scholarly journals Physicochemical and Microstructural Properties of Polymerized Whey Protein Encapsulated 3,3′-Diindolylmethane Nanoparticles

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 702 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abbas Khan ◽  
Cuina Wang ◽  
Xiaomeng Sun ◽  
Adam Killpartrick ◽  
Mingruo Guo
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Whey Protein ◽  
Surface Shape ◽  
Core Material ◽  
Microstructural Properties ◽  
Brussels Sprouts ◽  
Mean Particle Size ◽  
Mass Ratios ◽  
Repulsive Forces

The fat-soluble antioxidant 3,3′-diindolylmethane (DIM), is a natural phytochemical found in Brassica vegetables, such as cabbage, broccoli, and Brussels sprouts. The stability of this compound is a major challenge for its applications. Polymerized whey protein (PWP)-based DIM nanoparticles were prepared at different mass ratios of protein and DIM by mixing PWP and DIM followed by ultrasound treatment for 4 min. All the nanoparticles were studied for particle size, zeta potential, rheological and microstructural properties, and storage stability. The mean particle size of the PWP-based nanoparticles was significantly increased (p < 0.05) by the addition of DIM at different mass ratios, ranging from 241.33 ± 14.82 to 270.57 ± 15.28 nm. Zeta potential values of all nanoparticles were highly negative (greater than ±30 mV), suggesting a stable solution due its electrostatic repulsive forces. All samples exhibited shear thinning behavior (n < 1), fitted with Sisko model (R2 > 0.997). Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR)spectra revealed that the secondary structure was changed and the absorption intensity for hydrogen bonding got stronger by further incorporating DIM into PWP. Transmission electronic microscopy (TEM) images showed spherical and smooth surface shape of the PWP-based nanoparticles. DIM encapsulated by PWP showed enhanced stability at 4, 37 and 55 °C for 15 days evidenced by changes in mean particle size and color (a*-value and b*-value) compared with control (DIM only). In conclusion, the polymerized whey protein based 3,3′-diindolylmethane nanoparticles are stable and the encapsulation may protect the core material from oxidation.

scholarly journals FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF CURCUMIN LOADED LIPOSOME AND ITS BIO-ENHANCEMENT

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4-A) ◽  
pp. 425-437
Author(s):  
Khushboo Verma ◽  
Jhakeshwar Prasad ◽  
Suman Saha ◽  
Surabhi Sahu
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Zeta Potential ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Encapsulation Efficiency ◽  
Mean Particle Size ◽  
Liposome Formulation

The aim of this work was to develop and evaluate curcumin loaded liposome and its bio- enhancement. Curcumin was selected as a natural drug for liposome formulation. Curcumin show variety of biological activity but it also shows poor bioavailability due to low aqueous solubility (1 µg/ml), poor absorption and rapid metabolism so that piperine was selected as bio enhancer to improve curcumin bioavailability. Soy lecithin and cholesterol were used to prepared curcumin and curcumin-piperine loaded liposome at different ratio by thin film hydration method because of easy to perform, and high encapsulation rates of lipid. The all liposome formulations (F1-F5) were evaluated by mean particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency and drug release. Bioavailability was also determined on rat. Blood samples were collected at specific intervals, and plasma was separated by ultracentrifugation. Plasma was analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography at 425 nm taking acetonitrile: water (75:25 v/v) acidified with 2% acetic acid as a mobile phase at a flow rate of 0.5 ml/min using C18 column. The mean particle size was found in the range between 800-1100 that indicate liposome are large unilamellar vesical types. By zeta potential study its conform that the all formulation was stable. The encapsulation efficiency of all liposome formulation are varied between 59-67%. In vitro drug release was analyse in 7.4 pH phosphate buffer, the maximum %CDR observed at the 12 hrs., and formulation are follow sustained release thus they reduce metabolism, good absorption rate which improve bioavailability of drug. From in-vivo study, it is clear that curcumin-piperine liposomal formulation, increases Cmax, area under the curve, and mean residence time significantly as compared to pure curcumin and pure curcumin liposome. Keywords: liposome; Curcumin; Piperine, Thin film hydration method; Bioavailability

scholarly journals Comparative Study on Inhibition of Pancreatic Cancer Cells by Resveratrol Gold Nanoparticles and a Resveratrol Nanoemulsion Prepared from Grape Skin

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 1871
Author(s):  
Baskaran Stephen Inbaraj ◽  
Leng-Huei Hua ◽  
Bing-Huei Chen
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Surface Plasmon Resonance Peak ◽  
Grape Skin ◽  
Plasmon Resonance Peak ◽  
Mean Particle Size ◽  
Pancreatic Cancer Cells

Resveratrol, a phenolic compound possessing vital biological activities such as anti-cancer, is present abundantly in grape skin, a waste produced during the processing of grape juice. The objectives of this study were to prepare resveratrol-gold nanoparticles and a resveratrol nanoemulsion from grape skin and study their inhibition effects on pancreatic cancer cells BxPC-3. The spherical-shaped citrate gold nanoparticles (GNPs) and resveratrol-gold nanoparticles (R-GNPs) were, respectively, prepared with a surface plasmon resonance peak at 528 and 538 nm, mean particle size of 20.8 and 11.9 nm, and zeta-potential at −32.7 and −66.7 mV, by controlling an appropriate concentration of citrate/resveratrol and gold chloride as well as stirring time and temperature. The resveratrol nanoemulsion, composed of soybean oil, Tween 80, and sucrose fatty acid ester in glycerol and water, possessed a high storage stability with a mean particle size of 14.1 nm, zeta-potential of −49.7 mV, and encapsulation efficiency of 95.5%. An antiproliferation study revealed that both R-GNPs and resveratrol nanoemulsion could effectively inhibit the growth of pancreatic cancer cells BxPC-3, with the latter showing a higher inhibition effect. Western blot analysis implied that both can down-regulate expressions of cyclin A, cyclin B, CDK1, and CDK2 and up-regulate expressions of p53 and p21, accompanied by enhancing cytochrome C expression, decreasing BcL-2 expression, increasing Bax expression, and leading to the elevation of caspase-8, caspase-9, and caspase-3 activities for cell apoptosis execution. Future research is needed to study the inhibition of pancreatic tumors in vivo by R-GNPs and resveratrol nanoemulsions.

Development of Lipid-Drug Conjugate Nanoparticles for Hydrophilic and Lipophilic Drug: A Comparative Ex vivo Gut and Caco-2 Cell Permeability Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arehalli Manjappa ◽  
Popat Kumbhar ◽  
John Disouza ◽  
Abhijeet D. Shete
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Stearic Acid ◽  
Oral Delivery ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Diffusion Mechanism ◽  
Cell Permeability ◽  
Permeability Characteristics ◽  
Drug Conjugate ◽  
Mean Particle Size

Background: The lipid-drug conjugate nanoparticles (LDC NPs), amongst other lipid-based nanoparticles, are the most accepted one for the oral delivery of both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs with poor bioavailability. Besides, the LDC NPs show altered physicochemical properties of the drug and has the potential applications in targeting the drug to a specific organ. Objective: To synthesize hydrophilic Valacyclovir (VACV)-stearic acid (SA) and lipophilic Acyclovir (ACV)-stearic acid conjugates (VACV-SAC and ACV-SAC), and develop their nanoparticles (VACV-LDC-NPs and ACV-LDC-NPs) for improved intestinal permeability. Methods: Both VACV-SAC and ACV-SAC were synthesized and confirmed using FTIR, NMR, and DSC techniques and characterized for assay. The lipid drug conjugate nanoparticles (LDC NPs) were prepared using cold high-pressure homogenization technique and characterized for drug content, mean particle size, zeta potential, ex vivo gut permeability using rat gut sac model, and Caco-2 cell permeability. Results: The FTIR, NMR, and DSC results confirmed the successful synthesis of LDCs. The assay of VACV-SAC and ACV-SAC is found to be 51.48±5.6% and 41.2±6.2% respectively. The VACV-LDC-NPs and ACV-LDC-NPs showed %EE of 99.10±6.71% and 86.84±5.32%, the mean particle size of 338.7±8nm and 251.3±7nm and zeta potential of -10.8±2.31mV and -11.2±3.52mV respectively. About 91±5.2% of VACV and 84±6.5% of ACV is found permeated across the rat intestine after 480 minutes from their respective NPs. Further, the VACV-LDC-NPs and ACV-LDC-NPs displayed significantly higher permeability coefficient (61.5×10-6 and 59.8×10-6 cm/s respectively) than their plain solutions. Conclusion: The obtained remarkable permeability characteristics indicate developed LDC NPs are the potential, promising and translational approaches for effective oral delivery of poorly bio-available hydrophilic and lipophilic drugs. Further, this approach may result in moderately to significantly enhanced oral bioavailability of hydrophilic drugs as the conjugation results in amphiphilic molecules which are further absorbed through different mechanisms across the intestinal mucosa (mainly through passive diffusion mechanism).

Rheological Study of Iron Oxide Reinforced by Ceramic Nanoparticles

2012 ◽  
Vol 727-728 ◽  
pp. 625-628
Author(s):  
L.E. Vieira ◽  
João B. Rodrigues Neto ◽  
Dachamir Hotza
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Stable Condition ◽  
Flow Curves ◽  
Rheological Study ◽  
Mean Particle Size ◽  
Stable Suspension ◽  
Ceramic Nanoparticles

The aim of this work is to produce a stable suspension of iron oxide reinforced by different ceramic nanoparticles like SiO2, TiO2. Measurements of mean particle size, zeta potential and flow curves have been done. Additionally deflocculation curves and sedimentation were drawn to complement the study. The results showed that nanoparticles helped suspensions to maintain a deflocculated stable condition for longer periods of time.

scholarly journals Resveratrol and Puerarin loaded polymeric nanoparticles to enhance the chemotherapeutic efficacy in spinal cord injury

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qimin Song ◽  
Wei Chen ◽  
Zongqin Zhao ◽  
Shuchao Zhao ◽  
Lizhong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Health Improvement ◽  
Mean Particle Size ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Nitrite Nitrate

Abstract Introduction:Spinal cord injury includes inflammation and apoptosis of neurons, which is difficult to cure by systemic drug administration. Administration of natural active compounds (resveratrol and also Puerarin) by advance drug delivery technology improves the patient’s conditions.Material and Methods: Oil-in-water emulsion method was utilized to prepare resveratrol as well as puerarin loaded PLGA nanoparticles. The nanoparticles were subjected to mean zeta potential, mean particle size, encapsulation efficiency as well as in vitro drug release studies. The biochemical parameters i.e. malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), advanced oxidation products (AOPP), catalase (CAT) and nitrite/nitrate levels were tested for the loaded nanoparticles. Reperfusion injury induced rats treated with 10 mg/kg resveratrol and puerarin loaded nanoparticles protects spine from ischemia injury and supports biological parameters.Results: The mean particle size varies from 238 nm to 274 nm and also particle size distribution was mono-dispersed (0.239 to 0.318). Zeta potential value of nanoparticles was observed to be -12.6 ± 2.1 mV. Optimized nanoparticles reveals 72% -79% of drug release over 36 h by diffusion mechanism. Significantly, lowers the levels of plasma nitrite/nitrate level as well as phosphorylation of p38MAPK pathways in reperfusion injury induced rats.Conclusion: The resveratrol and puerarin loaded nanoparticles decreases free radicals produced by reperfusion injury induced rats, as well as decrease of oxidative stress because of IRI. Resveratrol and puerarin loaded nanoparticles decreases GSH, SOD and CAT antioxidant level, which helps in overall health improvement of patients.

scholarly journals SOLID LIPID NANOPARTICLE: FABRICATED THROUGH NANOPRECIPITATION AND THEIR PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 144
Author(s):  
Arun Sharma ◽  
Vineet Mehta ◽  
Arun Parashar ◽  
Riddhi Patrwal ◽  
Udayabanu Malairaman
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Cold Temperature ◽  
Polydispersity Index ◽  
Mean Particle Size ◽  
Solid Lipid ◽  
Sem And Tem ◽  
Cytotoxicity Studies

<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Aim of the present study was to formulate solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) and to determine their physicochemical parameters when stored at cold temperature in aqueous solution (D-SLNs) prior to biological application.<strong></strong></p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>SLNs were formulated though nanoprecipitation technique which comprised of stearic acid (lipid), poloxamer 188 and lecithin (surfactant). Physicochemical parameters were estimated though particle size analysis, polydispersity index, surface morphology analysis (Scanning electron microscopy and Transmission electron microscopy<strong>)</strong> and cytotoxicity studies followed by live-dead staining through acridine orange and ethidium bromide.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>SLNs with spherical morphology were successfully fabricated as revealed though SEM and TEM investigations. Fabricated SLNs had the mean particle size ranging from 188 nm (SLNs) to 327 nm (D-SLNs). Zeta potential was found to be±14mV to±6mV and polydispersity index was 0.297±0.18 for SLNs without incubation and 0.538±0.07 for SLNs after incubation. No cytotoxicity was observed for SLNs.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SEM and TEM investigations showed morphological variation in SLNs and D-SLNs. Dissimilarity in mean particle size, zeta potential and polydispersity index indicates the increase in size and aggregation of nanoparticles. No cytotoxic effects of SLNs were observed in normal cells, suggesting storage of nanoformulation in the aqueous state has no effect in context to cytotoxicity. Hence we conclude that prolonged storage of formulation at cold temperature causes the deterioration of polymeric formulation.</p>

scholarly journals Fabrication of Biopolymer Based Nanoparticles for the Entrapment of Chromium and Iron Supplements

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 707
Author(s):  
Nishay Patel ◽  
Mohammed Gulrez Zariwala ◽  
Hisham Al-Obaidi
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Whey Protein ◽  
Iron Absorption ◽  
Oral Drug Delivery ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Protein Isolate ◽  
Oral Drug ◽  
Size Analysis

The objective of this study was to encapsulate iron and chromium into novel nanoparticles formulated using chitosan (CS), dextran sulfate (DS) and whey protein isolate (WPI) for oral drug delivery. Empty and loaded CS-DS nanoparticles were prepared via complex coacervation whilst whey protein nanocarriers were produced by a modified thermal processing method using chitosan. The physiochemical properties of the particles were characterized to determine the effects of formulation variables, including biopolymer ratio on particle size and zeta potential. Permeability studies were also undertaken on the most stable whey protein–iron nanoparticles by measuring Caco-2 ferritin formation. A particle size analysis revealed that the majority of samples were sub-micron sized, ranging from 420–2400 nm for CS-DS particles and 220–1000 nm for WPI-CS samples. As expected, a higher chitosan concentration conferred a 17% more positive zeta potential on chromium-entrapped WPI nanoparticles, whilst a higher dextran volume decreased the size of CS-DS nanoparticles by 32%. The addition of iron also caused a significant increase in size for all samples, as seen where the loaded WPI samples were 296 nm larger than the empty particles. Caco-2 iron absorption revealed that one formulation, which had the lowest particle size (226 ± 10 nm), caused a 64% greater iron absorption compared to the ferrous sulfate standard. This study describes, for the first time, the novel design of chromium- and iron-entrapped nanoparticles, which could act as novel systems for oral drug delivery.

Study of SMA as Protective Colloid on the MF-Resin Micro-Encapsulation

2013 ◽  
Vol 790 ◽  
pp. 542-545
Author(s):  
Zhao Hui Zhen ◽  
Cui Hua Dong
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Protective Colloid ◽  
Mean Particle Size ◽  
Stirring Rate ◽  
Encapsulation Process

The paper studied the effects of SMA as protective colloid on emulsification and micro-encapsulation process in the preparation of MF-resin microcapsules. The results indicated that pH value and the dosage of the SMA had important effects on zeta value and micro-encapsulation. The SMA dosage, emulsifying time and stirring rate influenced the capsule preparation, mean particle size and particle size distribution of microcapsules. The diameter became smaller with the increase of the amount of protective colloid. The applying amount of the SMA had an optimum value. The zeta potential just after emulsification was much larger than after reaction of MF in the preparation of microcapsules.

Incorporation of micro/nanoparticles of PCL with essential oil of Cymbopogon nardus in bacterial cellulose

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Aline Krindges ◽  
Vanusca Dalosto Jahno ◽  
Fernando Morisso
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Bacterial Cellulose ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Static Culture ◽  
Cymbopogon Nardus ◽  
Cellulose Membranes

Incorporation studies of particles in different substrates with herbal assets growing. The objective of this work was the preparation and characterization of micro/nanoparticles containing cymbopogon nardus essential oil; and the incorporation of them on bacterial cellulose. For the development of the membranes was used the static culture medium and for the preparation of micro/nanoparticles was used the nanoprecipitation methodology. The incorporation of micro/nanoparticles was performed on samples of bacterial cellulose in wet and dry form. For the characterization of micro/nanoparticles were carried out analysis of SEM, zeta potential and particle size. For the verification of the incorporation of particulate matter in cellulose, analyses were conducted of SEM and FTIR. The results showed that it is possible the production and incorporation of micro/nanoparticles containing essential oil in bacterial cellulose membranes in wet form with ethanol.

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