scholarly journals Novel Biobased Textile Fiber from Colombian Agro-Industrial Waste Fiber

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (10) ◽  
pp. 2640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Amaya Vergara ◽  
Melissa Cortés Gómez ◽  
Maria Restrepo Restrepo ◽  
Jorge Manrique Henao ◽  
Miguel Pereira Soto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Textile Industry ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Degree Of Polymerization ◽  
Cellulose Content ◽  
Short Fibers ◽  
Cellulose Pulp ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Fique Fibers ◽  
Regenerated Fibers ◽  
Long Fibers

Fique fibers, native to Colombia, are traditionally used for ropes and bags. In the extraction of long fibers for these purposes, the same amount of short fibers is generated; the short fibers are then discarded in the soil or in landfills. This agro-industrial waste is cellulose-rich and can be potentially developed into new biobased products. As an alternative use for these fibers, viscose regenerated fibers with potential applications in the textile industry were developed. Fique waste fibers were pulped (to produce fique cellulose pulp, FCP) using a 33 design of experiment (DOE) to adjust the variables of the whitening treatment, and DOE analysis showed that time and hydrogen peroxide concentration do not have a significant effect on non-cellulosic remotion, unlike temperature. The behavior of this pulp in the production of viscose was compared against that of commercially available wood cellulose pulp (WCP). FCP showed a suitable cellulose content with a high degree of polymerization, which makes it a viable pulp for producing discontinuous viscose rayon filaments. Both pulps showed the same performance in the production of the viscose dope and the same chemical, thermal, and mechanical behavior after being regenerated.

scholarly journals Mechanical Properties of Short Polymer Fiber-Reinforced Geopolymer Composites

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kinga Korniejenko ◽  
Wei-Ting Lin ◽  
Hana Šimonová
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Polymer Fiber ◽  
Short Fibers ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Fiber Reinforcements ◽  
New Material ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Long Fibers ◽  
Geopolymer Composites

The article describes the state of the art in reinforced geopolymers, taking into consideration various types of polymer fiber reinforcements, such as polypropylene, polyethylene, or polylactic acid. The description is focused on the usage of polymer short fibers and the mechanical properties of the geopolymer composites. However, to show a wider research background, numerous references are discussed concerning the selected studies on reinforcing geopolymer composites with long fibers and fabrics. The research method applied in the article is the critical analysis of literature sources, including a comparison of new material with other materials used in similar applications. The results of the research are discussed in a comparative context and the properties of the composites are juxtaposed with the properties of the standard materials used in the construction industry. Potential applications in the construction industry are presented. Moreover, the contemporary research challenges for geopolymer materials reinforced with fibers are presented.

Properties and Applications of Modified Bacterial Cellulose-Based Materials

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Munair Badshah ◽  
Hanif Ullah ◽  
Fazli Wahid ◽  
Taous Khan
Keyword(s):  
Surface Modification ◽  
Bacterial Cellulose ◽  
Degree Of Polymerization ◽  
Biomedical Science ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Ideal Candidate ◽  
Fibrous Network ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Surface Modification Techniques

Background: Bacterial cellulose (BC) is purest form of cellulose as it is free from pactin, lignin, hemicellulose and other active constituents associated with cellulose derived from plant sources. High biocompatibility and easy molding into desired shape make BC an ideal candidate for applications in biomedical field such as tissue engineering, wound healing and bone regeneration. In addition to this, BC has been widely studied for applications in the delivery of proteins and drugs in various forms via different routes. However, BC lacks therapeutic properties and resistance to free movement of small molecules i.e., gases and solvents. Therefore, modification of BC is required to meet the research ad market demand. Methods: We have searched the updated data relevant to as-synthesized and modified BC, properties and applications in various fields using Web of science, Science direct, Google and PubMed. Results: As-synthesized BC possesses properties such as high crystallinity, well organized fibrous network, higher degree of polymerization, and ability of being produced in swollen form. The large surface area with abundance of free accessible hydroxyl groups makes BC an ideal candidate for carrying out surface functionalization to enhance its features. The various reported surface modification techniques including, but not limited to, are amination, methylation and acetylation. Conclusion: In this review, we have highlighted various approaches made for BC surface modification. We have also reported enhancement in the properties of modified BC and potential applications in different fields ranging from biomedical science to drug delivery and paper-making to various electronic devices.

Graphene nanocomposites: A review on processes, properties, and applications

2021 ◽  
pp. 152808372110242
Author(s):  
Kadir Bilisik ◽  
Mahmuda Akter
Keyword(s):  
Textile Industry ◽  
In Situ Polymerization ◽  
Resin Transfer Molding ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Graphene Nanocomposites ◽  
Transfer Molding ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Nano Graphene

In this paper, graphene, graphene/matrix, and graphene/fiber nanocomposites, including their synthesis process, fabrication, properties, and potential applications, were reviewed. It was found that several synthesis techniques for nanographene were developed, such as liquid-phase exfoliation and chemical vapor deposition. In addition, some fabrication processes of graphene/matrix and graphene/fiber-based nanocomposites were made, including in-situ polymerization, nanostitching in that single layer nano graphene plate could be interconnected by means of carbon nanotube stitching, resin transfer molding, and vacuum-assisted resin transfer molding. Several properties, including mechanical, thermal, and electrical, on the graphene nanoplatelets materials were summarized in this review paper. It was realized that graphene, graphene/matrix, and graphene/fiber nanocomposites have extraordinary mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties used in advanced engineering applications, including soft robotics, microelectronics, energy storage, biomedical and biosensors as well as textile industry.

Influence of Nano Silica Coating on the Functional Properties of Cotton Fabrics

2009 ◽  
Vol 67 ◽  
pp. 149-154
Author(s):  
K. Sasipriya ◽  
N. Gobi ◽  
R. Palanivelu ◽  
T.V. Ramachandran ◽  
V. Rajendran
Keyword(s):  
Textile Industry ◽  
Silica Coating ◽  
Cotton Fabrics ◽  
Air Permeability ◽  
Wall Material ◽  
Nano Silica ◽  
Chemical Route ◽  
Wrinkle Resistance ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Nanosilica Particles

Coating of nanoparticles on fabrics provides huge potential applications in textile industry. The microencapsulation process is used to encapsulate the nanosilica particles which is used to coat on the surface of fabrics and to observe the special properties such as anti-bacterial, wrinkle resistance, etc. The amorphous nano silica particles were prepared from the natural resources through chemical route. The encapsulated nano silica was prepared using sodium alginate as a wall material by the coacervation method. The prepared sample was coated on the surface of the fabrics by pad-dry-cure method. The anti-bacterial studies were carried out for the nano silica coated and uncoated fabrics and the results would demonstrate the antibacterial effectiveness of treated cotton fabrics. The basic properties like tensile strength, tear strength, air permeability, crease recovery and whiteness index have been analysed for the coated and uncoated fabrics.

Anaerobic treatment of residual lemon pulp in digesters with semi-continuous feed

2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 514-520
Author(s):  
A. R. Navarro ◽  
Z. Lopez ◽  
J. Salguero ◽  
M. C. Maldonado
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Comparative Tests ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
The North ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Continuous Feed

Lemon growing areas in the north of Argentina have industries that produce concentrated juice, peel and essential oil and generate a significant amount of liquid and solid waste as lemon pulp. In Argentina, despite the potential applications that the pulp has as animal feed and human and industrial raw material, only 10% is used for these purposes and the rest is discarded into the environment causing many ecological and economic problems. There is little information in the literature on biotechnologies for the treatment of this industrial waste. This paper shows that lemon pulp is a suitable substrate to be treated by anaerobic digestion. We obtained 86 and 92% reduction of chemical oxygen demand in a digester with a semi-continuous feed and retention time of 10 and 20 days respectively and a productivity of 0.406 g CH4/g VS h. Comparative tests showed that pre-digesting the pulp improved the process of digestion and increased biogas generation by 20%.

Evaluation of post-consumer cellulosic textile waste for chemical recycling based on cellulose degree of polymerization and molar mass distribution

2019 ◽  
Vol 89 (23-24) ◽  
pp. 5067-5075 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena Wedin ◽  
Marta Lopes ◽  
Herbert Sixta ◽  
Michael Hummel
Keyword(s):  
End Of Life ◽  
Intrinsic Viscosity ◽  
Mass Distribution ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Molar Mass ◽  
Degree Of Polymerization ◽  
Molar Mass Distribution ◽  
Chemical Recycling ◽  
Cellulose Content ◽  
Cellulosic Textiles

The aim of this study is to improve the understanding of which end-of-life cellulosic textiles can be used for chemical recycling according to their composition, wear life and laundering—domestic versus service sector. For that purpose, end-of-life textiles were generated through laboratorial laundering of virgin fabrics under domestic and industrial conditions, and the cellulose content and its intrinsic viscosity and molar mass distribution were measured in all samples after two, 10, 20, and 50 laundering cycles. Results presented herein also address the knowledge gap concerning polymer properties of end-of-life man-made cellulosic fabrics—viscose and Lyocell. The results show that post-consumer textiles from the home consumer sector, using domestic laundering, can be assumed to have a similar, or only slightly lower, degree of polymerization than the virgin textiles (−15%). Post-consumer textiles from the service sector, using industrial laundering, can be assumed to have a substantially lower degree of polymerization. An approximate decrease of up to 80% of the original degree of polymerization can be expected when they are worn out. A higher relative decrease for cotton than man-made cellulosic textiles is expected. Furthermore, in these laboratorial laundering trials, no evidence evolved that the cellulose content in blended polyester fabrics would be significantly affected by domestic or industrial laundering. With respect to molar mass distribution, domestic post-consumer cotton waste seems to be the most suitable feedstock for chemical textile recycling using Lyocell-type processes, although a pre-treatment step might be required to remove contaminants and lower the intrinsic viscosity to 400–500 ml/g.

scholarly journals Biotechnology-Derived Chitosans with Non-Random Patterns of Acetylation Differ from Conventional Chitosans in Their Properties and Activities

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasper Wattjes ◽  
Sruthi Sreekumar ◽  
Anna Niehues ◽  
Tamara Mengoni ◽  
Ana Carina Loureiro Mendes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Degree Of Polymerization ◽  
Natural Process ◽  
Solution Properties ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Random Patterns

Chitosans are versatile biopolymers with multiple biological activities and potential applications. They are linear copolymers of glucosamine and N-acetylglucosamine defined by their degree of polymerization (DP), fraction of acetylation (<i>F<sub>A</sub></i>), and pattern of acetylation (PA). Technical chitosans produced chemically from chitin possess defined DP and FA but random PA, while enzymatically produced natural chitosans are likely to have non-random PA. This natural process has not been replicated using biotechnology because chitin de-N-acetylases do not efficiently deacetylate crystalline chitin. Here, we show that such enzymes can partially N-acetylate polyglucosamine in the presence of excess acetate, yielding chitosans with <i>F<sub>A</sub></i> up to 0.7 and an enzyme-dependent non-random PA. The biotech chitosans differ from technical chitosans both in terms of physicochemical and nanoscale solution properties and biological activities. As with synthetic block co-polymers, controlling the distribution of building blocks within the biopolymer chain will open a new dimension of chitosan research and exploitation.

Potential applications of silk sericin, a natural protein from textile industry by-products

2011 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 217-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pornanong Aramwit ◽  
Tippawan Siritientong ◽  
Teerapol Srichana
Keyword(s):  
Textile Industry ◽  
Silk Sericin ◽  
Natural Protein ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
By Products

Utilization of Powdered Cassava Stem as an Alternative Bioadsorbent for Lead (Pb2+) Removal from Aqueous Solution

2021 ◽  
Vol 1033 ◽  
pp. 82-86
Author(s):  
Tintin Mutiara ◽  
Andira Budi Trimartina ◽  
Rafika Erniza Putri ◽  
Achmad Chafidz
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Cellulose Content ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Adsorption Method ◽  
Cassava Stem ◽  
Mesh Sieve

Industrial waste containing heavy metals can pollute the aquatic environment. One method that can be done to manage heavy waste is the adsorption method that uses adsorbent from cassava stem powder. This research was conducted to utilize cassava stem powder waste for the adsorption of Pb2 + metal ions. Cassava stem powder was mashed until it passed 100 mesh sieve. Cassava stems have a cellulose content of 70-80%, lignin 15-20%, ADF 15-20% and cellulose can be used as an absorber of heavy metals. The adsorption process is carried out with variations in pH, time and concentration under optimum conditions. In this adsorption involves the functional groups contained therein so that the interaction between the adsorbent with the metal ion Pb2 +. Based on the research, the optimum conditions were obtained at pH 6, 180 minutes contact time and 50 ppm concentration. This test is carried out using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS).

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