scholarly journals Evaluation of Stone Mastic Asphalt Containing Ceramic Waste Aggregate for Cooling Asphalt Pavement

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 2964 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qibo Huang ◽  
Zhendong Qian ◽  
Jing Hu ◽  
Dong Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Construction And Demolition Waste ◽  
Beam Test ◽  
Demolition Waste ◽  
Moisture Susceptibility ◽  
Ceramic Waste ◽  
Mastic Asphalt ◽  
Technical Requirements ◽  
Stone Mastic Asphalt

Construction and demolition waste material is of great potential for use in pavement engineering. This paper aims to investigate the feasibility of ceramic waste aggregate (CA) used in cooling asphalt pavement through a series of test methods and simulation techniques. Stone mastic asphalt (SMA) containing 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50% coarse ceramic waste aggregate (CASMAs) was first designed using the Marshall method. Afterward, the road performance and thermal insulation performance of the five different CASMAs were assessed by a comprehensive lab test, including a wheel rutting test, moisture susceptibility test, bending beam test, fatigue beam test, and indoor thermal insulation test. Finally, a 2D finite-element (FE) model was developed to investigate the transient thermal field and rutting deformation response of the cooling asphalt pavement with CASMAs. Results show that CASMAs experienced degradation of rutting resistance, moisture susceptibility, and anti-cracking performance while still meeting technical requirements with CA content of up to 40%. On the other hand, CASMAs can cool the pavement’s temperature by 11.5 °C at the bottom of asphalt layers. The permanent rutting deformation of cooling asphalt pavement was 45.36% smaller than that of conventional asphalt pavement without CASMAs. Based on the test results and numerical simulation results, the optimum content of ceramic waste aggregate in stone mastic asphalt was recommended as 40%.

scholarly journals Energy Performance Assessment of Innovative Building Solutions Coming from Construction and Demolition Waste Materials

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1226
Author(s):  
Beatriz Fraga-De Cal ◽  
Antonio Garrido-Marijuan ◽  
Olaia Eguiarte ◽  
Beñat Arregi ◽  
Ander Romero-Amorrortu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Flow Analysis ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Construction And Demolition Waste ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Demolition Waste ◽  
The Impact

Prefabricated solutions incorporating thermal insulation are increasingly adopted as an energy conservation measure for building renovation. The InnoWEE European project developed three technologies from Construction and Demolition Waste (CDW) materials through a manufacturing process that supports the circular economy strategy of the European Union. Two of them consisted of geopolymer panels incorporated into an External Thermal Insulation Composite System (ETICS) and a ventilated façade. This study evaluates their thermal performance by means of monitoring data from three pilot case studies in Greece, Italy, and Romania, and calibrated building simulation models enabling the reliable prediction of energy savings in different climates and use scenarios. Results showed a reduction in energy demand for all demo buildings, with annual energy savings up to 25% after placing the novel insulation solutions. However, savings are highly dependent on weather conditions since the panels affect cooling and heating loads differently. Finally, a parametric assessment is performed to assess the impact of insulation thickness through an energy performance prediction and a cash flow analysis.

Performance Characterization of Stone Mastic Asphalt using Steel Fiber

2021 ◽  
Vol 02 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekarizan Shaffie ◽  
◽  
H.A. Rashid ◽  
Fiona Shiong ◽  
Ahmad Kamil Arshad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Steel Fiber ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Permanent Deformation ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Moisture Susceptibility ◽  
Mastic Asphalt ◽  
Bitumen Content ◽  
Stone Mastic Asphalt ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Marshall Stability

Stone Mastic Asphalt (SMA) is a gap-graded hot mixture designed to provide higher resistance towards permanent deformation and rutting potential by 30% to 40% more than dense-graded asphalt, due to its stable aggregate skeleton structure. However, compared to other types of hot mix asphalt, SMA unfortunately has some shortcomings in term of its susceptibility towards moisture-induced damage due to its structure and excessive bitumen content in the composition. This research aims to assess the performance of a SMA mixture with steel fiber by enhancing overall stability, abrasion resistance, and, most importantly, moisture susceptibility. This study involved the incorporation of various steel fiber proportions of 0%, 0.3%, 0.5% and 0.7% by the total weight of mixture. The steel fiber modified SMA was made up of 6.0% PEN 60/70 bitumen content. The performance of SMA were evaluated through Marshall stability and flow test, Cantabro loss test and indirect tensile strength test. The results obtained from the testing showed that the incorporation of steel fiber is significantly effective to enhance the resistance towards moisture damage, while increasing the stability and reducing the abrasion loss of SMA mixture, compared to conventional mixture. Overall, it can be concluded that the addition of steel fiber in asphalt mixture specifically SMA, has improved the mechanical performance in the application of asphalt pavement with the optimum steel fiber proportion of 0.3% by the weight of mixture. The developed models between the independent variables and responses demonstrated high levels of correlation. The study found that Response Surface Methodology (RSM) is an effective statistical method for providing an appropriate empirical model for relating parameters and predicting the optimum performance of an asphaltic mixture to reduce flexible pavement failure.

The Operational and Environmental Consequences of the Polystyrene Insulation Disposal

2016 ◽  
Vol 824 ◽  
pp. 180-187
Author(s):  
Jan Pasek ◽  
Martin Casensky ◽  
Jakub Stransky
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Construction And Demolition Waste ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Demolition Waste ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Future Production

In connection with the significant volume of polystyrene embedded in buildings as thermal insulation, in the next few years it will be needed to solve the matter of its disposal after the end of its life cycle. Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCDD) has been used as a flame retardant in polystyrene thermal insulation (EPS and XPS) for the last 50 years. The internationally recognized Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants prohibits future production, use and recycling of materials that contain HBCDD. It also, to a large extent, limits the options of waste management of such materials. European legislation, in particular Regulation (EC) No 850/2004 and the so called REACH Directive, established a binding legal framework for EU Member States which reduces waste management options of material containing HCDBB practically only to incineration. In the coming years, this fact requests fundamental changes in disposal of construction and demolition waste containing the polystyrene insulation and related processes on construction sites in the Czech Republic. The research is based on the analysis of the international and the Czech legislation related to this issue, and the analysis of material and technological context. The paper focuses on possible operational, economic, energy and environmental impact on the construction industry and environment, and compares the current situation in the Czech Republic with other European countries, and assesses the readiness of the Czech Republic to deal with the upcoming legislation changes.

scholarly journals Differences in the Ageing Behavior of Asphalt Pavements with Porous and Stone Mastic Asphalt Mixtures

2021 ◽  
pp. 036119812110322
Author(s):  
Ruxin Jing ◽  
Aikaterini Varveri ◽  
Xueyan Liu ◽  
Athanasios Scarpas ◽  
Sandra Erkens
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Asphalt Pavements ◽  
Porous Asphalt ◽  
Mastic Asphalt ◽  
Stone Mastic Asphalt ◽  
Aggregate Packing ◽  
Indirect Tensile ◽  
The Fourier Transform ◽  
Air Void

The degradation of bituminous materials as a result of ageing has a significant effect on asphalt pavement performance. In this study, one porous asphalt (PA) section and one stone mastic asphalt (SMA) asphalt pavement section were designed and constructed in 2014 and exposed to the actual environmental condition. To study the change in the pavement’s mechanical properties, asphalt cores were collected from both test sections annually. The change in stiffness modulus was determined via cyclic indirect tensile tests. To investigate the ageing behavior across the pavement depth, the bitumen was extracted and recovered from 13 mm slices along the depths of the cores. The chemical composition and rheological properties of the field-recovered bitumen, and that of original bitumen aged in standard short- and long-term ageing protocols, were investigated by means of the Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectrometer and Dynamic Shear Rheometer. The results show that the effect of mineral aggregate packing, and therefore of air-void distribution and connectivity, on the ageing sensitivity of the pavements with time was significant, as the changes in the stiffness of the PA mixture were greater than that of SMA mixture. In addition, the results of field-recovered bitumen show that there is an ageing gradient inside the porous asphalt layer, however, the ageing of SMA mainly happens on the surface of the layer. Finally, the field-recovered and laboratory-aged bitumen results demonstrate a weak relation between field and standard laboratory ageing protocols.

scholarly journals Performance Studies on Stone Mastic Asphalt Mixes with Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 129-138
Author(s):  
Anusha T M ◽  
◽  
Akhilesh B R ◽  
Dr H S Jagadeesh ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Test ◽  
High Resistance ◽  
Tensile Strain ◽  
Heavy Traffic ◽  
Traffic Load ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Moisture Susceptibility ◽  
Mastic Asphalt ◽  
Stone Mastic Asphalt ◽  
Repeated Load

Stone mastic asphalt (SMA) is a gap graded mix which is categorised by more quantity of coarse aggregate, high asphalt content and fibre. Due to stone on stone contact and presences of high filler content, it acts as a stiff matrix and reduces the rutting due to heavy traffic load. This research presents a study on fatigue performance RAP replaced SMA mixes using VG 30 as binder along with elastomer as a modifier and results were compared with conventional SMA mix. The specimens prepared were tested using several laboratory test procedures: Marshall mix design, indirect tensile strength, moisture susceptibility, drain down test and Repeated load fatigue test. Test results showed Marshall Properties of the RAP mix improved up to a RAP content of 30% without elastomer modifier and RAP content up to 60% with elastomeric modifier. From the moisture susceptibility test results, the elastomeric modified SMA mix showed high resistance to moisture damage when compared to conventional mix and 30% RAP replacement mix. Repeated load fatigue test was conducted for different stress load and temperature and results showed elastomeric modified SMA mix offered high resistance to deformation across all stress level and temperature when compared to conventional and optimum RAP mix. As a fatigue loading increased resulted in decrease of number of fatigue cycles and increased in the initial tensile strain of the mix. As the percentage of RAP addition increased the initial tensile strain decreased.

scholarly journals Complete Real-Scale Application of Recycled Aggregates in a Port Loading Platform in Huelva, Spain

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 2651
Author(s):  
Francisco Agrela ◽  
Francisco González-Gallardo ◽  
Julia Rosales ◽  
Javier Tavira ◽  
Jesús Ayuso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Civil Engineering ◽  
Recycled Concrete ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Construction And Demolition Waste ◽  
Recycled Aggregates ◽  
Base Layer ◽  
Recycling Rate ◽  
Demolition Waste ◽  
Technical Requirements ◽  
Real Scale

The application of recycled aggregates (RA) from construction and demolition waste and crushed concrete blocks is a very important challenge for the coming years from the environmental point of view, in order to reduce the exploitation of natural resources. In Spain, the use of these recycled materials in the construction of road bases and sub-bases is growing significantly. However, presently, there are few studies focused on the properties and behavior of RA in civil works such as road sections or seaport platforms. In this work, two types of RA were studied and used in a complete real-scale application. Firstly, recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) were applied in the granular base layer under bituminous superficial layers, and secondly mixed recycled aggregates (MRA) which contain a mix of ceramic, asphalt, and concrete particles were applied in the granular subbase layer, under the base layer made with RCA. Both RA were applied in a port loading platform in Huelva, applying a 100% recycling rate. This civil engineering work complied with the technical requirements of the current Spanish legislation required for the use of conventional aggregates. The environmental benefits of this work have been very relevant, and it should encourage the application of MRA and RCA in civil engineering works such as port platforms in a much more extended way. This is the first and documented real-scale application of RA to completely build the base and sub-base of a platform in the Huelva Port, Spain, replacing 100% of natural aggregates with recycled ones.

Performance evaluation of crumb rubber and paraffin modified stone mastic asphalt

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 402-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baha Vural Kök ◽  
Mehmet Yilmaz ◽  
Mustafa Akpolat
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Resistance ◽  
Permanent Deformation ◽  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
Moisture Susceptibility ◽  
Bituminous Mixtures ◽  
Mastic Asphalt ◽  
Stone Mastic Asphalt ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Different Characteristics

Recently, crumb rubber (CR) obtained from waste tires and Fischer–Tropsch paraffin are mostly used in bitumen modification to improve the performance of bituminous mixtures. Each of these additives affects the different properties of mixtures. There are limited studies in the literature about the combined usage of additive in the same mixture to utilize the different characteristics. In this study, the stability, stiffness, fatigue resistance, permanent deformation resistance, and moisture susceptibility characteristics of the stone mastic asphalt prepared with the bitumen modified with CR and paraffin were examined and compared with the control mixture. It was determined that CR-modified mixtures showed significantly more elastic characteristics. The mixture in which the 10% CR and 3% paraffin were used together gave better results in terms of moisture susceptibility and fatigue resistance when compared with the control mixture. It was determined that the use of paraffin together with CR contributed to the improved performance, and was in accordance with the CR in terms of mechanical characteristics of stone mastic asphalt.

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