scholarly journals Quasi-Static Compression Deformation and Energy Absorption Characteristics of Basalt Fiber-Containing Closed-Cell Aluminum Foam

Metals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 921 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donghui Yang ◽  
Zichen Zhang ◽  
Xueguang Chen ◽  
Xing Han ◽  
Tao Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pore Size ◽  
Energy Absorption ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Aluminum Foam ◽  
Pure Aluminum ◽  
Present Condition ◽  
Aluminum Foams ◽  
Commercially Pure ◽  
Closed Cell ◽  
Absorption Characteristics

In this work, closed-cell aluminum foams with 4 wt.% contents of short-cut basalt fibers (BFs) were successful prepared by using the modified melt-foaming method. The pore size of BF-containing aluminum foam and commercially pure aluminum foam was counted. The distribution of BF and its effect on the compressive properties of closed-cell aluminum foams were investigated. The results showed that the pore size of BF-containing aluminum foams was more uniform and smaller. BF mainly existed in three different forms: Some were totally embedded in the cell walls, some protruded from the cell walls, and others penetrated through the cells. Meanwhile, under the present condition, BF-containing aluminum foams possessed higher compressive strength and energy absorption characteristics than commercially pure aluminum foams, and the reasons were discussed.

Quasi-Static Compressive Characteristics of Cu-Containing Closed-Cell Aluminum Foams

2017 ◽  
Vol 748 ◽  
pp. 173-180
Author(s):  
Jing Wang ◽  
Zan Zhang ◽  
Jian Ding ◽  
Chuan Rong Qiu ◽  
Xing Chuan Xia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Aluminum Foam ◽  
Pure Aluminum ◽  
Aging Treatment ◽  
Compressive Properties ◽  
Aluminum Foams ◽  
Commercially Pure ◽  
Closed Cell ◽  
Heat Treated

Closed-cell aluminum foam with different percentages of Cu was prepared by melt foaming method.The effect of Cu element on the quasi-static compressive properties of aluminum foam was investigated, both under as-cast and heat-treated conditions. The results showed that Cu element distributed in cell wall matrix mainly in the forms of Al-Cu solid solutions and AlCu3, Al6.1Cu1.2Ti2.7 intermetallics. Meanwhile, Cu-containing foams possessed much higher compressive strength than the commercially pure aluminum foams. Additionally, proper heat treatment could further improve the yield strength of Cu-containing foams and the effect of aging treatment was more obvious than the homogenizing heat treatment under the present conditions and the reasons were discussed.

scholarly journals Structural and physico-mechanical characterization of closed-cell aluminum foams with different zinc additions

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 789-795 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ankur Bisht ◽  
Brijesh Gangil
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Energy Absorption ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Mechanical Characterization ◽  
Pure Aluminum ◽  
Zinc Content ◽  
Aluminum Foams ◽  
Static Behavior ◽  
Closed Cell

Abstract Closed-cell aluminum foams with different percentages of zinc content were successfully prepared and investigated. The foamable precursors were prepared in a pit furnace by adding calcium as thickening agent, calcium carbonate as blowing agent and different percentages (0 wt.%, 0.5 wt.% and 1 wt.%) of zinc particles at 650–750°C. The distribution of Zn elements and quassi-static behavior of the foams at room temperature were investigated. The experimental results show that Zn element is uniformly distributed in cell wall matrix. The distribution of Zn elements had a significant effect on the quasi-static compressive behavior of aluminum foams; from the results, it is obvious that zinc-containing foams possessed higher compressive strength and energy absorption capacities than pure aluminum foams. Hence, it can be concluded that increase in percentage of Zn particles helps to increase the compressive strength, plateau region and energy absorption, in addition to providing better and uniform pores.

Synthesis of Closed Cell Aluminum Foam Using the Compression Method

2013 ◽  
Vol 711 ◽  
pp. 195-198
Author(s):  
Suthiphong Sopha ◽  
Santirat Nansa-Arang ◽  
Prachya Peasura
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Aluminum Foam ◽  
Pure Aluminum ◽  
Powder Size ◽  
Compression Method ◽  
Aluminum Foams ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Closed Cell

This research was to study the synthesis of aluminum foam with pure aluminum and its mechanical properties. The synthesis varied at 1% - 5% of TiH2 and mixed with 99.7 % aluminum powder size of 44 µm. then compressed by hydraulic at 25, 30 and 35 tons in the diameter 27 mm, high 60 mm molded. The Aluminum foams were produced by using heat treatment at 800 °C for 10 minutes then cool to room temperature and tested its mechanical properties. The results showed that aluminum foams which lowest bulk density (0.958 g/cm3) was 2% TiH2 synthesized, compressed at 35 tons and highest bulk density (1.393 g/cm3) was 1% TiH2 synthesized, compressed at 25 tons. Moreover, the highest compressive strength (847 kg/cm2) showed at 2% TiH2 synthesized and compressed at 35 tons. Thus, this research contributes to a body of knowledge that informs the application of aluminum foam.

Effect of cell size on the energy absorption of closed-cell aluminum foam

2018 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 583-590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinglin Xu ◽  
Jianqing Liu ◽  
Wenbin Gu ◽  
Zhenxiong Wang ◽  
Xin Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Size ◽  
Energy Absorption ◽  
Aluminum Foam ◽  
Closed Cell

scholarly journals Energy Absorption of Different Cell Structures for Closed-Cell Foam-Filled Tubes Subject to Uniaxial Compression

Metals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Yu ◽  
Zhuokun Cao ◽  
Ganfeng Tu ◽  
Yongliang Mu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Absorption ◽  
Absorption Efficiency ◽  
Foam Core ◽  
Aluminum Foams ◽  
Static Compression ◽  
Cell Structures ◽  
Closed Cell ◽  
Energy Absorption Efficiency ◽  
Foam Filled ◽  
Quasi Static Compression

The energy absorption of different cell structures for closed-cell aluminum foam-filled Al tubes are investigated through quasi-static compression testing. Aluminum foams are fabricated under different pressures, obtaining aluminum foams with different cell sizes. It is found that the deformation of the foam core is close to the overall deformation, and the deformation band is seriously expanded when the cell size is fined, which leads to the increase of interaction. Results confirm that the foam-filled tubes absorb more energy due to the increase of interaction between the foam core and tube wall when the foaming pressure increases. The energy absorption efficiency of foam-filled tubes can reach a maximum value of 90% when the foam core is fabricated under 0.30 MPa, which demonstrates that aluminum foams fabricated under increased pressure give a new way for the applications of foam-filled tubes in the automotive industry.

scholarly journals Explosion Resistance of Three-Dimensional Mesoscopic Model of Complex Closed-Cell Aluminum Foam Sandwich Structure Based on Random Generation Algorithm

Complexity ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Wang ◽  
Wen Bin Gu ◽  
Xing Bo Xie ◽  
Qi Yuan ◽  
Yu Tian Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Aluminum Foam ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Coincidence Degree ◽  
Aluminum Foams ◽  
Polyhedral Particles ◽  
Mesh Model ◽  
Closed Cell ◽  
Wall Deformation ◽  
Deformation Area

According to the randomness of the spatial distribution and shape of the internal cells of closed-cell foam aluminum and based on the Voronoi algorithm, we use ABAQUS to model the random polyhedrons of pore cells firstly. Then, the algorithm of generating aluminum foam with random pore size and random wall thickness is written by Python and Fortran, and the mesh model of random polyhedral particles and random wall thickness was established by the algorithm read in by TrueGrid software. Finally, the mesh model is impo rted into the LS-DYNA software to remove the random polyhedron part of the pore cell. Compared with the results of scanning electron microscopy and antiknock test, the morphology and properties of the model are close to those of the real aluminum foam material, and the coincidence degree is more than 91.4%. By means of numerical simulation, the mechanism of the wall deformation, destruction of closed-cell aluminum foams, and the rapid attenuation of explosion stress wave after the interference of reflection and transmission of bubbles were studied and revealed. It is found that aluminum foam deformation can be divided into four areas: collapse area, fracture area, plastic deformation area, and elastic deformation region. Therefore, the explosion resistance is directly related to the cell wall thickness and bubble size, and there is an optimal porosity rule for aluminum foam antiknock performance.

scholarly journals Dynamic Compressive Behaviors of Two-Layer Graded Aluminum Foams under Blast Loading

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minzu Liang ◽  
Xiangyu Li ◽  
Yuliang Lin ◽  
Kefan Zhang ◽  
Fangyun Lu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Absorption ◽  
Aluminum Foam ◽  
Blast Resistance ◽  
Blast Loading ◽  
Deformation Energy ◽  
Aluminum Foams ◽  
Conflicting Objectives ◽  
Energy Dissipated ◽  
Transmitted Impulse ◽  
Energy Absorbing

Experimental and numerical analyses were carried out to reveal the behaviors of two-layer graded aluminum foam materials for their dynamic compaction under blast loading. Blast experiments were conducted to investigate the deformation and densification wave formation of two-layer graded foams with positive and negative gradients. The shape of the stress waveform changed during the propagation process, and the time of edge rising was extended. Finite element models of two-layer graded aluminum foam were developed using the periodic Voronoi technique. Numerical analysis was performed to simulate deformation, energy absorption, and transmitted impulse of the two-layer graded aluminum foams by the software ABAQUS/Explicit. The deformation patterns were presented to provide insights into the influences of the foam gradient on compaction wave mechanisms. Results showed that the densification wave occurred at the blast end and then gradually propagated to the distal end for the positive gradient; however, compaction waves simultaneously formed in both layers and propagated to the distal end in the same direction for the negative gradient. The energy absorption and impulse transfer were examined to capture the effect of the blast pressure and the material gradient. The greater the foam gradient, the more energy dissipated and the more impulse transmitted. The absorbed energy and transferred impulse are conflicting objectives for the blast resistance capability of aluminum foam materials with different gradient distributions. The results could help in understanding the performance and mechanisms of two-layer graded aluminum foam materials under blast loading and provide a guideline for effective design of energy-absorbing materials and structures.

scholarly journals Anisotropic Compressive Behavior of Functionally Density Graded Aluminum Foam Prepared by Controlled Melt Foaming Process

Materials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bingbing Zhang ◽  
Shuangqi Hu ◽  
Zhiqiang Fan
Keyword(s):  
Energy Absorption ◽  
Aluminum Foam ◽  
Image Correlation ◽  
Lateral Strain ◽  
Transverse Compression ◽  
Deformation Bands ◽  
Aluminum Foams ◽  
Static Compression ◽  
Plateau Stress ◽  
Foaming Process

Aluminum foams with a functionally graded density have exhibited better impact resistance and a better energy absorbing performance than aluminum foams with a uniform density. Nevertheless, the anisotropic compression behavior caused by the graded density has scarcely been studied. In this paper, a density graded aluminum foam (FG) was prepared by a controlled foaming process. The effect of density anisotropy on the mechanical behavior of FGs was investigated under quasi-static compression and a low-velocity impact. Digital image correlation (DIC) and numerical simulation techniques were used to identify deformation mechanisms at both macro and cell levels. Results show that transverse compression on FGs lead to a higher collapse strength but also to a lower energy absorption, due to the significant decrease in densification strain and plateau stress. The deformation behavior of FGs under longitudinal compression was dominated by the progressive extension of the deformation bands. For FGs under transverse compression, the failure mode of specimens was characterized by multiple randomly distributed deformation bands. Moreover, the transverse compression caused more deformation on cells, through tearing and lateral stretching, because of the high lateral strain level in the specimens. It was concluded that the transverse compression of FGs lead to a lower plateau stress and a lower cell usage, thus resulting in a poorer energy absorption efficient; this constitutes a key factor which should be taken into consideration in structural design.

scholarly journals Torsion Property of the Structure Bonded Aluminum Foam Due to Impact

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 1353-1357
Author(s):  
G.W. Hwang ◽  
J.U. Cho
Keyword(s):  
Impact Energy ◽  
Aluminum Foam ◽  
Bonding Interface ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Aluminum Foams ◽  
Fracture Characteristics ◽  
Foaming Agent ◽  
Closed Cell ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Torsion Property

AbstractAn aluminum foam added with foaming agent, is classified into an open-cell type for heat transfer and a closed-cell type for shock absorption. This study investigates the characteristic on the torsion of aluminum foam for a closed-cell type under impact. The fracture characteristics are investigated through the composite of five types of aluminum foam (the thicknesses of 25, 35, 45, 55 and 65 mm), when applying the torsional moment of impact energy on the junction of a porous structure attached by an adhesive. When applying the impact energy of 100, 200 and 300J, the aluminum foams with thicknesses of 25 mm and 35 mm broke off under all conditions. For the energy over 200J, aluminums thicker than 55 mm continued to be attached. Furthermore, the aluminum specimens with thicknesses of 55 mm and 65 mm that were attached with more than 30% of bonding interface remained, proving that they could maintain bonding interface against impact energy. By comparing the data based on the analysis and test result, an increase in the thickness of specimen leads to the plastic deformation as the stress at the top and bottom of bonding interface moves to the middle by spreading the stress horizontally. Based on this fracture characteristic, this study can provide the data on the destruction and separation of bonding interface and may contribute to the safety design.

High Strain Rate Behavior of Carbon Nanotubes Reinforced Aluminum Foams

2017 ◽  
Vol 140 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdelhakim Aldoshan ◽  
D. P. Mondal ◽  
Sanjeev Khanna
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Strain Rate ◽  
Aluminum Foam ◽  
High Strain ◽  
Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar ◽  
Dynamic Compression ◽  
Strain Rates ◽  
Aluminum Foams ◽  
Static Compression ◽  
Closed Cell

The mechanical behavior of closed-cell aluminum foam composites under different compressive loadings has been investigated. Closed-cell aluminum foam composites made using the liquid metallurgy route were reinforced with multiwalled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with different concentrations, namely, 1%, 2%, and 3% by weight. The reinforced foams were experimentally tested under dynamic compression using the split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) system over a range of strain rates (up to 2200 s−1). For comparison, aluminum foams were also tested under quasi-static compression. It was observed that closed-cell aluminum foam composites are strain rate sensitive. The mechanical properties of CNT reinforced Al-foams, namely, yield stress, plateau stress, and energy absorption capacity are significantly higher than that of monolithic Al-foam under both low and high strain rates.

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