scholarly journals Clinical Outcomes and Risk Factor Analysis of Patients Presenting with Emphysematous Cystitis: A 15-Year Retrospective Multicenter Study

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 531
Author(s):  
Jeonghyouk Choi ◽  
Seung-Kwon Choi ◽  
Sang-Hyub Lee ◽  
Koo-Han Yoo
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Emphysematous Pyelonephritis ◽  
Acute Cystitis ◽  
Emphysematous Cystitis ◽  
Patient Status ◽  
History Of ◽  
Retrospective Multicenter Study

Background and objectives: To investigate the risk factors for emphysematous cystitis (EC) compared to those of acute cystitis (AC) to increase clinicians awareness of the possibility for the aggravation of patient status. Materials and methods: We retrospectively reviewed a total of 54 patients who were hospitalized with a diagnosis of EC by abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan from 2006 to 2020. The control group included 92 patients who were hospitalized for the treatment of AC in the same period. We sought to identify the clinical features and predisposing diseases, such as age, sex, diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension (HTN), cerebrovascular accident (CVA), chronic kidney disease (CKD), neurogenic bladder (NB), history of urinary tract infection (UTI), and emphysematous pyelonephritis (EPN), that were associated with the development of EC. Results: The median (interquartile range (IQR)) age of the patients with EC was older than that of the patients with AC (78.5 (15.3) years (range: 52–100) vs. 70.0 (26.5) years (range: 28–97 years)). Sepsis and mortality occurred only in the EC group (48.1% and 11.1%, respectively). The univariate analysis of predisposing factors revealed that age, DM, HTN, CVA, CKD, and NB were significantly associated with EC. In the multivariate analysis, DM (OR, 6.251; 95% CI, 2.254–17.250; p < 0.001), CKD (OR, 18.439; 95% CI, 3.421–99.404; p = 0.001), NB (OR, 7.374; 95% CI, 1.993–27.285; p = 0.003) were associated with EC. Conclusions: The results of this study revealed that DM, CKD, and NB were significant risk factors for EC. The tendency toward sepsis and high mortality underscore the need for careful observation while treating patients with EC with the risk noted above.

scholarly journals Smoking, diabetes, blood hypertension: possible etiologic role for Peyronie’s disease? Analysis in 279 patients with a control group in Sicily

2015 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlo Pavone ◽  
Francesco D’Amato ◽  
Nino Dispensa ◽  
Federico Torretta ◽  
Carlo Magno
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Outpatient Clinic ◽  
Erectile Function ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Peyronie’S Disease ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Peyronie's Disease

Objective: To assess the proportion of patients with Peyronie’s Disease (PD) and the possible association with its potential risk factors in the general population of the central and western Sicily in our weekly andrological outpatient clinic. Materials and methods: We recruited a sample of 279 consecutive patients consulting our andrological outpatient clinic. Two arms were created: the first one composed by PD patients (men with symptoms suggestive for PD), the second one composed by patients with other andrological diseases (control arm). For each patient we evaluated the age, cigarette smoking, diabetes, blood hypertension and erectile function. In the PD arm we administered validated questionnaires to determine the erectile function status by the International Index of Erectile Function 5 (IIEF-5) and the pain status during erection by the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). A univariate analysis was conducted using R software. Results: We enrolled 279 consecutive patients. The number of PD patients was 97 (34,7%). The univariate analysis showed a correlation between PD and cigarette smoking (p = 0.0242), blood hypertension (p &lt; 0.001), erectile dysfunction (p &lt; 0.001). No significant association was observed between diabetes and PD (p = 0.358). The median age of PD arm was 60 years and the median age of the control arm was 63,5 years; therefore the median age of PD arm resulted lower than the median age of the control arm (p = 0,031). Conclusions: Peyronie’s disease is more common than we might think; furthermore it can be diagnosed among young patients. According to our results, cigarette smoking and blood hypertension may be considered statically significant risk factors for developing PD. On the contrary diabetes seems not to be a risk factor for PD. According to our results PD should be sought also in young patients. Further studies are necessary to confirm that removing the indicated risk factors may reduce the incidence of PD.

scholarly journals HYPERVASCULAR LIVER LESIONS IN RADIOLOGICALLY NORMAL LIVER

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-26
Author(s):  
Enio Campos AMICO ◽  
José Roberto ALVES ◽  
Dyego Leandro Bezerra de SOUZA ◽  
Fellipe Alexandre Macena SALVIANO ◽  
Samir Assi JOÃO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Normal Liver ◽  
Personal History ◽  
Liver Lesions ◽  
Diagnostic Challenge ◽  
Imaging Characteristics ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Cancer

ABSTRACT Background: The hypervascular liver lesions represent a diagnostic challenge. Aim: To identify risk factors for cancer in patients with non-hemangiomatous hypervascular hepatic lesions in radiologically normal liver. Method: This prospective study included patients with hypervascular liver lesions in radiologically normal liver. The diagnosis was made by biopsy or was presumed on the basis of radiologic stability in follow-up period of one year. Cirrhosis or patients with typical imaging characteristics of haemangioma were excluded. Results: Eighty-eight patients were included. The average age was 42.4. The lesions were unique and were between 2-5 cm in size in most cases. Liver biopsy was performed in approximately 1/3 of cases. The lesions were benign or most likely benign in 81.8%, while cancer was diagnosed in 12.5% of cases. Univariate analysis showed that age >45 years (p< 0.001), personal history of cancer (p=0.020), presence of >3 nodules (p=0.003) and elevated alkaline phosphatase (p=0.013) were significant risk factors for cancer. Conclusion: It is safe to observe hypervascular liver lesions in normal liver in patients up to 45 years, normal alanine aminotransaminase, up to three nodules and no personal history of cancer. Lesion biopsies are safe in patients with atypical lesions and define the treatment to be established for most of these patients.

Risk factors for recurrence of peritonsillar abscess

2014 ◽  
Vol 128 (12) ◽  
pp. 1084-1088 ◽  
Author(s):  
J H Chung ◽  
Y C Lee ◽  
S Y Shin ◽  
Y G Eun
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Peritonsillar Abscess ◽  
Hazard Ratio ◽  
Recurrent Tonsillitis ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
History Of ◽  
Risk Factors For Recurrence

AbstractBackground:Additional high-quality evidence for predictors of peritonsillar abscess recurrence could lead to better-informed treatment decisions regarding tonsillectomy.Methods:In this study, 172 patients, who had been diagnosed and treated for peritonsillar abscess, were evaluated at follow up. A retrospective review of medical records and a telephone survey were performed. The clinical characteristics analysed included underlying disease, laboratory findings and computed tomography findings. Cox proportional hazard models were used to identify risk factors for peritonsillar abscess recurrence.Results:The recurrence rate of peritonsillar abscess was 13.9 per cent. Univariate analysis indicated that extraperitonsillar spread of the abscess (beyond the peritonsillar area) on computed tomography and a history of recurrent tonsillitis were associated with recurrence. Multivariate analysis also indicated that extraperitonsillar spread (p = 0.007; hazard ratio = 3.399) and recurrent tonsillitis history (p < 0.001; hazard ratio = 11.953) were significant risk factors for recurrence.Conclusion:Our results suggest that tonsillectomy may be indicated as a treatment for peritonsillar abscess in patients with a history of recurrent tonsillitis or extraperitonsillar spread on computed tomography.

scholarly journals The relationship between contact to cat and the development of asthma in children

2009 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 379
Author(s):  
Made Lndah Nastiti Utami Budha ◽  
Roni Naning ◽  
Ketut Dewi Kumara Wati
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
Stepwise Logistic Regression ◽  
Passive Smoker ◽  
History Of ◽  
Asthma In Children ◽  
The Relationship

Background Data suggesting history of direct or indirect contactto cats are either protective, has no effect or increase risk ofsensitization and asthma development.Objective To determine the relationship between childhoodcontact to cat and the development of asthma in children.Methods A case control study was conducted in Denpasar sinceDecember 2006 until Juli 2008. In this study, subjects withasthma (cases group) were selected for comparisons to a series of healthy subjects without asthma (controls group). Forty-sevensubjects (3-12 years) with asthma were recruited and matched(age and sex) with 4 7 healthy and non asthma controls. Data were collected using two kinds of questionnaires, i.e: ISAAC, ATS 78, and Robertson modification questionnaire from Medical School, University of Indonesia, which had been validated to determine asthma and asthma risk factors questionnaire. Data were analyzed as univariate by using chi-square or Fisher's exact test, and multivariate analysis by stepwise logistic regression model.Results Result of univariate analysis showed that there were seven significant risk factors of asthma. Using multivariate analysis, contact to cat was significant risk factor for asthma [OR: 4.5 (95% CI 1.3 to 16.0), P= 0.020]. Other significant risk factors were; contact to cockroach [OR: 11.7 (95% CI 2.6 to 51.6), P= 0.001], use of kapok mattress [OR: 6.4 (95% CI 1.4 to 29.0), P= 0.015], passive smoker [OR: 4.7 (95% CI 1.3 to 17.0), P= 0.018], and atopic history [OR: 9.2 (95% CI 2.3 to 36.7), P= 0.002].Conclusions There was a relationship between childhood contactto cat and the development of asthma in children. Risk factors that statistically significant were; contact to cockroach, use of kapok mattress, passive smoker, and history of allergy in study subject.

scholarly journals Association of Vitamin D Deficiency with Acute Lower Respiratory Infection in Toddlers

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gursharan Singh Narang ◽  
Sunita Arora ◽  
Sahiba Kukreja ◽  
Dr Shifali
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
World Health ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Acute Lower Respiratory Infection ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Severe Vitamin

Introduction: Pneumonia remains a significant health problem in India with significant morbidity and mortality. Objectives of this study were to identifying an effective nutritional agent that reduces the need for antibiotics, duration of pneumonia and length of hospitalization would be highly cost-beneficial.Material and Methods: This was a hospital-based case-control study: A total of 100 children including 50 cases and 50 controls, aged 2–60 months, were enrolled. Case definition of severe ALRI as given by the World Health Organization was used for cases. Controls were healthy children attending outpatients’ service for immunization or admitted for minor ailments other than ALRTI.Results: Mean 25(OH)D concentrations in children of the study group were lower than those of the control group (20.431 ng/mL vs. 27.67 ng/mL; p = 0.035). Factors significantly associated with decreased risk of ALRTI in univariate analysis were: exclusive breastfeeding in the first 6 months (cases 13/50 (26%), controls 42/50 (84%); p=0.000); adequate exposure to sunlight (cases 14/50 (28%), controls 42/50 (84%); P=0.000); and serum 25OHD3 <20 ng/ml (cases 28/50 (56%), controls 0/50 (0%); p=.000). Multivariate logistic model indicated that severe vitamin D deficiency (OR=NA), exclusive breast feeding (OR=.174); 95% CI (.061- .521; p=.002) and adequate sunlight exposure (OR=.179) ;95%CI (.062-.519); p=.002) were significant independent predictive risk factors for ALRTI among the children between 2 months – 5 years of age (all p<0.05).Conclusion: Severe vitamin D deficiency (<20ng/ml), nonexclusive breastfeeding in the first six months of life, inadequate sun exposure were significant risk factors for ALRTI in Indian children.J Nepal Paediatr Soc 2016;36(1):14-18

Identifying the Risk Factors for Hospital-Acquired Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Infection among Patients Colonized with MRSA on Admission

2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (12) ◽  
pp. 1219-1225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuriko Fukuta ◽  
Candace A. Cunningham ◽  
Patricia L. Harris ◽  
Marilyn M. Wagener ◽  
Robert R. Muder
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Prior History ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
History Of ◽  
Mrsa Infection ◽  
Hospital Acquired

Background.Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a major pathogen in hospital-acquired infections. MRSA-colonized inpatients who may benefit from undergoing decolonization have not been identified.Objective.To identify risk factors for MRSA infection among patients who are colonized with MRSA at hospital admission.Design.A case-control study.Setting.A 146-bed Veterans Affairs hospital.Participants.Case patients were those patients admitted from January 2003 to August 2011 who were found to be colonized with MRSA on admission and then developed MRSA infection. Control subjects were those patients admitted during the same period who were found to be colonized with MRSA on admission but who did not develop MRSA infection.Methods.A retrospective review.Results.A total of 75 case patients and 150 control subjects were identified. A stay in the intensive care unit (ICU) was the significant risk factor in univariate analysis (P<.001). Prior history of MRSA (P = .03), transfer from a nursing home (P = .002), experiencing respiratory failure (P<.001), and receipt of transfusion (P = .001) remained significant variables in multivariate analysis. Prior history of MRSA colonization or infection (P = .02), difficulty swallowing (P = .04), presence of an open wound (P = .002), and placement of a central line (P = .02) were identified as risk factors for developing MRSA infection for patients in the ICU. Duration of hospitalization, readmission rate, and mortality rate were significantly higher in case patients than in control subjects (P< .001, .001, and <.001, respectively).Conclusions.MRSA-colonized patients admitted to the ICU or admitted from nursing homes have a high risk of developing MRSA infection. These patients may benefit from undergoing decolonization.

scholarly journals Use of carbapenems and glycopepdides is significant risk for multidrug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii infections

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (02) ◽  
pp. 67-72
Author(s):  
Salih Hosoglu ◽  
Eyup Arslan ◽  
Emel Aslan ◽  
Özcan Deveci
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
And Control

Introduction: Multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (MDR-Ab) infections are an important healthcare problem globally. The aim of this study was to evaluate risk factors associated with MDR-Ab infections in hospitalized patients in Turkey. Methodology: A case-control study was performed in a tertiary care 1,303-bed university hospital, among case patients with MDR-Ab infections. The hospital records of case and control patients were retrospectively evaluated over a year. Patients who were hospitalized in the same department and in the same time interval as the case patients, without MDR-Ab infection or colonization, were chosen for control group. Demographic characteristics, Acute Physiology And Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) scores, comorbid diseases, use of invasive tools and duration of usage, and duration of use of antibiotics were recorded for all patients. Comparisons between case and control groups for possible risk factors were performed. Results: In total, 95 cases and 95 controls were included in the study. Univariate analysis highlighted several variables as risk factors for MDR-Ab infections. Multivariate analysis showed that only antibiotic usage over seven days (OR = 2.38, CI = 1.18-4.83, p = 0.016) was found to be a significant risk factor. When antibiotic treatment patterns in both groups were compared, the use of carbapenems (p = 0.001) and glycopeptide antibiotics (p=0.001) in patient treatment were found significantly higher in the MDR-Ab case group. Conclusion: This study showed us that previous antibiotic use is a significant risk factor for MDR-Ab infections. The use of carbapenems and glycopeptides should be considered as primary risk factors for developing MDR-Ab infection.

scholarly journals Risk factors for cefotaxime resistance in children with pneumonia

2012 ◽  
Vol 52 (5) ◽  
pp. 255
Author(s):  
Anak Agung Made Sucipta ◽  
Ida Bagus Subanada ◽  
Samik Wahab
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Antimicrobial Use ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
History Of ◽  
Culture Positive ◽  
Control Study

Background Pneumonia is a health problem in developingcountries, often caused by bacterial agents. The 'Widespreaduse of cefotaxime, a third􀁒generation of cephalosporin, may leadto increased incidence of resistance to this antibiotic. Severalstudies have reported on risk factors associated v.ith resistanceto cefotaxime.Objective To identify risk factors for cefotaxime resistance inchildren 'With pneumonia.Methods We performed a case􀁒control study at Sanglah Hospitalbetween January 2006􀁒December 2010. The case group includedchildren with blood culture􀁒positive pneumonia and resistanceto cefotaxime by sensitivity test. The control group was selectedfrom the same population as the case group, but the bacteriaisolated from these subjects were sensitive to cefotaxime. Wetested the folloMng risk factors for resistance to cefotaxime:age :53 years, microorganism species, history of antimicrobialuse, and history of hospitalization within the prior 3 months.Chi square test and logistic regression analysis were performedto determine any associations between the four potential riskfactors and resistance to cefotaxime. A P<0.05 was consideredto be statistically significant.Results Univariate analysis showed that the risk factors forresistance to cefotaxime were history of antimicrobial use in theprior 3 months (OR 2.79; 95%CI 1.40 to 5.55; P􀁓O.OOI) andhistory of hospitalization Mthin the prior 3 months (OR 5.57;95%CI 1.95 to 15.87; P=<O.OOOl). By multivariate analysis,risk factors associated Mth resistance to cefotaxime were historyof antimicrobial use in the prior 3 months (OR 2.4; 95%CI 1.18to 4.86; P=0.015), history of hospitalization within the prior 3months (OR 4.7; 95%CI 1.62 to 13.85; P􀁓0.004), and historyof breast feeding for less than 2 months (OR 2.3; 95%CI 1.0 to5.4; P􀁓0.042).Conclusion History of antimicrobial use and history ofhospitalization within the prior 3 monthsweresignificantrisk factors for resistance to cefotaxime in children Mth pneumonia.[Paediatr Indanes. 2012;52:255-9].

scholarly journals EPID-02. HEIGHT AND THE RISK OF MENINGIOMA

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (Supplement_6) ◽  
pp. vi74-vi74
Author(s):  
Shlomit Yust-Katz ◽  
Alexandra Amiel ◽  
Ramiz Abu Shkara ◽  
Tali Siegal ◽  
Gilad Twig
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Autoimmune Diseases ◽  
Cancer Registry ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Total Study Population ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of

Abstract BACKGROUND Meningiomas are the most common primary central nervous system tumors. Risk factors for meningiomas including obesity, height, history of allergy/atopy or autoimmune diseases, have been previously assessed with conflicting results. We reviewed a large cohort of Israeli adolescents in order to assess potential risk factors for the development of meningiomas. METHODS This study analyzed a cohort of 2,035,915 Jewish men and women who underwent obligatory physical examination when aged 16 to 19 years, from 1967 to 2011. Meningioma incidence was identified by linkage to the national cancer registry. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate the hazard ratios for meningioma according to sex, body mass index (BMI), height, history of allergic and autoimmune disease. RESULTS Linkage of the adolescent military database with the Israeli cancer registry identified 480 cases (152 males and 328 females) of meningioma during a follow up of 40,304,078-person years. The median age at diagnosis of meningioma was 42.1 ± 9.4 (range 17.4–62.6). On univariate analysis, only female gender (p< 0.01) and height (p< 0.01) were associated with risk for meningioma in the total study population. When stratified by gender, height remained a significant risk factor only in men. Spline analysis in the men group showed the minimum risk at a height of 1.62 meters and a statistically significant increase in the risk for meningioma at heights taller than 1.85 meters. BMI, past medical history including asthma, diabetes, and atopic and autoimmune diseases, were not associated with meningioma risk. CONCLUSION in this large population study, we found that sex and taller height in adolescent males was associated with an increased risk of adult meningioma.

scholarly journals Study of Risk Factor for Congenital Heart Diseases in Children at Rural Hospital of Central India

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amar M Taksande ◽  
Krishna Vilhekar
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Family History ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Central India ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
Control Group ◽  
History Of

Introduction: Congenital heart disease is the most common congenital problem that accounts for up to 25% of all congenital malformations. Hence this study was aimed at improving the knowledge related to risk factors associated with CHD in a rural Indian scenario. It was a hospital- based case control study. Materials and Methods: The children up to twelve year of age with clinical suspicion of CHD were subjected to chest x-ray and electrocardiography, and final diagnosis was confirmed by echocardiography (n=209) as cases. The control group (n=418) were randomly selected from children without CHD who were admitted during the same period. The etiological factors like environmental, infections, drugs, and maternal factors were analyzed by using EPI 6 version. Results: In cases group, 56% were male and 44% female children. 82% cases presented at age of less than 5 years and 18% after 5 year. Exposure to smoking (OR=10.45), tobacco intake by mother (OR=8.28) and family history of CHD (OR=7.21) were the significant risk factor present in cases. Conclusion: The risk factors for CHD child identified were exposure to smoking and tobacco intake by mother, family history of CHD, antenatal infection in 1st trimester and history of diabetic mother. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnps.v33i2.8254   J Nepal Paediatr Soc. 2013; 33(2):121-124

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