scholarly journals Physical Properties of Mineral Fibers Depending on the Mineralogical Composition

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (20) ◽  
pp. 6108
Author(s):  
David Bombac ◽  
Martin Lamut ◽  
Primož Mrvar ◽  
Brane Širok ◽  
Benjamin Bizjan
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Simultaneous Thermal Analysis ◽  
Mineralogical Composition ◽  
Experimental Methodology ◽  
Mineral Fibers ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Reliable Performance ◽  
Melting And Crystallization Temperatures ◽  
Melting And Crystallization

A developed methodology for determining the physical properties of mineral fibers prepared from different input mixtures under the same spinning wheel conditions is described and discussed. Energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy was combined with simultaneous thermal analysis and thermogravimetry to study the mineralogical composition and typical melting and crystallization temperatures. The mechanical properties measured with nanoindentation were related to the mineralogical properties and the results obtained are in agreement with the literature. The developed methodology shows reliable performance and demonstrates the ability to study the mechanical properties of mineral fibers, their mineralogical composition, and thermal properties. The presented experimental methodology opens up the possibility of researching the mechanical properties of mineral fibers for the purpose of defining production recipes in the field of mineral thermal insulation materials.

Papers as Functional Green Materials

2013 ◽  
Vol 747 ◽  
pp. 715-718 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Francis Bloch ◽  
Imtiaz Ali ◽  
Raphael Passas ◽  
Sabine Rolland du Roscoat
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Fluid Transport ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Mechanical Resistance ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Fibrous Network ◽  
Green Materials ◽  
Micro Tomography ◽  
Recycled Fibers

Paper is constituted of natural fibers and represents a perfect example of structural multifunctional materials. Indeed, its fibrous structure is engineered to fit the different end use properties: both optical and mechanical properties are usually required. These requirements may lead to contradictory needs in terms of structure. The influence of the structure on the physical properties is classically tackled based on standard methods such as the estimation of the porosity. However, this macroscopic property is not sufficient in terms of optimization of the fibrous network. For example, fluid transport has to be controlled either in the bulk of the material or only at its surface in the case of health or printing applications. Consequently, the characterization at the macro-level of the structure has to be complemented with an experimental measurement at the fiber level. The X-ray synchrotron micro-tomography, an imaging technique, is based on X-ray transmission. It allows the structure to be analyzed in 3D. It was carried in a large instrument (ESRF, France). The characterization of samples containing different recycled fibers was carried out. In particular, the influence of the number of cycles of drying-pulping is studied. Both qualitative and quantitative characterizations are obtained. The use of recycled fibers may also be included in the elaboration of materials, taking into account the modification of the fibers in terms of morphology and mechanical properties, essentially flexibility. Mechanical properties (tensile and deformation) constitute the main examples of the analysis showing the effect of the recycling of natural fibers: the decrease in mechanical resistance of the fibrous network is explained in terms of the increase of the global porosity, essentially in the bulk of the materials. The profile of porosity in the thickness direction is found to be essential to understand the evolution of physical properties.

X-ray diffraction studies of rapid cooled Al-V and Al-Fe-V alloys

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (96 extended issue) ◽  
pp. 5-11
Author(s):  
O. Shved ◽  
S. Mudry ◽  
V. Girzhon ◽  
O. Smolyakov
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Amorphous Matrix ◽  
Diffraction Method ◽  
Ternary Alloys ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Rapid Cooling ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Cell Parameters ◽  
Nonequilibrium Conditions

Purpose: of this paper is to deep and more complete knowledge about the features of phase and structure formation in Al-based alloys with transition metals (TM) Fe and V at rapid cooling from melt. It is known, that nonequilibrium synthesis conditions of such alloys lead to quasicrystalline, amorphous or metastable phases formation, which can significantly improve the physical-chemical properties and first of all the mechanical ones. But understanding of compositional dependences of structure features at formation under nonequilibrium conditions and the correlation of these dependences with physical properties of alloys is far to be clear. Design/methodology/approach: Structure of Al-enriched Al-V, Al-V-Fe rapid cooled alloys was studied by X-ray diffraction method. In order to estimate the influence of structural state of alloy on the mechanical properties the integral microhardness was studied by Vickers method. Findings: Two quasicrystalline icosaedral phases with different cell parameters are revealed in ternary alloys Al100-3xV2xFex (x=2-4). Increasing of transition metal content promotes the formation of phase with higher quasicell parameter embedded in amorphous matrix. With increasing of the transition elements total content from 6 up to 12 at. % the microhardness of alloys increased gradually from 867 to 3050 MPa. Research limitations/implications: Research of nonequilibrium alloys revealed crystalline structure of Al-V alloys and quasicrystalline embedded in amorphous matrix of Al-Fe-V ternary alloys. Obtained results suppose that further structure and physical properties studies of Al-Fe-V alloys will allows to find the conditions to control the producing of materials with desired properties. Practical implications: Using of rapid cooling method for synthesis of Al-enriched Al-Fe-V alloys give an opportunity to produce alloys with significantly improved mechanical properties. Originality/value: Nonequilibrium conditions of cooling allow significantly changes the structure and properties.

The Influence of Mineralogical Composition Changes of Sandstone Cement on Physical-Mechanical Properties

2014 ◽  
Vol 923 ◽  
pp. 71-74
Author(s):  
Kateřina Kovářová ◽  
Zdenek Pala
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Mineralogical Composition ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Climatic Chamber ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Weathering Processes ◽  
Road Salts ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Composition Changes

The aim of the contribution is to present the results of research focused on cement mineralogical composition changes and their influence on physical-mechanical properties of sandstones. Three types of Czech sandstones were tested during this experiment Hořice, Kocběře and Božanov. The sandstone samples were treated in the climatic chamber in order to simulate weathering processes that are typical for winter period in Prague. The influence of road salts was also taken into consideration. For the purposes of mineralogical changes determination the sandstone cement was separated and subsequently analyzed using X-Ray diffraction a DTA/TG analysis. The physical-mechanical properties such as e.g. uniaxial compressive strength, water absorption and open porosity were determined before and after the climatic treatment to enable evaluation of the influence of weathering processes.

scholarly journals Degradation Analysis on Manufacture of Cement-bonded Particleboard Using Supercritical CO2

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-82
Author(s):  
Rohny Setiawan Maail
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Supercritical Co2 ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Wood Particle ◽  
Mineralogical Composition ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Thermal Gravimetry ◽  
Co2 Treatment ◽  
Scanning Electron

 This study analyzed the degradation process on manufacture of cement-bonded particleboard (CBP) using supercritical CO2. CBP with a target density of 1.2 g/cm3 was manufactured at a cement / wood particle / water weight ratio of 2.5:1.0:1.25. As references, neat cement board (NC) was manufactured at a cement / water weight ratio of 2.5:1.25, and Ca(OH)2 board was manufactured at a Ca(OH)2 / wood particle / water weight ratio of 3.0:1.0:1.5. Hand-formed mat of 230 x 230 mm was cold-pressed to a targeted thickness of 12 mm and kept in an oven set at 60ºC for 24 h. Four specimens of 50 x 210 mm prepared from these boards were then used for curing treatment. The three curing treatments were (1) supercritical CO2 treatments, 10 min to 10 days; (2) conventional curing treatment for 28 days (Conventional); and (3) neither curing nor supercritical CO2 treatment as the control. The chemical changes and the mineralogical composition of the curing and the degradation processes of the CBP were examined using X-ray diffractometry (XRD), thermal gravimetry (TGA-DTG), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observation. Significant correlations were found between the supercritical CO2 treatment and mechanical properties during both the curing and degradation processes. Internal bond (IB) strength, modulus of rupture (MOR), and modulus of elasticity (MOE) values of CBP achieved their maximums by supercritical CO2 treatment in 30 min. These conditions indicated that supercritical CO2 treatment accelerates the curing process rapidly and enhances the mechanical properties of the CBP.  However, these values decreased in the treatments from 60 min to 10 days and had a negative effect on board performance, indicating that supercritical CO2 treatment over a longer time span leads to the degradation of the CBP. Furthermore, X-ray diffractometry (XRD), thermal gravimetry (TG-DTG), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observation clarified that the mechanisms of the degradation are directly affected by the mineralogical composition of the system, in particular by the calcium carbonate content as caused by carbonation.

Effect of a Silane Coupling Agent on Mechanical Properties of Hydroxyapatite/Polycaprolactone Composites

2007 ◽  
Vol 361-363 ◽  
pp. 531-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
X.B. Yang ◽  
X. Lu ◽  
J.J. Ge ◽  
Jie Weng
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Fracture Surface ◽  
Coupling Agent ◽  
Tensile Testing ◽  
Silane Coupling Agent ◽  
Silane Coupling ◽  
Melting And Crystallization Temperatures ◽  
Melting And Crystallization

Silanization of hydroxyapatite was employed to improve the bonding between hydroxyapatite and polycaprolactone. FTIR of HA after silanization showed that new peaks attributed to silane do exist. The increase of melting and crystallization temperatures of silaned composites shown from DSC implied that there exists much stronger bonding between PCL and silaned HA particles. Fracture surface of composites after tensile testing observed by using SEM showed that silaned HA particles dispersed much evenly and coalesced compactly in PCL matrix, suggesting that silaned HA particles had good compatibility with PCL. The tensile strength and modulus increased from 16.81 MPa and 239.21 MPa to 20.49 MPa and 539.57 MPa, respectively.

Synthesis and characterization of novel polyamides based on tridecanedioic acid: Nylons 3 13, 5 13, 6 13, 7 13, 9 13, 10 13, 11 13

e-Polymers ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaowen Cui ◽  
Deyue Yan ◽  
Dan Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Synthesis And Characterization ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Melt Polycondensation ◽  
Step Heating ◽  
Melting And Crystallization Temperatures ◽  
Melting And Crystallization

Abstract Linear polyamides with high aliphatic content were prepared through step-heating melt polycondensation of tridecanedioic acid with various diamines. The synthesized polyamides were characterized comprehensively by means of IR, NMR and Raman spectroscopy. In addition, thermogravimetry, differential scanning calorimetry and dynamic mechanical analysis were used to investigate thermal properties of the obtained polyamides. It was found that melting and crystallization temperatures decrease as the aliphatic content increases. X-ray diffraction was applied to determine the crystal structures of the polyamides.

A Novel Method to Determine The Mechanical Properties of Ultra-Thin Films.

1998 ◽  
Vol 511 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. C. White ◽  
W. L. Wu
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
High Precision ◽  
Quartz Crystal Microbalance ◽  
Polymer Films ◽  
Quartz Crystal ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Established Technique

ABSTRACTRecent experimental results based on x-ray reflectivity[1, 2], and ellipsometry[3] have demonstrated that physical properties of polymer films thinner than one micron may deviate significantly from bulk values[4]. The mechanical properties of the ultra-thin films (sub-micron) are experimentally difficult to determine with precision. The quartz crystal microbalance is an established technique for measuring properties of polymer thin films of a few microns thick. [5–7] Recently this quartz crystal microbalance technique has been modified for measuring the mechanical properties of sub-micron polymer films with high precision. The details and preliminary results from this recently modified quartz crystal microbalance technique will be presented.

Phase Transformations in Ti-7w/oMo-3w/oMe Alloy

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 514-515
Author(s):  
S. Fujishiro
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Mechanical Processing ◽  
Ray Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Water Quench ◽  
Alpha Beta

The mechanical properties of three titanium alloys (Ti-7Mo-3Al, Ti-7Mo- 3Cu and Ti-7Mo-3Ta) were evaluated as function of: 1) Solutionizing in the beta field and aging, 2) Thermal Mechanical Processing in the beta field and aging, 3) Solutionizing in the alpha + beta field and aging. The samples were isothermally aged in the temperature range 300° to 700*C for 4 to 24 hours, followed by a water quench. Transmission electron microscopy and X-ray method were used to identify the phase formed. All three alloys solutionized at 1050°C (beta field) transformed to martensitic alpha (alpha prime) upon being water quenched. Despite this heavily strained alpha prime, which is characterized by microtwins the tensile strength of the as-quenched alloys is relatively low and the elongation is as high as 30%.

Macroprobe Mode for the Study of Segregation in Steels

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 260-261
Author(s):  
Auclair Gilles ◽  
Benoit Danièle
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Sheet Steel ◽  
Acquisition Time ◽  
Chemical Information ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Accurate Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Optical Micrographs

During these last 10 years, high performance correction procedures have been developed for classical EPMA, and it is nowadays possible to obtain accurate quantitative analysis even for soft X-ray radiations. It is also possible to perform EPMA by adapting this accurate quantitative procedures to unusual applications such as the measurement of the segregation on wide areas in as-cast and sheet steel products.The main objection for analysis of segregation in steel by means of a line-scan mode is that it requires a very heavy sampling plan to make sure that the most significant points are analyzed. Moreover only local chemical information is obtained whereas mechanical properties are also dependant on the volume fraction and the spatial distribution of highly segregated zones. For these reasons we have chosen to systematically acquire X-ray calibrated mappings which give pictures similar to optical micrographs. Although mapping requires lengthy acquisition time there is a corresponding increase in the information given by image anlysis.

Mechanical properties of FeAlSi powders prepared by mechanical alloying from different initial feedstock materials

2019 ◽  
Vol 107 (2) ◽  
pp. 207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaroslav Čech ◽  
Petr Haušild ◽  
Miroslav Karlík ◽  
Veronika Kadlecová ◽  
Jiří Čapek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Mechanical Alloying ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Milling Time ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Element Model ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Powder Particles ◽  
Complete Homogenization

FeAl20Si20 (wt.%) powders prepared by mechanical alloying from different initial feedstock materials (Fe, Al, Si, FeAl27) were investigated in this study. Scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and nanoindentation techniques were used to analyze microstructure, phase composition and mechanical properties (hardness and Young’s modulus). Finite element model was developed to account for the decrease in measured values of mechanical properties of powder particles with increasing penetration depth caused by surrounding soft resin used for embedding powder particles. Progressive homogenization of the powders’ microstructure and an increase of hardness and Young’s modulus with milling time were observed and the time for complete homogenization was estimated.

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