scholarly journals Natural Pigments of Bacterial Origin and Their Possible Biomedical Applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 739
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Salazar Celedón ◽  
Leticia Barrientos Díaz
Keyword(s):  
Food Production ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Climatic Changes ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Biotechnological Applications ◽  
Short Life ◽  
Natural Pigments ◽  
Bacterial Origin ◽  
Low Sensitivity ◽  
Artificial Origin

Microorganisms are considered one of the most promising niches for prospecting, production, and application of bioactive compounds of biotechnological interest. Among them, bacteria offer certain distinctive advantages due to their short life cycle, their low sensitivity to seasonal and climatic changes, their easy scaling as well as their ability to produce pigments of various colors and shades. Natural pigments have attracted the attention of industry due to an increasing interest in the generation of new products harmless to humans and nature. This is because pigments of artificial origin used in industry can have various deleterious effects. On this basis, bacterial pigments promise to be an attractive niche of new biotechnological applications, from functional food production to the generation of new drugs and biomedical therapies. This review endeavors to establish the beneficial properties of several relevant pigments of bacterial origin and their relation to applications in the biomedical area.

scholarly journals Bright Side of Fusarium oxysporum: Secondary Metabolites Bioactivities and Industrial Relevance in Biotechnology and Nanotechnology

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 943
Author(s):  
Sabrin R. M. Ibrahim ◽  
Alaa Sirwi ◽  
Basma G. Eid ◽  
Shaimaa G. A. Mohamed ◽  
Gamal A. Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Cyclic Peptides ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Biotechnological Applications ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Bright Side ◽  
Reported Data ◽  
Industrial Relevance

Fungi have been assured to be one of the wealthiest pools of bio-metabolites with remarkable potential for discovering new drugs. The pathogenic fungi, Fusarium oxysporum affects many valuable trees and crops all over the world, producing wilt. This fungus is a source of different enzymes that have variable industrial and biotechnological applications. Additionally, it is widely employed for the synthesis of different types of metal nanoparticles with various biotechnological, pharmaceutical, industrial, and medicinal applications. Moreover, it possesses a mysterious capacity to produce a wide array of metabolites with a broad spectrum of bioactivities such as alkaloids, jasmonates, anthranilates, cyclic peptides, cyclic depsipeptides, xanthones, quinones, and terpenoids. Therefore, this review will cover the previously reported data on F. oxysporum, especially its metabolites and their bioactivities, as well as industrial relevance in biotechnology and nanotechnology in the period from 1967 to 2021. In this work, 180 metabolites have been listed and 203 references have been cited.

scholarly journals Prospects of fluorescence methods application for monitoring of cyanobacterial cultures in biotechnology

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 02007
Author(s):  
Natalia Yu. Grigoryeva ◽  
Anna A. Liss
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Fluorescence Spectroscopy ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Biotechnological Applications ◽  
Wastewater Remediation ◽  
Fluorescence Techniques ◽  
Fluorescence Methods ◽  
On Line ◽  
Photosynthetic Microorganisms

Cyanobacteria are photosynthetic microorganisms that possess a high potential for innovative applications in agriculture, food production, cosmeticals, wastewater remediation, biofuels, antioxidative enzymes production, etc. During the industrial cultivation of cyanobacteria several parameters as growth rate, physiological state and algological purity of the culture should be controled permanently. One of the methods that can provide on-line monitoring of cyanobacterial cultures and further process automatization is a fluorescence spectroscopy. In this work several fluorescence techniques are analysed and their possible adaptation for biotechnological applications is suggested.

scholarly journals Recent Developments in Production and Biotechnological Applications of C-Phycocyanin

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kuddus ◽  
P. Singh ◽  
G. Thomas ◽  
Awdah Al-Hazimi
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Biotechnological Applications ◽  
Synthetic Compounds ◽  
Natural Pigments ◽  
Extraction And Purification ◽  
Natural Colorants ◽  
Extensive Range ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries ◽  
Harmful Effects

An extensive range of pigments including phycobiliproteins are present in algae. C-phycocyanin (C-PC), a phycobiliprotein, is one of the key pigments ofSpirulina, a microalgae used in many countries as a dietary supplement. Algal pigments have massive commercial value as natural colorants in nutraceutical, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical industries, besides their health benefits. At present, increasing awareness of harmful effects of synthetic compounds and inclination of community towards the usage of natural products have led to the exploitation of microalgae as a source of natural pigments/colors. This review describes recent findings about the sources and production of C-PC, with emphasis on specific techniques for extraction and purification, along with potential industrial applications in diagnostics, foods, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical industries.

Fish pepsin: basic characteristics, extraction, determination and biotechnological applications

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-14
Author(s):  
Vagne De Melo Oliveira ◽  
Ranilson De Souza Bezerra ◽  
Caio Rodrigo Dias Assis
Keyword(s):  
Food Production ◽  
Specific Substrate ◽  
Acidic Ph ◽  
Purification Process ◽  
Biotechnological Applications ◽  
Basic Characteristics ◽  
Fish Viscera ◽  
Enzyme Targeting ◽  
Optimal Ph

Enzyme technology has been employed in various segments of the industry, food production and consumer goods. Fish viscera are potential sources of proteins with enzymatic properties appreciable in this market. Among them, pepsin (EC 3.4.23.x) deserves special attention. The active enzyme has at least five isoforms which are precursor groups of pepsins type: A, B, and F, gastricsin and chymosin. Their zymogen (pepsinogen) is activated by autocatalysis at acidic pH in stomach. Hemoglobin is their specific substrate. Features like optimal pH and temperature vary according to species and even within the same species may be found different values. The molecular weight also varies according to species and is generally between 25 and 35 kDa. The protocols for extraction and determination of pepsin fish follow a line of standardization, varying concentrations of analysis. These data are basic steps to detect the presence of the enzyme targeting a future purification process for its effective biotechnological applications.

scholarly journals DETERMINING THE OPTIMUM MATURITY OF MAIZE USING GOOGLENET

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 517-523
Author(s):  
A. Peter
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Image Processing ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Climatic Changes ◽  
Window Of Opportunity ◽  
Agricultural Produce ◽  
Food Shortages ◽  
Growing Population ◽  
Trained Network

Climatic changes, animal and human activities that lead to desertification and deforestation have affected the increase in agricultural produce especially in sub-Sahara Africa. Several efforts have been put in place to reduce these effects. However, that has not fully resolved the problem food shortages due to the growing population in sub-Sahara Africa. The application of image processing and convolutional neural network in the determination of the optimum maturity of SAMMAZ 17 variety of maize plant is being considered to mitigate for the shortage of food production. The optimum maturity is determined by using GoogleNet pre trained network on 3000 samples of maize comb captured using a camera at different maturity stages in a farmland. GoogleNet pre-trained network gave an accuracy of 82.44%. The result obtained showed a 10.44% improvement over an earlier result using Alexnet pre-trained network. The results suggest that when made operational there is a window of opportunity for increase in the production of food in sub-Sahara Africa

scholarly journals Design of Soft Nanocarriers Combining Hyaluronic Acid with Another Functional Polymer for Cancer Therapy and Other Biomedical Applications

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marlène Rippe ◽  
Vanina Cosenza ◽  
Rachel Auzély-Velty
Keyword(s):  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Targeted Delivery ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
The Body ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Surface Receptors ◽  
Synthetic Approaches ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The rapid advancement in medicine requires the search for new drugs, but also for new carrier systems for more efficient and targeted delivery of the bioactive molecules. Among the latter, polymeric nanocarriers have an increasingly growing potential for clinical applications due to their unique physical and chemical characteristics. In this regard, nanosystems based on hyaluronic acid (HA), a polysaccharide which is ubiquitous in the body, have attracted particular interest because of the biocompatibility, biodegradability and nonimmunogenic property provided by HA. Furthermore, the fact that hyaluronic acid can be recognized by cell surface receptors in tumor cells, makes it an ideal candidate for the targeted delivery of anticancer drugs. In this review, we compile a comprehensive overview of the different types of soft nanocarriers based on HA conjugated or complexed with another polymer: micelles, nanoparticles, nanogels and polymersomes. Emphasis is made on the properties of the polymers used as well as the synthetic approaches for obtaining the different HA-polymer systems. Fabrication, characterization and potential biomedical applications of the nanocarriers will also be described.

scholarly journals Ecological and Biotechnological Aspects of Pigmented Microbes: A Way Forward in Development of Food and Pharmaceutical Grade Pigments

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 637
Author(s):  
Ramesh Chatragadda ◽  
Laurent Dufossé
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Multiple Roles ◽  
Natural Pigments ◽  
High Production ◽  
Synthetic Colorants ◽  
Synthetic Pigments ◽  
Evolutionary Aspects ◽  
Pigmented Bacteria

Microbial pigments play multiple roles in the ecosystem construction, survival, and fitness of all kinds of organisms. Considerably, microbial (bacteria, fungi, yeast, and microalgae) pigments offer a wide array of food, drug, colorants, dyes, and imaging applications. In contrast to the natural pigments from microbes, synthetic colorants are widely used due to high production, high intensity, and low cost. Nevertheless, natural pigments are gaining more demand over synthetic pigments as synthetic pigments have demonstrated side effects on human health. Therefore, research on microbial pigments needs to be extended, explored, and exploited to find potential industrial applications. In this review, the evolutionary aspects, the spatial significance of important pigments, biomedical applications, research gaps, and future perspectives are detailed briefly. The pathogenic nature of some pigmented bacteria is also detailed for awareness and safe handling. In addition, pigments from macro-organisms are also discussed in some sections for comparison with microbes.

Multiresistente Bakterien: Antibiotikaverordnung und Reserveantibiotika

2018 ◽  
Vol 143 (09) ◽  
pp. 643-650 ◽  
Author(s):  
Winfried Kern
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Food Production ◽  
One Health ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Human Medicine ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Adequate Treatment ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Organisms

AbstractAscertaining critical indications for antibiotics and rational prescribing can delay and minimize the spread of antibiotic resistance. Room for improvement lies in particular in a stricter indication, in shortening antibiotic treatment and in initiating more targeted therapies with narrow-spectrum drugs. Not all infections due to multidrug-resistant organisms require treatment with reserve drugs. Detailed susceptibility testing together with enhanced knowledge of pharmacokinetics and -dynamics are needed for adequate treatment decisions. There are some new drugs with interesting spectrum of activity in development. The problem of antimicrobial resistance in human medicine, however, must also be seen in the context of “One Health” interactions between various systems including environmental issues and food production.

scholarly journals Equilibrium Swelling of Biocompatible Thermo-Responsive Copolymer Gels

Gels ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 40
Author(s):  
Aleksey D. Drozdov
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Hydrophobic Interactions ◽  
Volume Phase Transition ◽  
Biotechnological Applications ◽  
Vinyl Methyl ◽  
Potential Toxicity ◽  
Swelling Properties ◽  
Vinyl Methyl Ether ◽  
Equilibrium Swelling ◽  
Copolymer Gels

Biomedical applications of thermo-responsive (TR) hydrogels require these materials to be biocompatible, non-cytotoxic, and non-immunogenic. Due to serious concerns regarding potential toxicity of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAm), design of alternative homo- and copolymer gels with controllable swelling properties has recently become a hot topic. This study focuses on equilibrium swelling of five potential candidates to replace PNIPAm in biomedical and biotechnological applications: poly(N-vinylcaprolactam), poly(vinyl methyl ether), poly(N,N-dimethyl amino ethyl methacrylate), and two families of poly(2-oxazoline)s, and poly(oligo(ethylene glycol) methacrylates). To evaluate their water uptake properties and to compare them with those of substituted acrylamide gels, a unified model is developed for equilibrium swelling of TR copolymer gels with various types of swelling diagrams. Depending on the strength of hydrophobic interactions (high, intermediate, and low), the (co)polymers under consideration are split into three groups that reveal different responses at and above the volume phase transition temperature.

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