Behavioral and Neurochemical Shifts at the Hippocampus and Frontal Cortex Are Associated to Peripheral Inflammation in Balb/c Mice Infected with Brucella abortus 2308

Brucellosis is a zoonosis affecting 50,000,000 people annually. Most patients progress to a chronic phase of the disease in which neuropsychiatric symptoms upsurge. The biological processes underlying the progression of these symptoms are yet unclear. Peripheral inflammation mounted against Brucella may condition neurochemical shifts and hence unchained neuropsychiatric disorders. Our work aimed at establishing whether neurological, behavioral, and neurochemical disarrays are circumstantially linked to peripheral inflammation uprise secondary to Brucella abortus 2308 infections. We then evaluated, in control and Brucella-infected mice, skeletal muscle strength, movement coordination, and balance and motivation, as well as dopamine, epinephrine, norepinephrine, and serotonin availability in the cerebellum, frontal cortex, and hippocampus. Serum levels of proinflammatory cytokines and corticosterone in vehicle-injected and -infected mice were also estimated. All estimates were gathered at the infection acute and chronic phases. Our results showed that infected mice displayed motor disabilities, muscular weakness, and reduced motivation correlated with neurochemical and peripheral immunological disturbances that tended to decrease after 21 days of infection. The present observations support that disturbed peripheral inflammation and the related neurochemical disruption might lead to mood disorders in infected mice. Future experiments must be aimed at establishing causal links and to explore whether similar concepts might explain neurological and mood disorders in humans affected by brucellosis.

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Longitudinal assessment of S100B serum levels and clinical factors in youth patients with mood disorders

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-91577-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Aleksandra Rajewska-Rager ◽

Monika Dmitrzak-Weglarz ◽

Pawel Kapelski ◽

Natalia Lepczynska ◽

Joanna Pawlak ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mood Disorders ◽

Calcium Binding ◽

Clinical Symptoms ◽

Small Sample Size ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Small Sample ◽

Drop Out ◽

Control Group ◽

Longitudinal Assessment ◽

Depressed Group

AbstractMood disorders have been discussed as being in relation to glial pathology. S100B is a calcium-binding protein, and a marker of glial dysfunctions. Although alterations in the S100B expression may play a role in various central nervous system diseases, there are no studies on the potential role of S100B in mood disorders in adolescents and young adults . In a prospective two-year follow-up study, peripheral levels of S100B were investigated in 79 adolescent/young adult patients (aged 14–24 years), diagnosed with mood disorders and compared with 31 healthy control subjects. A comprehensive clinical interview was conducted which focused on clinical symptoms and diagnosis change. The diagnosis was established and verified at each control visit. Serum S100B concentrations were determined. We detected: lower S100B levels in medicated patients, compared with those who were drug-free, and healthy controls; higher S100B levels in a depressed group with a family history of affective disorder; correlations between age and medication status; sex-dependent differences in S100B levels; and lack a of correlation between the severity of depressive or hypo/manic symptoms. The results of our study indicate that S100B might be a trait-dependent rather than a state-dependent marker. Due to the lack of such studies in the youth population, further research should be performed. A relatively small sample size, a lack of exact age-matched control group, a high drop-out rate.

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Nearly Lethal Resuscitated Suicide Attempters Have No Low Serum Levels of Cholesterol and Triglycerides

Psychological Reports ◽

10.2466/pr0.106.3.785-790 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 106 (3) ◽

pp. 785-790 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Maurizio Pompili ◽

David Lester ◽

Marco Innamorati ◽

Paolo Girardi ◽

Roberto Tatarelli

Keyword(s):

Suicide Attempt ◽

Mood Disorders ◽

Serum Cholesterol ◽

Suicide Risk ◽

Suicide Attempts ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Small Sample ◽

Major Depressive ◽

Lower Serum ◽

Lower Serum Cholesterol

To verify the hypothesis that suicide attempts are associated with lower serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels of patients with mood disorders, 26 patients with mood disorders (bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder) were admitted after a medically serious suicide attempt to the emergency department and then hospitalized in the psychiatric unit of the Sant'Andrea Hospital (Rome, Italy). Controls were 87 patients who had not made a recent suicide attempt. Attempters and nonattempters did not differ in the levels of serum cholesterol or triglycerides. Indeed, attempters had nonsignificantly higher serum levels of cholesterol and lower serum levels of triglycerides. The use of biologic indicators such as levels of serum cholesterol and triglycerides in the prediction of suicide risk in mood disorders was not fully supported from this small sample.

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OP0086 GENDER INFLUENCE ON CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS, DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS AND BRAIN-DERIVED NEUROTROPHIC FACTOR (BDNF) SERUM LEVELS IN PATIENTS AFFECTED BY FIBROMYALGIA

Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases ◽

10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.3326 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽

pp. 47.2-47

Author(s):

C. Gioia ◽

B. Lucchino ◽

C. Iannuccelli ◽

G. Dolcini ◽

M. DI Franco

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Serum Level ◽

Mood Disorders ◽

Neurotrophic Factor ◽

Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire ◽

Clinical Manifestations ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor ◽

Control Group ◽

Males And Females

Background:Fibromyalgia (FM) is a common rheumatic disease characterized by chronic widespread pain, sleep and mood disorders. A higher prevalence of FM in women compared with men is well known, although the specific differences in clinical manifestations related to gender are still poorly defined. Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) is an endogenous growth factor that gained attention for its potential as biomarker of several diseases, including FM and depression.Objectives:The aims of this study were to investigate gender-related difference among males and females affected by FM in clinical manifestations, depressive features and BDNF serum level, evaluating also the diagnostic potential of the latter.Methods:We consecutively enrolled adult patients affected by FM (ACR 2016) referring to our out-patient clinic. Each subject underwent clinical and answered to questionnaires for the severity of FM symptoms (Revised Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire, R-FIQ) and depressive symptoms (Beck Depression Inventory-II, BDI-II). We collected blood samples from a subgroup of patients of both sexes, matched for age, for BDNF serum level dosage through ELISA. BDNF levels were assessed also in a control group, matched for sex and age.Results:The cohort was composed by 201 FM patients (172 F, 29 M), mean age 49.13. Females showed higher values of R-FIQ total score (p=0,0005) as well the specific items of the R-FIQ for pain (p=0,013), fatigue (p=0,014), memory problems (p=0,007), tenderness to touch (p<0,0001), balance problems (p<0,0001) and sensitivity to environmental stimuli (p=0,012) when compared with males (fig. 1). There was no difference in BDI-II between males and females, but notably male patients reported a significantly higher frequency of coexisting depressive disorder (p=0,038) (fig. 2). Serum BDNF levels were evaluated in 40 FM patients and 40 healthy controls (HC) (F:M 1:1). BDNF levels were significantly lower in FM patients compared with HC (p<0,0001). Among FM patients, BDNF levels were lower in males compared with females (p<0,0001) (fig.3). BDNF did not correlate with any clinical and clinimetric parameter. BDNF showed a good diagnostic performance (AUC=0,89, CI95%=0,82-0,9630, p<0,0001) (fig. 4). At a cut-off value <6,47 ng/dl, BDNF showed a specificity of 75% and a sensibility of 92,31%,(CI 95%=79,68-97.35) for FM identification (LR=3,692).Conclusion:FM clinical manifestations are strongly dependant from gender. While females present a more severe disease and a higher burden of symptoms, mood disorders tend to be a major characteristic of males with FM. Reduced BDNF serum levels have been reported as typical of depressive disorders. Our findings of lower BDNF levels in male FM patients compared to females support this hypothesis. BDNF have potential as biomarker of the disease and should be validated in larger cohorts.References:[1]Sarzi-Puttini et al. Nature Reviews 2020[2]Colucci-D’Amato et al. Int J Molecular Sciences 2020[3]Nugraha et al. Rheumatol Int 2012[4]Schmitt et al. Ann Med 2016[5]Melchior et al. Neuroscience 2016[6]Stefani et al. Neuroscience Letters 2012Disclosure of Interests:None declared

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Depression-like state induced by low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation to ventral medial frontal cortex in monkeys

10.1101/2021.05.21.445094 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Shinya Nakamura ◽

Yodai Kishimoto ◽

Masaki Sekino ◽

Motoaki Nakamura ◽

Ken-Ichiro Tsutsui

Keyword(s):

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽

Frontal Cortex ◽

Mood Disorders ◽

Magnetic Stimulation ◽

Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽

Low Frequency ◽

The Other ◽

Medial Frontal Cortex ◽

Behavioral Activity ◽

Primate Model

The medial frontal cortex (MFC), especially its ventral part, has long been of great interest with respect to the pathology of mood disorders. A number of human brain imaging studies have demonstrated the abnormalities of this brain region in patients with mood disorders, however, whether it is critically involved in the pathogenesis of such disorders remains to be fully elucidated. In this study, we conducted a causal study to investigate how the suppression of neural activity in the ventral region of the MFC (vMFC) affects the behavioral and physiological states of monkeys by using repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). By using low-frequency rTMS (LF-rTMS) as an inhibitory intervention, we found that LF-rTMS targeting the vMFC induced a depression-like state in monkeys, which was characterized by a reduced spontaneous behavioral activity, increased plasma cortisol level, impaired sociability, and decreased motivation level. On the other hand, no such significant changes in behavioral and physiological states were observed when targeting the other MFC regions, dorsal or posterior. We further found that the administration of an antidepressant agent, ketamine, ameliorated the abnormal behavioral and physiological states induced by the LF-rTMS intervention. These findings indicate the causal involvement of the vMFC in the regulation of mood and affect and the validity of the LF-rTMS-induced dysfunction of the vMFC as a nonhuman primate model of the depression-like state.

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Elevated circulating levels of tumor necrosis factor predict unresponsiveness to treatment with interferon alfa-2b in chronic myelogenous leukemia.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.1992.10.4.631 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 631-634 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

F Herrmann ◽

S G Helfrich ◽

A Lindemann ◽

E Schleiermacher ◽

C Huber ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tumor Necrosis Factor ◽

Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia ◽

Tumor Necrosis ◽

Performance Status ◽

Chronic Phase ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Myelogenous Leukemia ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Circulating Levels ◽

Necrosis Factor

PURPOSE The study was undertaken to analyze circulating tumor necrosis factor (TNF) levels in patients with chronic-phase chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) undergoing interferon (IFN) alfa-2b therapy, and to correlate pretreatment serum levels of TNF with response to IFN alfa-2b therapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS Fourteen patients with CML in chronic phase were treated with recombinant human IFN alfa-2b for 7 to 39 months. RESULTS In eight patients IFN alfa-2b treatment failed due to lack of hematologic response. A complete or partial hematologic remission was achieved in the remaining six patients, of whom two patients experienced a complete cytogenetic response. Retrospective analysis of serum samples obtained from all patients before the onset of IFN alfa-2b administration revealed that levels (mean +/- SEM) of circulating TNF were higher (P less than .001) in the group of patients who did not respond to IFN alfa-2b treatment (157 +/- 15 U/mL) than in the responders (10.3 +/- 4 U/mL) or healthy control subjects (9.1 +/- 3 U/mL). However, there was no correlation between TNF serum levels and other patient characteristics at study enrollment including age, sex, duration of disease, performance status, splenomegaly, WBC count, platelet count, hemoglobin value, prior therapy, and prognostic category. CONCLUSION These findings indicate that circulating levels of TNF are increased in a subset of patients with chronic-phase CML and that this elevation is associated with poor response to IFN alfa-2b therapy.

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Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Fahr's Syndrome

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.1040 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 41 (S1) ◽

pp. S634-S634

Author(s):

A. Lopes ◽

R. Trindade ◽

A. Barcelos

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Basal Ganglia ◽

Mood Disorders ◽

Movement Disorders ◽

Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽

Obsessive Compulsive ◽

Fahr’S Syndrome ◽

Personality Dysfunction ◽

Competing Interest ◽

Clinical Pictures

Objectives and methodologyTo review the neuropsychiatric symptoms of Fahr's syndrome.Results/discussionFahr's Syndrome is a rare degenerative neuropsychiatric condition, characterized by bilateral and symmetrical calcifications of the basal ganglia. It can be associated with several metabolic, infectious or genetic conditions. It is clinically manifested by movement disorders, psychosis, cognitive impairment, mood disorders, personality dysfunction or obsessive-compulsive spectrum disturbances. First presentation can be psychiatric in approximately 40% of the cases. Cognitive dysfunction, mood disorders and psychosis are the most common presentations. In the present case, depression, dementia and movement disorders were the main clinical pictures. This report alerts for the significance of neuropsychiatric symptoms within this diagnosis, considering the multisystemic approach of the illness.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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Elevated Serum Levels of Homocysteine as an Early Prognostic Factor of Psychiatric Disorders in Children and Adolescents

Schizophrenia Research and Treatment ◽

10.1155/2012/373261 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Laura Kevere ◽

Santa Purvina ◽

Daiga Bauze ◽

Marcis Zeibarts ◽

Raisa Andrezina ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mood Disorders ◽

Affective Disorders ◽

High Performance ◽

Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase ◽

Paranoid Schizophrenia ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Elevated Serum ◽

Serum Levels ◽

C677t Polymorphism ◽

Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders

Background and Goal. The aim was to examine the serum levels of homocysteine (Hcy) and their associations with the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene C677T polymorphism in patients with schizophrenia and mood disorders as well as controls.Materials and Methods. There were 198 patients: 82 with schizophrenia spectrum disorders, 22 with mood disorders, and 94 controls. The level of Hcy was determined by an isocratic high-performance liquid chromatography system.MTHFRC677T polymorphism was analysed using the restriction fragment length polymorphism-polymerase chain reaction method.Results. The average level of Hcy was11.94±5.6 μmol/L for patients with schizophrenia,11.65±3.3 μmol/L for patients with affective disorders, versus6.80±2.93 μmol/L in a control. The highest level of Hcy has been observed in patients with episodic-recurrent course of schizophrenia (11.30±7.74 μmol/L), paranoid schizophrenia continuous (12.76±5.25 μmol/L), and in patients with affective disorders (11.65±3.26 μmol/L). An association between theMTHFRgene C677T polymorphism and Hcy level was found by linear regression analysis (r=1.41,P=0.029).Conclusions. The data indicate a link between Hcy levels and schizophrenia and mood disorders. No associations between the level of Hcy in patients with schizophrenia and mood disorders and theMTHFRC677T polymorphism were found.

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Oral Presentation VII

World Journal of Endocrine Surgery ◽

10.5005/wjoes-8-1-40 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 40-46

Author(s):

Yoshihiro Tominaga ◽

Manabu Okada ◽

Takayuki Yamamoto ◽

Takahisa Hiramitsu

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Chronic Kidney Disease ◽

Elderly Patients ◽

Daily Living ◽

Birth Rate ◽

Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Old People ◽

Postoperative Course

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND AND AIMS The number of elderly patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) has been increasing as a result of declining birth rate and aging population in Japan. The safety and effectiveness of surgical treatment in old people with PHPT are still contentious. METHODS We retrospectively investigated the characteristics and postoperative course in 55 patients over 70 years of age who underwent parathyroidectomy (PTX) for PHPT at our institution from February 1988 to May 2015. RESULTS Forty-four of the 55 patients had comorbidities such as hypertension, diabetes, and so on. In all the cases, PTX was successfully performed and the serum levels of parathyroid hormone and calcium lowered. Neuropsychiatric symptoms also improved in 14 patients after PTX. Except two cases, no severe complication occurred after PTX: one developed aspiration pneumonitis and one needed hemodialysis for acute exacerbation in chronic kidney disease. CONCLUSION Active and appropriate application of PTX might contribute to improvements in the activities of daily living and quality of life in elderly patients with PHPT.

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