarly journals Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitory Activity, Chemical Composition, Antioxidant Properties and GC-MS Analysis of Keladi Candik (Alocasia longiloba Miq)

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (11) ◽  
pp. 2658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ferid Abdulhafiz ◽  
Arifullah Mohammed ◽  
Fatimah Kayat ◽  
Matcha Bhaskar ◽  
Zulhazman Hamzah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Herbal Medicine ◽  
Xanthine Oxidase ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Fruit Extracts ◽  
Ms Analysis ◽  
Ic50 Value

Alocasia longiloba, locally known as ‘Keladi Candik’, has been used traditionally to treat wounds, furuncle and joint inflammations. A. longiloba can be a new source of herbal medicine against hyperuricemia by inhibiting the activity of xanthine oxidase enzyme, the enzyme which is responsible for the development of hyperuricemia in human. Existing xanthine oxidase inhibitors (XOI drugs) show several side effects on gout patients. Therefore, an alternative herbal medicine from plants, with high therapeutic property and free of side effects, are greatly needed. This study was conducted to evaluate XO inhibitory activity, chemical composition, antioxidant activity and GC-MS profile of A. longiloba. Our results showed that ethanolic petiole extract exhibited the highest XO inhibitory activity (70.40 ± 0.05%) with IC50 value of 42.71 μg/mL, followed by ethanolic fruit extracts (61.44 ± 1.24%) with the IC50 value of 51.32 μg/mL. In a parallel study, the phytochemical analysis showed the presence of alkaloid, flavonoid, terpenoids, glycoside and saponin in petiole and fruit extracts, as well as higher total phenolic and flavonoid contents and strong scavenging activity on DPPH and ABTS antioxidant assay. The GC-MS analysis of fruit and petiole extracts revealed the presence of various compounds belonging to different chemical nature, among them are limonen-6-ol, α-DGlucopyranoside, paromomycin, aziridine, phenol, Heptatriacotanol, Phen-1,2,3-dimethyl and Betulin found in ethanolic fruit extract, and Phen-1,4-diol,2,3-dimethyl-, 1-Ethynyl-3,trans(1,1-dimethylethyl), Phenol,2,6-dimethoxy-4-(2-propenyl)- and 7-Methyl-Z-tetradecen-1-olacetate found in ethanolic petiole extract. Some compounds were documented as potent anti-inflammatory and arthritis related diseases by other researchers. In this study, the efficiency of solvents to extract bioactives was found to be ethanol > water, methanol > hexane > chloroform. Together, our results suggest the prospective utilization of fruit and petiole of A. longiloba to inhibit the activity of XO enzyme.

scholarly journals Antioxident activities and Phytochemical Screening of Martynia Annua Fruit Extract

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 1363-1369
Author(s):  
Zarina Arshad ◽  
Sumayya Saied ◽  
Khalid M.Khan ◽  
Shaista Naz
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Skin Infections ◽  
Inhibition Assay ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Fruit Extracts ◽  
Reducing Power Assay ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation Inhibition

ABSTRACT: Martynia annua (cat’s claw, bichu) is part of Martyniaceae family. For centuries, extracts of leaves, roots, stems, fruits and seeds of M. annua have been used to cure eplilepsy, inflammation, tuberculosis, skin infections etc. Present investigations revealed qualitative phytochemical screening and bioactivites of fruit extracts of M.annua in solvents of different polarties. The qualitative phytochemical analysis exhibited the presence of alkaoids, flavonoids, glycosides, saponins, tannis, anthocyanins, steroids, amino acids and phenols. DPPH (1.1-diphenyl-2-dipicryl hydrzal free radical scanvenging, reducing power assay and lipid peroxidation inhibition assay likability in different solvents were explored which revealed that with increase in concentration of extracts resulted increase in degree of reduction. The outcome of the present studies revealed that the fruit extracts of M. annua have eminent antioxidant activity

scholarly journals Effects of date fruit (Phoenix dactylifera) on sperm cell morphology and reproductive hormonal profiles in cypermethrin-induced male infertility

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ubah Simon Azubuike ◽  
Agbonu Oluwa Adikpe ◽  
Columbus Philemon Kwinjoh ◽  
Abah Kenneth Owoicho ◽  
Chibuogwu Ijeoma Chika ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Male Infertility ◽  
Phoenix Dactylifera ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Fruit Extracts ◽  
Date Fruit ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Mass Activity ◽  
Date Fruits

AbstractDate fruits are endowed with medicinal values, including boosting the male fertility status, but with meagre empirical evidence. Thus, the current study was designed to assess the ameliorative and potential adverse effects of date fruit extracts (Phoenix dactylifera) on cypermethrin-induced male infertility. The study was conducted in two phases using adult male Wistar rats (n = 42, 180 – 220 g and aged 14 - 16 weeks). The first phase was a single oral dose toxicity study to ascertain the suitability of date fruit extract and cypermethrin administered at 250 mg/kg and 60 mg/kg, respectively. The second phase, which included four treatment groups of six animals per group, assessed the effects of date fruits on cypermethrin-induced infertility. At the termination of the experiment, semen was collected by epididymal extraction for the assessment of sperm abnormalities, motility, mass activity, semen pH, and percentage live. Serum samples were also collected for testosterone and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) profiling, and the collected data was subjected to statistical analysis. The group administered only cypermethrin showed a decrease in percentage motility, live, mass activity and an increase in total abnormalities over the control group while the group exposed to only date fruits extracts showed increased percentage motility, live, mass activity and a decrease in total abnormalities over the control. The results of a combined administration of date fruit extracts and cypermethrin on a separate group showed a consistently reduced percentage of anatomically abnormal sperm cells and a general improvement of sperm motility and mass activity. There was no significant difference in the weight of the Wister rats in all the groups (p > 0.05). However, testosterone and FSH levels were significantly reduced (p < 0.05) by date fruit extract treatment. The current report provides evidence of the potential ameliorative effects of date fruit extracts in cypermethrin-induced male infertility and cautions excessive use or abuse since some adverse effects were observed.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Anti-inflammatory, Analgesic and Antipyretic Potential of the Stem Barks Aqueous Extract of Albizia ferruginea (Guill. & Perr.) Benth. (Mimosaceae) in Rats and Mice

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
M. G. Minoué Kuum ◽  
A. Fotio Lambou ◽  
G. Atsang A. Kiki ◽  
M. T. Bella Ndzana ◽  
B. A. Keugni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Plant Extract ◽  
Total Phenol Content ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Brewer’S Yeast ◽  
Brewer's Yeast ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Dried Extract

Aims: The present research was carried out to investigate the anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic potential of aqueous extract of Albizia ferruginea stem bark. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Animal Biology and Physiology (Animal Physiology Laboratory), Faculty of Sciences, University of Yaoundé I. between March 2012 and June 2016. Methods: Qualitative and quantitative phytochemical analyzes were done.The anti-inflammatory effect of the plant extract (100 and 200 mg/kg) was investigated on carrageenan, histamine, serotonin or dextran-induced paw oedema. The analgesic activity was evaluated on acetic acid-induced writhing, formalin-induced nociception, hot plate and tail immersion tests in Swiss albino mice. The antipyretic activity of A. ferruginea extract was assessed on brewer’s yeast induced pyrexia. Results: Qualitative phytochemical analysis of the AEAF revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoïds, phenols, saponins, tannins, glycosides, tannins and steroids. For quantitative phytochemical analysis, total flavonols represent 0.12±0.04 mg EQT/g dried extract and the total phenol content was 58.69±0.65 mg ECA/g dried extract. The total flavonoids content was 0.18±0.01mg EQT/g dried extract).The total alkaloids presented a grade of 27.45±0.14 mg EBER/g dried extract. Carrageenan, dextran, histamine and serotonin-induced inflammation were significantly inhibited by A. ferruginea’s extract (200 mg/kg), exhibiting 55.47%, 50.26%, 62.88% and 42.59% inhibition, respectively. Acetic acid-induced writhing was significantly reduced by the plant extract. The extract of Albizia ferruginea (200 mg/kg) significantly reduced the second phase of formalin test. The analgesic tests revealed that A. ferruginea had only peripheral analgesic effect. Additionally, the plant’s extract prevented brewer’s yeast-induced pyrexia in rats. Conclusion: Taken together, these results suggest that A. ferruginea’s aqueous extract has anti-inflammatory, anti-nociceptive and antipyretic properties and this strongly supports the ethnopharmacological uses.

FTIR, GC-MS and HPLC analysis of Baliospermum montanum (Willd.) Muell. Arg.

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 5059-5066
Author(s):  
Sushma B K ◽  
Raveesha H R
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Quantitative Estimation ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Standard Procedure ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Pentanoic Acid ◽  
Trimethylsilyl Ester ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Ms Analysis

The present work is aimed to determine the chemical constituents in Baliospermum montanum methanolic extracts. An in vitro regenerated procedure was developed for the induction of callus from stem explant cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium fortified with various concentration and permutations of 2, 4-dichloro phenoxy acetic acid, 1-naphthalene acetic acid, 6-benzyl amino purine and gibberellic acid. FTIR &amp; GC-MS analysis was done according to standard procedure. The quantitative estimation of β-sitosterol was done by HPLC method. Maximum fresh and dry weight of callus was estimated in the combination of GA3 (0.5 mg/L) + NAA (2 mg/L) compared to other concentration. The FTIR analysis showed various functional compounds with different characteristic peak values in the extracts. Major bioactive constituents were recognized in the GC-MS analysis. Root extract revealed the existence of 1-hexadecanol, pentanoic acid, 2-(aminooxy)- and 1-hexacosanol. Leaf extract showed the presence of propanoic acid, 2-oxo-, trimethylsilyl ester, 9,12-octadecadienoic acid (z,z)-, trimethylsilyl ester, docosane, 1,22-dibromo- and pentatriacontane. Stem and stem derived callus exhibit the presence of 1,6,3,4-dihydro-2-deoxy-beta-d-lyxo-hexopyranose, n-hexadecanoic acid and pentanoic acid, 2-(aminooxy). The methanolic extract of leaf exhibited 0.2149 % of β-sitosterol content. There were no peaks observed in the root, stem and stem derived callus. Further studies are necessary for the isolation and characterization of bioactive compounds from B. montanum.

Novel Compound from Flowers of Moringa oleifera Active Against Multi- Drug Resistant Gram-negative Bacilli

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-75
Author(s):  
Santi M. Mandal ◽  
Subhanil Chakraborty ◽  
Santanu Sahoo ◽  
Smritikona Pyne ◽  
Samaresh Ghosh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Aqueous Acetic Acid ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Isolated Compound ◽  
Conventional Antibiotics

Background: The need for suitable antibacterial agents effective against Multi-drug resistant Gram-negative bacteria is acknowledged globally. The present study was designed to evaluate the possible antibacterial potential of an extracted compound from edible flowers of Moringa oleifera. Methods: Five different solvents were used for preparing dried flower extracts. The most effective extract was subjected to fractionation and further isolation of the active compound with the highest antibacterial effect was obtained using TLC, Column Chromatography and reverse phase- HPLC. Approaches were made for characterization of the isolated compound using FTIR, NMR and Mass spectrometry. Antibacterial activity was evaluated according to the CLSI guidelines. Results: One fraction of aqueous acetic acid extract of M. oleifera flower was found highly effective and more potent than conventional antibiotics of different classes against Multi-drug resistant Gram-negative bacilli (MDR-GNB) when compared. The phytochemical analysis of the isolated compound revealed the presence of hydrogen-bonded amine and hydroxyl groups attributable to unsaturated amides. Conclusion: The present study provided data indicating a potential for use of the flowers extract of M. oleifera in the fight against infections caused by lethal MDR-GNB. Recommendations: Aqueous acetic acid flower extract of M. oleifera is effective, in-vitro, against Gram-negative bacilli. This finding may open a scope in pharmaceutics for the development of new classes of antibiotics.

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