scholarly journals Performance and Durability of Porous Asphalt Mixtures Manufactured Exclusively with Electric Steel Slags

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (20) ◽  
pp. 3306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Skaf ◽  
Emiliano Pasquini ◽  
Víctor Revilla-Cuesta ◽  
Vanesa Ortega-López
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Electric Steelmaking ◽  
Porous Asphalt ◽  
Bituminous Mixtures ◽  
Abrasion Loss ◽  
Water Sensitivity ◽  
Electric Arc Furnace Slag ◽  
Furnace Slag

Electric arc furnace slag (EAFS) and ladle furnace slag (LFS) are by-products of the electric steelmaking sector with suitable properties for use in bituminous mixtures as both coarse and fine aggregates, respectively. In this research, the production of a porous asphalt mixture with an aggregate skeleton consisting exclusively of electric steelmaking slags (using neither natural aggregates nor fillers) is explored. The test program examines the asphalt mixtures in terms of their mechanical performance (abrasion loss and indirect tensile strength), durability (cold abrasion loss, aging, and long-term behavior), water sensitivity, skid and rutting resistance, and permeability. The results of the slag-mixes are compared with a standard mix, manufactured with siliceous aggregates and cement as filler. The porous mixes manufactured with the slags provided similar results to the conventional standard mixtures. Some issues were noted in relation to compaction difficulties and the higher void contents of the slag mixtures, which reduced their resistance to raveling. Other features linked to permeability and skid resistance were largely improved, suggesting that these mixtures are especially suitable for permeable pavements in rainy regions. In conclusion, a porous asphalt mixture was produced with 100% slag aggregates that met current standards for long-lasting and environmentally friendly mixtures.

scholarly journals Recyclability Potential of Induction-Healable Porous Asphalt Mixtures

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (23) ◽  
pp. 9962
Author(s):  
Pedro Lastra-González ◽  
Irune Indacoechea-Vega ◽  
Miguel A. Calzada-Pérez ◽  
Daniel Castro-Fresno
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Resistance ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Resistance Test ◽  
Reclaimed Asphalt ◽  
Porous Asphalt ◽  
Bituminous Mixtures ◽  
Water Sensitivity ◽  
Wool Fibers

The potential recyclability of healable asphalt mixtures has been analyzed in this paper. A healable porous asphalt mixture with steel wool fibers was artificially aged in order to assess its recyclability. This mixture was used as reclaimed asphalt in a new porous asphalt mixture, whose mechanical and healing capacities were studied and compared with the behavior of the original porous asphalt mixture. The quantity of reclaimed asphalt mixture added was 40%; besides, in order to recover the properties of the aged binder, and incorporate the last advances in the recyclability of bituminous mixtures, a rejuvenator was also added (SYLVAROAD™ RP1000). The voids test, Cantabro particle loss test, water sensitivity test, stiffness test, and fatigue resistance test were performed to mechanically study the experimental mixture, while the last one (fatigue resistance test) was also used to assess its healing capacity. The results have shown that the healing capacity of the original healable porous asphalt mixture is maintained with similar mechanical performance.

scholarly journals Use of polymer modified binders as rejuvenators in recycled asphalt mixtures

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 654-664
Author(s):  
Hélder P. Torres ◽  
Sara R. M. Fernandes ◽  
Carlos D. A. Loureiro ◽  
Caroline F. N. Moura ◽  
Hugo M. R. D. Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Permanent Deformation ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Recycled Asphalt ◽  
Water Sensitivity ◽  
Modified Binders ◽  
Road Paving

AbstractRoad paving recycling has been acquiring more relevance in society, especially within the paradigm of a circular economy. The addition of waste materials in asphalt mixtures is an excellent solution to face the gradual emergence of a great diversity of waste materials and reduce the production costs. This study aims to evaluate the addition of commercial and laboratory-produced polymer modified binders as rejuvenators in recycled asphalt mixtures with high contents of reclaimed asphalt pavement material (RAP). A commercial polymer modified binder (PMB) and a conventional bitumen modified with 5% of styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) or 4% of Regefalt were added to RAP aged bitumen and compared with a rejuvenated binder. Fatigue, permanent deformation and water sensitivity tests carried out on recycled mixtures produced with those binders showed that polymer modified binders could be used as rejuvenators to improve their performance significantly. The recycled asphalt mixture produced with the commercial PMB presented the best mechanical performance. The polymer-modified binders revealed an ageing resistance equivalent to that of the control rejuvenated binder, or slightly better in the case of the final binder with SBS polymer.

scholarly journals Effects of Crumb Rubber Size and Concentration on Performance of Porous Asphalt Mixtures

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Altan Cetin
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Resilient Modulus ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Performance Characteristics ◽  
Moisture Susceptibility ◽  
Porous Asphalt ◽  
Dry Process ◽  
Abrasion Loss

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of size distribution and concentration of crumb rubber on the performance characteristics of porous asphalt mixture. The recycling of scrap tires in asphalt pavements appears as an important alternative providing a large-scale market. The characteristics of bitumen are very important with regard to service life of porous asphalt pavement. The experimental study consists of two main steps. Firstly, the mixture design was performed to determine the optimum bitumen content. In the latter step, the mixtures were modified by dry process using crumb rubber in three different grain size distributions of #4~#20, #20~#200, and #4~#200 and rubber content of 10%, 15%, and 20% as weight of optimum bitumen. The permeability, Cantabro abrasion loss, indirect tensile strength, moisture susceptibility, and resilient modulus tests were carried out on the specimens. Test results show that #20~#200 sized rubber particles reduced air voids and coefficient of permeability, while they increased the Cantabro abrasion loss. In general, increasing the crumb rubber size and content decreased the performance characteristics of the porous asphalt mixtures.

scholarly journals Mechanical Characteristics of Graphene Nanoplatelets-Modified Asphalt Mixes: A Comparison with Polymer- and Not-Modified Asphalt Mixes

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 2434
Author(s):  
Laura Moretti ◽  
Nico Fabrizi ◽  
Nicola Fiore ◽  
Antonio D’Andrea
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Resistance ◽  
Graphene Nanoplatelets ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Asphalt Binders ◽  
Asphalt Mixes ◽  
Modified Asphalt ◽  
Bituminous Mixtures ◽  
Water Sensitivity ◽  
Polymer Modified Asphalt ◽  
Mechanical Performances

In recent years, nanotechnology has sparked an interest in nanomodification of bituminous materials to increase the viscosity of asphalt binders and improves the rutting and fatigue resistance of asphalt mixtures. This paper presents the experimental results of laboratory tests on bituminous mixtures laid on a 1052 m-long test section built in Rome, Italy. Four asphalt mixtures for wearing and binder layer were considered: two polymer modified asphalt concretes (the former modified with the additive Superplast and the latter modified with styrene–butadiene–styrene), a “hard” graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) modified asphalt concrete and a not-modified mixture. The indirect tensile strength, water sensitivity, stiffness modulus, and fatigue resistance of the mixtures were tested and compared. A statistical analysis based on the results has shown that the mixtures with GNPs have higher mechanical performances than the others: GNP could significantly improve the tested mechanical performances; further studies will be carried out to investigate its effect on rutting and skid resistance.

scholarly journals Assessments on the Performance of Asphalt Mixtures Prepared with Adhesion Promoters

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3S3) ◽  
pp. 332-339
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Water Immersion ◽  
Asphalt Binder ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Adhesion Promoters ◽  
Modified Asphalt ◽  
Service Characteristics ◽  
Bonding Properties ◽  
Mechanical Performances

Asphalt pavement is typically susceptible to moisture damage. However, it could be improved with the incorporation of additives or modifiers through binder modifications. The objective of the study is to assess the effect of adhesion promoters, namely PBL and M5000, onto the Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA). The performance of asphalt mixture has been assessed in terms of the service characteristics, the bonding properties, and mechanical performances. The service characteristics were assessed through the Workability Index (WI) and Compaction Energy Index (CEI) to evaluate the ease of asphalt mixture during the mixing and compaction stage. The bonding properties of the modified asphalt mixtures were determined using the boiling water test and static water immersion test to signify the degree of coating after undergoing specific conditioning period and temperature. The mechanical performances of the modified asphalt mixture were evaluated via Marshall stability, semi-circular bending, and modified Lottman tests. All specimens were prepared by incorporating adhesion promoters at the dosage rates of 0.5% and 1.0% by weight of asphalt binder. From the investigation, the bonding properties significantly improved for the modified asphalt mixture compared to the control mixture. The WI of the modified asphalt mixture increased while the CEI decreased in comparison to the control specimen. This implies the workability of modified asphalt mixture is better and requires less energy to be compacted. Modified asphalt mixture generally had better mechanical performance. Therefore, it can be deduced that the asphalt mixture with adhesion promoters have better overall performance than the control mixture.

scholarly journals The Influence of Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement on the Mechanical Performance of Bituminous Mixtures. An Analysis at the Mortar Scale

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (20) ◽  
pp. 8343
Author(s):  
Ana E. Hidalgo ◽  
Fernando Moreno-Navarro ◽  
Raúl Tauste ◽  
M. Carmen Rubio-Gámez
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Elastic Response ◽  
Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Reclaimed Asphalt ◽  
Bituminous Mixtures ◽  
Water Sensitivity ◽  
Term Performance

The main characteristics of bituminous mixtures manufactured with a considerable amount of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP), compared to conventional mixtures, are a reduction in workability, an increase in stiffness, and a loss of ductility, due to the presence of the aged bitumen contained in the RAP particles. To minimize these impacts, softer binders or rejuvenators are commonly used in the design of these mixtures in order to restore part of the ductility lost and to reduce the stiffness. In spite of previous investigations demonstrating that the mortar plays an essential role in the workability, long-term performance, and durability of bituminous mixtures (where cracking, cohesion, and adhesion problems all start at this scale), not many studies have assessed the impacts caused by the presence of RAP. In response to this, the present paper analyzes the workability, fatigue performance, and water sensitivity of bituminous mortars containing different amounts of RAP (from 0% to 100%) and rejuvenators. Mortar specimens were compacted using a gyratory compactor and studied via dynamic mechanical analysis under three point bending configuration. The results demonstrated that the presence of RAP reduces the workability and ductility of asphalt mortars. However, it also causes an increase in their stiffness, which induces a more elastic response and causes an increase in their resistance to fatigue, which could compensate for the loss of ductility. This aspect, together with the low water sensitivity shown, when using Portland cement as an active filler, would make it possible to produce asphalt materials with high RAP contents with a similar long-term mechanical performance as traditional ones. In addition, the use of rejuvenators was demonstrated to effectively correct the negative workability and ductility impacts caused by using RAP, without affecting the fatigue resistance and material adhesion/cohesion.

LABORATORY EVALUATION ON THE EFFECT OF CLOGGING ON PERMEABILITY OF POROUS ASPHALT MIXTURES

2015 ◽  
Vol 76 (14) ◽  
Author(s):  
Norhidayah Abdul Hassan ◽  
Nor Asniza Mohamed Abdullah ◽  
Nurul Athma Mohd Shukry ◽  
Mohd Zul Hanif Mahmud ◽  
Nur Zurairahetty Mohd Yunus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Residential Area ◽  
Liquid Limit ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Public Works ◽  
Storm Water ◽  
Laboratory Evaluation ◽  
Aggregate Gradation ◽  
Porous Asphalt ◽  
The One

Porous asphalt mixture is one of the alternative solutions to increase pervious surface area due to urbanization. The uniqueness of porous asphalt surface textures and internal structures allows the mixture to become a temporary storm-water retention and capable to channel excessive storm water. However, one of the major problems that affect the performance of porous asphalt mixtures is the clogging. Therefore, this study aims to determine the effect of clogging towards the permeability of porous asphalt. A total of 30 gyratory compacted samples were fabricated according to aggregate gradation recommended by Malaysia Public Works Department. The clogging materials were collected from two different location, residential area and major highway. The composition and characteristics of the clogging materials were investigated using Plastic Limit, Liquid Limit and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The permeability test was conducted to investigate the permeability rate of the compacted samples based on different clogging material types, clogging concentrations and clogging cycles. In addition, the compacted samples were scanned using X-ray Computed Tomography to obtain the air voids distribution throughout the samples for comparison. It was found that higher concentration of clogging materials and clogging cycles reduced the rate of permeability. Clogging material collected from residential area has higher tendency to clog the void spaces compared to the one obtained from highway.

Expansion Level of Steel Slag Aggregate Effects on Both Material Properties and Asphalt Mixture Performance

2019 ◽  
Vol 2673 (3) ◽  
pp. 506-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamilla Emi Sudo Lutif Teixeira ◽  
Aecio Guilherme Schumacher ◽  
Patrício Moreira Pires ◽  
Verônica Teixeira Franco Castelo Branco ◽  
Henrique Barbosa Martins
Keyword(s):  
Material Properties ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Asphalt Binder ◽  
Steel Slag ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Mix Design ◽  
Expansion Level ◽  
Different Levels

The influence of steel slag expansion level on the early stage performance of hot mix asphalt (HMA) is evaluated. Initially, samples of Linz-Donawitz type steel slag with different levels of expansion (6.71%, 3.16%, 1.33%) were submitted to physical, mechanical, and morphological characterization to assess the effects of expansion on individual material properties. Steel slag was then used as aggregate in HMA to verify the effects of its expansion characteristics on the volumetric and mechanical performance of the asphalt mixture. Four different asphalt mixtures were designed based on Marshall mix design, using asphalt cement (pen. grade 50/70), natural aggregate (granite), and steel slag (in three different levels of expansion). The mechanical characteristics of the asphalt mixture were evaluated based on results from Marshall stability, indirect tensile strength, and resilient modulus testing. A modified Pennsylvania testing method (PTM) was also performed on the studied asphalt mixtures to verify the potential of asphalt binder film to minimize the expansive reactions of steel slag. It was observed that the level of steel slag expansion changes some of the material’s individual properties, which can affect the volumetric parameters of the mix design. The use of steel slag as aggregate in HMA also improves the mechanical properties of non-aged asphalt mixtures. Moreover, the expansive characteristics of this material could be minimized when combined with other asphalt mixture components.

scholarly journals Using the Industrial Wastes in the Base Layer of Pavement

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Lixandru Cătălina Georgiana ◽  
Dicu Mihai ◽  
Andrei Bogdan
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Base Layer ◽  
Dynamic Tests ◽  
Static And Dynamic Tests ◽  
Natural Aggregates ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Furnace Slag

Abstract This paper evaluates the possibility of using artificial aggregates from blast furnace slag, considered industrial waste, which can replace, in a certain dosage, the natural aggregates in the composition of an AB 22,4 asphalt mixture. Furthermore, it is presented the possibility to replace the usual filler with powders from industrial wastes such as the desulphurization waste, generated by the combustion of the energetic coal. Laboratory studies and researches are carried out according to prescribed techniques. For this purpose, for the evaluation of the performance of the asphalt mixture recipes will be evaluated by static and dynamic tests as described in AND 605: 2016. The results of this study show the possibility of using asphalt mixtures with different dosages of industrial wastes in composition. The results obtained from the laboratory tests have shown that materials from industrial waste can be used in the design of asphalt mixtures with the purpose of replacing natural materials, used in certain dosages, which demonstrates good behavior in interaction with the usual bituminous binder.

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