scholarly journals Does Organic Farming Increase Raspberry Quality, Aroma and Beneficial Bacterial Biodiversity?

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1617
Author(s):  
Daniela Sangiorgio ◽  
Antonio Cellini ◽  
Francesco Spinelli ◽  
Brian Farneti ◽  
Iuliia Khomenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Rubus Idaeus ◽  
Potential Contribution ◽  
Organic Cultivation ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Plant Phenotype ◽  
Bacterial Biodiversity ◽  
Generation Sequencing

Plant-associated microbes can shape plant phenotype, performance, and productivity. Cultivation methods can influence the plant microbiome structure and differences observed in the nutritional quality of differently grown fruits might be due to variations in the microbiome taxonomic and functional composition. Here, the influence of organic and integrated pest management (IPM) cultivation on quality, aroma and microbiome of raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) fruits was evaluated. Differences in the fruit microbiome of organic and IPM raspberry were examined by next-generation sequencing and bacterial isolates characterization to highlight the potential contribution of the resident-microflora to fruit characteristics and aroma. The cultivation method strongly influenced fruit nutraceutical traits, aroma and epiphytic bacterial biocoenosis. Organic cultivation resulted in smaller fruits with a higher anthocyanidins content and lower titratable acidity content in comparison to IPM berries. Management practices also influenced the amounts of acids, ketones, aldehydes and monoterpenes, emitted by fruits. Our results suggest that the effects on fruit quality could be related to differences in the population of Gluconobacter, Sphingomonas, Rosenbergiella, Brevibacillus and Methylobacterium on fruit. Finally, changes in fruit aroma can be partly explained by volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted by key bacterial genera characterizing organic and IPM raspberry fruits.

scholarly journals Organic cultivation of yellow passion fruit using tall seedlings with long root systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 477-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nilciléia Mendes Silva ◽  
Sebastião Elviro Araújo Neto ◽  
Luís Gustavo De Souza Souza ◽  
Thays Lemos Uchôa ◽  
Regina Lúcia Félix Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Root System ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Passion Fruit ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Organic System ◽  
Organic Cultivation ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Yellow Passion Fruit

Studies related to adaptation to the environment and different conditions of water availability contribute to decision-making regarding the management of any crop to be implanted. Accordingly, this work aimed to evaluate the yield and quality of organic yellow passion fruit cultivated in a long root system in dryland conditions. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, with five treatments and four replications with four plants each. The treatments consisted of the alteration of the length of the root system, namely: T1 = 25 cm; T2 = 50 cm; T3 = 75 cm; T4 = 100 cm; and T5 = 125 cm. At 120 days after emergence (DAE), the seedlings were transplanted to the field and the following variables were evaluated: plant height (cm) and base diameter (mm) at 120 DAE; total titratable acidity (TTA), total soluble solids (TSS), Ratio (TSS/TTA); and fruit yield. The cultivation of tall seedlings with a long root system provides the maintenance of production during the dry season. The TTA, TSS, and the ratio do not change when modifying the length of the root system, although they do change with the harvest season. The cultivation of passion fruit in an organic system using plants with a long root system with an estimated length of 114 cm provides a higher fruit yield (7,472 kg ha-1) in 22 months of cultivation.

scholarly journals Influence of the main stem pruning and fruit thinning on quality of melon

Revista CERES ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 789-795
Author(s):  
Rafaella Martins de Araújo Ferreira ◽  
Edna Maria Mendes Aroucha ◽  
Cristiane Alves de Paiva ◽  
José Francismar de Medeiros ◽  
Flavinicíus Pereira Barreto
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Main Stem ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Postharvest Quality ◽  
Fruit Thinning ◽  
Flesh Firmness

ABSTRACT Among many management practices used in melon crops, those that change source: sink relationship, such as pruning and fruit thinning, directly influence production, affect fruit size and its composition, including sugar and vitamin contents. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of pruning of the main stem and time of fruit thinning in melon postharvest quality. Thus, two experiments were set up in Mossoró, state of Rio Grande do Norte, each with a melon hybrid (Amaregal and Banzai). Each experiment was conducted in a randomized block, in a (2 x 4) + 1 factorial design, 2 pruning management (with and without pruning), 4 levels of fruit thinning (3, 6, 9 and 12 DARB - days after removal agro textile blanket) and a control (without pruning and thinning), and four replications. Fruits were harvested at commercial maturity and transported to the Laboratory of Food Technology of UFERSA, where they were evaluated for the following characteristics: weight, diameter, length, flesh thickness, flesh firmness, soluble solids, pH, and titratable acidity, soluble solids: titratable acidity ratio and vitamin C. No interaction between factors in any of the experiments was found. Titratable acidity (0.077%) and vitamin C content (3.4 mg/100 g) in Amaregal melon and soluble solids (10.2%) in Banzai melon were lower in the treatments with stem pruning. In Amaregal melon, fruits showed longer length (134 mm) and greater flesh firmness (40 N) when thinning was carried out on 6 DARB, and as thinning was delayed, it found a decrease in the values of soluble solids, SS: TA ratio and pH. In Banzai melon, fruits showed greater flesh thickness (33.5 mm) and SS: TA (247.5) ratio when thinning was carried out on 6 DARB. However, delay in thinning promoted an increase in pH and vitamin C content of the fruits. Pruning of the main stem and thinning season had effect on the quality of Amaregal and Banzai melons in different ways.

scholarly journals Processes, Challenges and Optimisation of Rum Production from Molasses—A Contemporary Review

Fermentation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Tinashe Mangwanda ◽  
Joel B. Johnson ◽  
Janice S. Mani ◽  
Steve Jackson ◽  
Shaneel Chandra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Yeast Strains ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Production Industry ◽  
Stringent Quality

The rum industry is currently worth USD 16 billion, with production concentrated in tropical countries of the Caribbean and Asia-Pacific regions. The primary feedstock for rum production is sugar cane molasses, a by-product of sugar refineries. The main variables known to affect rum quality include the composition of the molasses, the length of fermentation, and the type of barrels and length of time used for aging the rum. The goal of this review is to provide an overview of the impact of these variables on rum quality, and to highlight current challenges and opportunities in the production of rum from molasses. In order to achieve this, we review the relevant contemporary scientific literature on these topics. The major contemporary challenges in the rum production industry include minimising the effects of variability in feedstock quality, ensuring the fermentation process runs to completion, preventing microbial contamination, and the selection and maintenance of yeast strains providing optimum ethanol production. Stringent quality management practices are required to ensure consistency in the quality and organoleptic properties of the rum from batch to batch. Further research is required to fully understand the influences of many of these variables on the final quality of the rum produced.

scholarly journals Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) Emitted from Coated Furniture Units

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 806
Author(s):  
Ozge Cemiloglu Ulker ◽  
Onur Ulker ◽  
Salim Hiziroglu
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Exposure Period ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Health Concerns ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Significant Health

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are the main source influencing the overall air quality of an environment. It is a well-known fact that coated furniture units, in the form of paints and varnishes, emit VOCs, reducing the air quality and resulting in significant health problems. Exposure time to such compounds is also an important parameter regarding their possible health effects. Such issues also have a greater influence when the exposure period is extended. The main objective of this study was to review some of the important factors for the emission of VOCs from coated furniture, from the perspective of material characteristics, as well as health concerns. Some methods for controlling VOC emissions to improve indoor air quality, from the point of view recent regulations and suggestions, are also presented in this work.

scholarly journals Phytochemical changes in mango fruit in response to Alternaria alternata infection

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 227-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiao Li ◽  
Liangang Mao ◽  
Yanning Zhang ◽  
Lan Zhang ◽  
Hongyun Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Alternaria Alternata ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Phenylalanine Ammonia Lyase ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Mango Fruit ◽  
Malondialdehyde Content

Changes in mango fruit quality, malondialdehyde content, and enzymatic activities in response to pathogen Alternaria alternata infection were studied. A. alternata significantly affected the appearance of mango fruit at 5 and 7 days after treatment (DAT). The quality of pathogen-infected fruit first showed a significant decrease in titratable acidity and vitamin C content and a significant increase in pH since 3 DAT. The malondialdehyde content was higher than that in the untreated controls at 3 and 7 DAT. The enzyme activities of ascorbate peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase showed significant increases since 3 DAT. Significant increases in l-phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and superoxide dismutase activities were observed at 7 DAT. These results indicate that A. alternata infection first significantly affects some biochemical constituents and enzyme activities in mango fruit since 3 DAT and that there was no significant effect on appearance until 5 DAT.

scholarly journals Pre-Harvest Treatment of Chitosan Oligosaccharides Improved Strawberry Fruit Quality

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 2194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanqiu He ◽  
Santosh Bose ◽  
Wenxia Wang ◽  
Xiaochen Jia ◽  
Hang Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Plant Immunity ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Chitosan Oligosaccharide ◽  
Uniform Size ◽  
Chitosan Oligosaccharides ◽  
Soluble Solid ◽  
Regulated Gene Expression

Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS), derived through hydrolysis of chitosan, has been proved to be an effective plant immunity elicitor, eco-friendly, and easily soluble in water, and influenced several secondary metabolites content to improve fruit qualities. COS are widely used in agriculture to improve the defense response in plants. The purpose of this study was to investigate the pre-harvest treatment effect of COS on the quality of strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa cv.qingxiang). COS was dissolved in distilled water at a concentration of 50 mg·L−1 and sprayed at four different growth stages of strawberry plants, namely seedling stage, before flowering, fruit coloring (the stage of fruit from white to red) and full bloom. Uniform size, shape, color, without any visible damage, and disease-free fruits were harvested for determining the quality. The results showed that the fruit firmness, viscosity, lignin, sugars, protein, total soluble solid, and titratable acidity content increased in COS-treated fruits compared to control. In addition, COS pre-harvest treatment had a positive effect on anthocyanin, total phenol, flavonoid, vitamin C content and DPPH(2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) scavenging activity of strawberry. Moreover, COS also increased the cell wall composition and regulated gene expression of some important enzymes involved in ethylene compound biosynthesis and cell wall degradation. The finding of this study suggests that pre-harvest application of COS is very useful for improving quality and antioxidant capacity of strawberry.

scholarly journals Impact of High-Pressure Homogenization Parameters on Physicochemical Characteristics, Bioactive Compounds Content, and Antioxidant Capacity of Blackcurrant Juice

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 1802
Author(s):  
Bartosz Kruszewski ◽  
Katarzyna Zawada ◽  
Piotr Karpiński
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Food Preservation ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
High Pressure Homogenization

High-pressure homogenization (HPH) is one of the food-processing methods being tested for use in food preservation as an alternative to pasteurization. The effects of the HPH process on food can vary depending on the process parameters used and product characteristics. The study aimed to investigate the effect of pressure, the number of passes, and the inlet temperature of HPH processing on the quality of cloudy blackcurrant juice as an example of food rich in bioactive compounds. For this purpose, the HPH treatment (pressure of 50, 150, and 220 MPa; one, three, and five passes; inlet temperature at 4 and 20 °C) and the pasteurization of the juice were performed. Titratable acidity, pH, turbidity, anthocyanin, vitamin C, and total phenolics content, as well as colour, and antioxidant activity were measured. Heat treatment significantly decreased the quality of the juice. For processing of the juice, the best were the combinations of the following: one pass, the inlet temperature of 4 °C, any of the used pressures (50, 150, and 220 MPa); and one pass, the inlet temperature of 20 °C, and the pressure of 150 MPa. Vitamin C and anthocyanin degradation have been reported during the HPH. The multiple passes of the juice through the machine were only beneficial in increasing the antioxidant capacity but negatively affected the colour stability.

scholarly journals The Role of Self-Management Practices as Mechanisms for Re-Establishing Normality in Cancer Survivors

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 520-533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Henshall ◽  
Sheila Greenfield ◽  
Nicola Gale
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Use Of Self ◽  
Lifestyle Activities ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Static Concept

This article explores the relationship between cancer survivors’ use of self-management practices and their search for normality. Using Frank’s illness narratives and other theoretical literature on normality in chronic illness, it draws on findings from a qualitative study to explore different ways cancer survivors use self-management practices to re-establish normality in their lives post-cancer. The findings suggest that “normality” represents different things to cancer survivors. We suggest that normality in survivorship is not a static concept but is fluid, and at certain times, cancer survivors may display some or all of these different versions of normality. The findings show that self-management practices can help cancer survivors experiment with different health and lifestyle processes to help support their “normal” daily lifestyle activities, quality of life, and well-being.

Yield and quality of sage herb (Salvia officinalisL.) from organic cultivation

2014 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Seidler-Łożykowska ◽  
R. Mordalski ◽  
D. Król ◽  
J. Bocianowski ◽  
E. Karpińska
Keyword(s):  
Organic Cultivation ◽  
Yield And Quality
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