scholarly journals Influence of Sandblasting Process on Tribological Properties of Titanium Grade 4 in Artificial Saliva for Dentistry Applications

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (24) ◽  
pp. 7536
Author(s):  
Patrycja Osak ◽  
Joanna Maszybrocka ◽  
Maciej Zubko ◽  
Jan Rak ◽  
Sylwia Bogunia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Dental Implants ◽  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Wear Test ◽  
Polished Surface ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Wear And Friction ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Titanium Grade

Titanium Grade 4 (Ti G4) is widely used in medicine for dental implants. The failure-free life of implants depends on their properties such as resistance to wear and friction processes. This paper presents an analysis of the influence of sandblasting on tribological wear of commercial dental implants made of TiG4 in artificial saliva. Tribological wear measurements were performed in a reciprocating motion in the ball-on-disc system. The scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDS) method was used to characterize the surface of the implants before and after the tribological wear test. The microhardness of Ti G4 was measured before and after sandblasting by the Vickers method. The contact angle was determined by the method of sitting drop in air. The residual stress test using the X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) single-{hkl} sin2ψ method was carried out. The compressive residual stress of 324(7) MPa and surface hardening of Ti G4 was revealed after sandblasting with Al2O3 particles of 53–75 μm in diameter. It was found that sandblasting changes the surface wettability of Ti G4. The intermediate wettability of the mechanically polished surface and the hydrophobicity of the sandblasted surface was revealed. Sandblasting reduces the tribological wear and friction coefficient of Ti G4 surface in saliva. The three-body abrasion wear mechanism was proposed to explain the tribological wear of Ti G4 in saliva.

Study of Microstructure, Texture and Residual Stress in Asymmetrically Rolled Titanium

2014 ◽  
Vol 777 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin Wronski ◽  
Krzysztof Wierzbanowski ◽  
Lucjan Pytlik ◽  
Brigitte Bacroix ◽  
Mirosław Wróbel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Asymmetric Rolling ◽  
Rolling Mills ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Strong Shear ◽  
Angular Velocities ◽  
Ebsd Technique ◽  
Titanium Grade

Asymmetric rolling is a promising forming technique offering numerous possibilities of material properties modification and the improvement of technological process parameters. This geometry of deformation is relatively easy to implement on existing industrial rolling mills. Moreover, it can provide large volume of a material with modified properties. The study of microstructure, crystallographic texture and residual stress in asymmetrically rolled titanium (grade 2) is presented in this work. The above characteristics were examined using EBSD technique and X-ray diffraction. The rolling asymmetry was realized using two identical rolls, driven by independent motors, rotating with different angular velocities ω1 and ω2. This ensured a wide range of rolling asymmetry: A=ω1/ω2. It was found that a strong shear stress induced in the asymmetrically rolled material allowed to obtain a microstructure refinement, texture homogenization and lowering of residual stress.

Design and Application of MMM System for Welding Residual Stress Test

2012 ◽  
Vol 566 ◽  
pp. 534-537
Author(s):  
Hai Yan Xing ◽  
Ping Qin ◽  
Yan Min Lou
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Stress Concentration ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Object Oriented Programming ◽  
Welding Residual Stress ◽  
Testing System ◽  
Magnetic Memory ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Analysis And Evaluation ◽  
Examination Result

In order to apply metal magnetic memory (MMM) technology to welding residual stress testing, the MMM hardware and software system is designed. The software subsystem is based on object-oriented programming and the hardware subsystem is portable. The MMM system can test the welded joint residual stress distribution, residual stress concentration zones and defects at workshop. Moreover, the MMM testing system can output data to a computer not only for automatic evaluation but also for further analysis and evaluation with expert intervention. According to the trend of the MMM characteristic, the welding residual stress concentration and defects can be detected and evaluated. The field X-ray examination result is consistent with the result of the MMM testing system, which has proved the accuracy and engineering practicality of the MMM testing system.

X-Ray Diffraction Study of the Effects of Uniaxial Plastic Deformation on Residual Stress Measurements

1968 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 269-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. L. Esquivel
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Plastic Deformation ◽  
Diffraction Study ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Test Fixture ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Stress Measurements ◽  
Iron Aluminum ◽  
Before And After

AbstractUniaxial Plastic Deformation (UPD) has been known to produce anomalies in residual stress measurements based on x-ray diffraction techniques. This study was undertaken to determine the magnitude of the effects, if any, on residual stress calculations from various materials subjected to UPD. An x-ray diffraction study using the two-exposure method ( ψ = 0° and ψ = U5°) was made on several iron, aluminum, and titanium alloys (AISI 4340, 4330M, 4130; 2024-13, 7075-T611; Ti-6Al-4V) before and after these alloys were deformed plastically by bending on a U-bend test fixture. The x-ray peak shifts, Δ2θ0-ψ, were recorded and the x-ray stress factors, Ki, calculated by three different methods. The results indicate that UPD of the calibration specimens will increase or decrease Ki depending on the alloy. These results are discussed together with observations on the additivity of residual and applied stresses, and the per cent differences in the stress measurements based on stress factors calculated by three different methods.

scholarly journals Decontamination of Ti Oxide Surfaces by Using Ultraviolet Light: Hg-Vapor vs. LED-Based Irradiation

Antibiotics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 724
Author(s):  
Nagore Arroyo-Lamas ◽  
Unai Ugalde ◽  
Iciar Arteagoitia
Keyword(s):  
Dental Implants ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Atomic Concentration ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Titanium Surfaces ◽  
Titanium Dental Implants

C-range Ultraviolet (UVC) mercury (Hg)-vapor lamps have shown the successful decontamination of hydrocarbons and antimicrobial effects from titanium surfaces. This study focused on surface chemistry modifications of titanium dental implants by using two different light sources, Hg-vapor lamps and Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs), so as to compare the effectivity of both photofunctionalization technologies. Two different devices, a small Hg-vapor lamp (λ = 254 nm) and a pair of closely placed LEDs (λ = 278 nm), were used to irradiate the implants for 12 min. X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) was employed to characterize the chemical composition of the surfaces, analysing the samples before and after the lighting treatment, performing a wide and narrow scan around the energy peaks of carbon, oxygen and titanium. XPS analysis showed a reduction in the concentration of surface hydrocarbons in both UVC technologies from around 26 to 23.4 C at.% (carbon atomic concentration). Besides, simultaneously, an increase in concentration of oxygen and titanium was observed. LED-based UVC photofunctionalization has been suggested to be as effective a method as Hg-vapor lamps to remove the hydrocarbons from the surface of titanium dental implants. Therefore, due to the increase in worldwide mercury limitations, LED-based technology could be a good alternative decontamination source.

scholarly journals Characterization of the Microstructure, Local Macro-Texture and Residual Stress Field of Commercially Pure Titanium Grade 2 Prepared by CONFORM ECAP

Metals ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 1000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gergely Németh ◽  
Klaudia Horváth ◽  
Charles Hervoches ◽  
Petr Cejpek ◽  
Jan Palán ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Neutron Diffraction ◽  
Grain Refinement ◽  
Residual Strain ◽  
Pure Titanium ◽  
Asymmetric Distribution ◽  
Commercially Pure Titanium ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Commercially Pure ◽  
Titanium Grade

The paper investigated the residual strain and stress distribution, microstructure, and macro-texture along the transverse direction of commercially pure titanium grade 2 samples prepared by the CONFORM ECAP technique. This method belongs to the severe plastic deformation methods; hence, it could be assumed that residual stress fields would be present in the work-pieces. Residual stresses cannot be directly measured; thus, neutron diffraction measurements, Electron back-scatter diffraction (EBSD) investigations, and local X-ray macro-texture measurements were performed in different regions of the sample to determine the data for the residual stress calculation. The calculation was based on the modified Kröner model. Neutron diffraction strain scans and residual stress calculations revealed that symmetrical residual strain and stress gradients with compression character were present in the axial and hoop direction after one and two passes. Asymmetric distribution of the residual strains and stresses remained after the third pass of the CONFORM ECAP. EBSD investigations showed that after the first pass, significant grain refinement occurred; however, further passes did not cause any dramatic grain refinement. X-ray texture measurements revealed that local macro-texture was dependent on the number of passes of the CONFORM ECAP and on the investigated area in the samples.

Internal stress in titanium G4 before and after metal forming in increased temperature and shot-peening determinated by sin2ψ method

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 31-37
Author(s):  
Jerzy Jeleńkowski ◽  
Joanna Zdunek ◽  
Piotr Nawrocki ◽  
Grzegorz Mońka
Keyword(s):  
Shot Peening ◽  
Metal Forming ◽  
Source Material ◽  
Internal Stresses ◽  
Ray Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Plastic Processing ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Titanium Grade ◽  
Structure Diversity

The article presents the assessment of the macroscopic residual stresses in titanium, grade G4, determined by the sin2ψ X-ray method. The values of stresses measured in the source material and in samples of sub/microstructure obtained after plastic processing in the Gleeble plastometer at the temperature 875 K, optimized strain ε and strain velocity έ were compared. After shot peening, regardless of the structure diversity, the roughness of the polished surfaces of the samples sometimes increased even about 10 times. Small differences occurred in hardness, higher in the more plastic sub/microstructure, which was also reflected in the magnitude of internal stresses.

scholarly journals X-Ray Diffraction Residual Stress Measurements for Assessment of Rolling Contact Fatigue Behaviour of Railway Steels

2014 ◽  
Vol 996 ◽  
pp. 782-787 ◽  
Author(s):  
António Castanhola Batista ◽  
Joao P. Nobre ◽  
Daniel F.C. Peixoto ◽  
Luis A.A. Ferreira ◽  
Paulo M.S.T. de Castro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Cyclic Loading ◽  
Rolling Contact Fatigue ◽  
Contact Fatigue ◽  
Fatigue Behaviour ◽  
Rolling Contact ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Stress Profiles

Rolling contact fatigue twin-disc tests were performed on rail/wheel steels from Spanish high velocity trains (AVE). Residual stress profiles were determined using X-ray diffraction before and after cyclic loading. The evolution of residual stress profiles, due to cyclic loading, was analysed in order to study how they affect the rolling contact fatigue behaviour of these materials. This study is included in a major project where other related phenomena and materials’ properties have been studied.

Anti-Wear and Friction-Reducing Behavior of Nano-ZrO2 Additive

2009 ◽  
Vol 79-82 ◽  
pp. 605-608 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Fei Zhang ◽  
Shao Hua Zheng ◽  
Yan Sheng Yin ◽  
Bin Liu
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Protective Layer ◽  
Wear Test ◽  
Friction Reduction ◽  
Ring Test ◽  
Test Machine ◽  
Base Oil ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Wear And Friction ◽  
Before And After

Nano-ZrO2 particles were modified by KH-570 (γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane). The nano-ZrO2 before and after modified were characterized by UV-VIS spectrophotometer and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The anti-wear and friction reduction properties of nano-ZrO2 used as additive in lubrication were analyzed by friction and wear test machine of MMU-10G. The results show that the polarity of nano-ZrO2 after modified is changed, the surface free energy is reduced, and both the dispersity and stability of the modified nano-ZrO2 in organic media are improved. The modified nano-ZrO2 can increase the anti-wear and friction reduction properties of the base oil. Lubrications containing 0.10wt% and 0.05wt% nano-ZrO2 have the best tribological properties in the four-ball test and the thrust-ring test, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) was used to analyze the protective layer formed on the rubbed surface, and Zr elements were found on the rubbed surface.

scholarly journals Study of Hard Disk and Slider Surfaces Using X-Ray Photoemission Electron Microscopy and Near Edge X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure Spectroscopy

1998 ◽  
Vol 517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Anders ◽  
Thomas Stammler ◽  
C. Singh Bhatia ◽  
Joachim Stöhr ◽  
Walton Fong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Fine Structure ◽  
Thermal Desorption ◽  
Wear Test ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Absorption Fine ◽  
Nexafs Spectroscopy ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Carbon Overcoats ◽  
X Ray Absorption

AbstractX-ray Photo Emission Electron Microscopy (X-PEEM) and Near Edge X-ray Absorption Fine Structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy were applied to study the properties of amorphous hard carbon overcoats on disks and sliders, and the properties of the lubricant. The modification of lubricants after performing thermal desorption studies was measured by NEXAFS, and the results are compared to thermal desorption data. The study of lubricant degradation in wear tracks is described. Sliders were investigated before and after wear test, and the modification of the slider coating as well as the transfer of lubricant to the slider was studied. The studies show that the lubricant is altered chemically during the wear. Fluorine is removed and carboxyl groups are formed.

scholarly journals Electrochemical Deposition of Hydroxyapatite Co-Substituted By Sr/Mg Coating on Ti-6Al-4V ELI Dental Alloy Post-MAO as Anti-Corrosion

2020 ◽  
pp. 2751-2761
Author(s):  
Haider Abdulkareem AlMashhadani ◽  
Khulood Abed Saleh
Keyword(s):  
Adhesion Strength ◽  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Electrochemical Techniques ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Dental Alloy ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Electrochemically Deposited ◽  
Coated Alloy ◽  
Micro Arc Oxidation

This work involved the co-substitution of the two bioactive ions of strontium and magnesium into the hydroxyapatite (HA) coating which was then electrochemically deposited on Ti-6Al-4V ELI dental alloy (Gr.23) before and after treatment by Micro Arc Oxidation (MAO). The deposited layers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The adhesion strength of the coating layer was estimated by using pull-off adhesion test. The adhesion strength of Sr/Mg-HA on the Ti-6Al-4V ELI dental alloy after MAO treatment was 1.79 MPa, which was higher than that before MAO treatment (1.62 MPa). The corrosion behavior of the alloy in artificial saliva environment at temperature ranged 293-323K was assessed by means of electrochemical techniques and potentiodynamic polarization curves. The corrosion protection to the alloy at 293K was increased from 67.98% before treatment by MAO to 75.87% after treatment. The antimicrobial properties of the coated alloy were evaluated against different bacteria and oral fungi (Candida).

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