scholarly journals Targeted Hybrid Nanocarriers as a System Enhancing the Skin Structure

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 1063
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Lewińska ◽  
Marta Domżał-Kędzia ◽  
Kinga Kierul ◽  
Michał Bochynek ◽  
Dominika Pannert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Microbial Growth ◽  
Skin Condition ◽  
Vascular Lesions ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
Skin Structure ◽  
Irregular Shapes ◽  
Skin Discoloration ◽  
Skin Conditions

The skin is constantly exposed to external and internal factors that disturb its function. In this work, two nanosystems-levan nanoparticles and a surfactin-stabilized nanoemulsion were preserved (tested for microbial growth) and characterized (size, polydispersity, Zeta potential, and stability). The nanosystems were introduced in the model formulations-cream, tonic, and gel, and confirmed by TEM. The analysis showed that nanoemulsion has a spherical morphology and size 220–300 nm, while levan nanoparticles had irregular shapes independently of the use of matrix and with particle size (130–260 nm). Additionally, we examined the antiradical effect of levan nanoparticles and nanoemulsion in the prototype of formulations by scavenging DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl; EPR spectroscopy). The model cream with both nanosystems and the whole range of products with nanosystems were evaluated in vivo for hydration, elasticity, smoothness, wrinkles and vascular lesions, discoloration, respectively. The cream improved skin condition in all tested parameters in at least 50% of volunteers. The use of more comprehensive care, additionally consisting of a tonic and gel, reduced the previously existing skin discoloration to 10.42 ± 0.58%. The presented prototype formulations are promising in improving skin conditions.

Formulation and Evaluation of Nanosuspension of Simvastatin

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 2858-2873
Author(s):  
Rupali L. Shid ◽  
Shashikant N. Dhole ◽  
Nilesh Kulkarni ◽  
Santosh L Shid
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Factorial Design ◽  
Dissolution Rate ◽  
In Vitro Dissolution ◽  
Total Drug ◽  
23 Factorial Design ◽  
Rate Of Dissolution

Poor water solubility and slow dissolution rate are issues for the majority of upcoming and existing biologically active compounds. Simvastatin is poorly water-soluble drug and its bioavailability is very low from its crystalline form. The purpose of this study wasto increase the solubility and dissolution rate of simvastatin by the  preparation of nanosuspension by emulsification solvent diffusion method at laboratory scale. Prepared nanosus-pension was evaluated for its particle size and in vitro dissolution study and characterized by zeta potential,differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-Ray diffractometry (XRD), motic digital microscopy, entrapment efficiency, total drug content, saturated solubility study and in vivo study. A 23 factorial design was employed to study the effect of independent variables, amount of SLS (X1), amount of PVPK-30 (X2) and poloxamer-188 (X3) and dependent variables are total drug content and polydispersity Index. The obtained results showed that particle size (nm) and rate of dissolution has been improved when nanosuspension prepared with the higherconcentration of PVPK-30 with the higher concentration of PVP K-30 and Poloxamer-188 and lower concentration of SLS. The particle size and zeta potential of optimized formulation was found to be 258.3 nm and 23.43. The rate of dissolution of the optimized nanosuspension was enhanced (90% in 60min), relative to plain simvastatin  (21% in 60 min), mainly due to the formation of nanosized particles. These results indicate the suitability of 23 factorial  design for preparation of simvastatin loaded nano-suspension significantly improved in vitro dissolution rate and thus possibly enhance fast onset of therapeutic drug effect. In vivo study shows increase in bioavailability in nanosuspension formulation than the plain simvastatin drug.

scholarly journals Investigating the Feasibility of Mefenamic Acid Nanosuspension for Pediatric Delivery: Preparation, Characterization, and Role of Excipients

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 574
Author(s):  
Nikhat Perween ◽  
Sultan Alshehri ◽  
T. S. Easwari ◽  
Vivek Verma ◽  
Md. Faiyazuddin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Mefenamic Acid ◽  
Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Aqueous Solubility ◽  
Oral Route ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Antisolvent Precipitation

Molecules with poor aqueous solubility are difficult to formulate using conventional approaches and are associated with many formulation delivery issues. To overcome these obstacles, nanosuspension technology can be one of the promising approaches. Hence, in this study, the feasibility of mefenamic acid (MA) oral nanosuspension was investigated for pediatric delivery by studying the role of excipients and optimizing the techniques. Nanosuspensions of MA were prepared by adopting an antisolvent precipitation method, followed by ultrasonication with varying concentrations of polymers, surfactants, and microfluidics. The prepared nanosuspensions were evaluated for particle size, morphology, and rheological measures. Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) with varying concentrations and different stabilizers including Tween® 80 and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SLS) were used to restrain the particle size growth of the developed nanosuspension. The optimized nanosuspension formula was stable for more than 3 weeks and showed a reduced particle size of 510 nm with a polydispersity index of 0.329. It was observed that the type and ratio of polymer stabilizers were responsive on the particle contour and dimension and stability. We have developed a biologically compatible oral nanoformulation for a first-in-class drug beautifully designed for pediatric delivery that will be progressed toward further in vivo enabling studies. Finally, the nanosuspension could be considered a promising carrier for pediatric delivery of MA through the oral route with enhanced biological impact.

scholarly journals Lightening Effect of Skin Lightening Cream Containing Piper betle L. Extract in Human Volunteers

Cosmetics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Sharifah Shakirah Syed Omar ◽  
Hazrina Hadi ◽  
Nadzira Mohd Hanif ◽  
Hawa Mas Azmar Ahmad ◽  
Shiow-Fern Ng
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Skin Barrier ◽  
Skin Tone ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Piper Betle ◽  
Melanin Content ◽  
Skin Lightening

Hyperpigmentation affects people globally with negative psychological impacts. Piper betle L. leaf (PBL) extract has many benefits including skin lightening which may reduce hyperpigmentation. The objective of this study was to develop an effective skin-lightening cream containing PBL with ideal characteristics. A formulation of base cream and PBL cream was prepared and characterized by centrifugation, particle size and zeta potential analysis, rheological profile studies and physical properties’ observation. In vivo studies on 30 human subjects tested the effects of base and PBL cream on skin-lightening, hydration, trans-epidermal water loss (TEWL) and elasticity through weekly tests 4 weeks in duration. Base and PBL creams had a non-Newtonian property with acceptable color, odor, texture, zeta potential, particle size and showed no phase separation. The in vivo study indicated a significant reduction in melanin content and an improvement in skin tone for PBL cream but not in base cream. TEWL and elasticity also showed significant reduction for both formulations, indicating a healthier skin barrier and supple skin with consistent use, although hydration fluctuated with no significant changes. The developed PBL cream showed significant results in the reduction in melanin content and improving skin tone, which shows the formulation can confer skin-lightening effect.

scholarly journals In vitro and in vivo Evaluation of Ibuprofen Nanosuspensions for Enhanced Oral Bioavailability

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsen Hedaya ◽  
Farzana Bandarkar ◽  
Aly Nada
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Aqueous Solubility ◽  
In Vitro Dissolution ◽  
In Vivo Evaluation ◽  
Poorly Soluble ◽  
Extent Of Absorption ◽  
Better Than

Introduction: The objectives were to prepare, characterize and in vivo evaluate different ibuprofen (IBU) nanosuspensions prepared by ultra-homogenization, after oral administration to rabbits. Methods: The nanosuspensions produced by ultra-homogenization were tested and compared with a marketed IBU suspension for particle size, in vitro dissolution and in vivo absorption. Five groups of rabbits received orally 25 mg/kg of IBU nanosuspension, nanoparticles, unhomogenized suspension, marketed product and untreated suspension. A sixth group received 5 mg/kg IBU intravenously. Serial blood samples were obtained after IBU administration. Results: The formulated nanosuspensions showed significant decrease in particle size. Polyvinyl Pyrrolidone K30 (PP) was found to improve IBU aqueous solubility much better than the other tested polymers. Addition of Tween 80 (TW), in equal amount as PP (IBU: PP:TW, 1:2:2 w/w) resulted in much smaller particle size and better dissolution rate. The Cmax achieved were 14.8±1.64, 11.1±1.37, 9.01±0.761, 7.03±1.38 and 3.23±1.03 μg/ml and the tmax were 36±8.2, 39±8.2, 100±17.3, 112±15 and 105±17 min for the nanosuspension, nanoparticle, unhomogenized suspension, marketed IBU suspension and untreated IBU suspension in water, respectively. Bioavailability of the different formulations relative to the marketed suspension were the highest for nanosuspension> unhomogenized suspension> nanoparticles> untreated IBU suspension. Conclusion: IBU/PP/TW nanosuspensions showed enhanced in vitro dissolution as well as faster rate and higher extent of absorption as indicated from the higher Cmax, shorter tmax and larger AUC. The in vivo data supported the in vitro results. Nanosuspensions prepared by ultra-high-pressure-homogenization technique can be used as a good formulation strategy to enhance the rate and extent of absorption of poorly soluble drugs.

Multimodality imaging beyond CLEM: Showcases of combined in-vivo preclinical imaging and ex-vivo microscopy to detect murine mural vascular lesions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharina Keuenhof ◽  
Patrick Heimel ◽  
L.M. Zopf ◽  
Martin Raigel ◽  
Anna Turyanskaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Multimodality Imaging ◽  
Vascular Lesions ◽  
Preclinical Imaging

scholarly journals Ovarian Accumulation of Nanoemulsions: Impact of Mice Age and Particle Size

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (15) ◽  
pp. 8283
Author(s):  
Eike Folker Busmann ◽  
Julia Kollan ◽  
Karsten Mäder ◽  
Henrike Lucas
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Reticuloendothelial System ◽  
Systematic Investigation ◽  
Measured Signal ◽  
Reproductive Aging ◽  
Sex Steroid Hormone ◽  
Adult Mice ◽  
Radiant Efficiency

Nanotechnology in the field of drug delivery comes with great benefits due to the unique physicochemical properties of newly developed nanocarriers. However, they may come as well with severe toxicological side effects because of unwanted accumulation in organs outside of their targeted site of actions. Several studies showed an unintended accumulation of various nanocarriers in female sex organs, especially in the ovaries. Some led to inflammation, fibrosis, or decreasing follicle numbers. However, none of these studies investigated ovarian accumulation in context to both reproductive aging and particle size. Besides the influences of particle size, the biodistribution profile may be altered as well by reproductive aging because of reduced capacities of the reticuloendothelial system (RES), changes in sex steroid hormone levels as well as altering ovarian stromal blood flow. This systematic investigation of the biodistribution of intravenously (i.v) injected nanoemulsions revealed significant dependencies on the two parameters particle size and age starting from juvenile prepubescent to senescent mice. Using fluorescent in vivo and ex vivo imaging, prepubescent mice showed nearly no accumulation of nanoemulsion in their uteri and ovaries, but high accumulations in the organs of the RES liver and spleen independently of the particle size. In fertile adult mice, the accumulation increased significantly in the ovaries with an increased particle size of the nanoemulsions by nearly doubling the portion of the average radiant efficiency (PARE) to ~10% of the total measured signal of all excised organs. With reproductive aging and hence loss of fertility in senescent mice, the accumulation decreased again to moderate levels, again independently of the particle size. In conclusion, the ovarian accumulation of these nanocarriers depended on both the age plus the particle size during maturity.

scholarly journals 708 Application of a novel mSENS drug delivery technology for mRNA therapeutics

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (Suppl 3) ◽  
pp. A750-A750
Author(s):  
Sojin Lee ◽  
Joon Young Park ◽  
Goo-Young Kim ◽  
Sang Woo Jo ◽  
Minhyuk Yun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Cancer Vaccine ◽  
Encapsulation Efficiency ◽  
Tumor Model ◽  
Cell Responses ◽  
Delivery Platform ◽  
Mrna Therapeutics

BackgroundSuccessful clinical translation of mRNA therapeutics requires an appropriate delivery strategy to overcome instability of mRNA and facilitate cellular uptake into the cells.1 Several lipid based nanoparticle approaches that encapsulate mRNA, notably lipid nanoparticle (LNP), have been developed, but their efficiency for delivery to certain target tissues and toxicity profiles still have room for improvement. The application of a novel polymer based nanoparticle technology platform, so called Stability Enhanced Nano Shells (SENS) for mRNA (mSENS) as a mRNA delivery platform for a cancer vaccine was demonstrated.MethodsThe physicochemical properties of mSENS formulation, particle size and encapsulation efficiency, were characterized using dynamic light scattering (DLS) and gel retardation assay. Using luciferase-encoding mRNA, the protein expression levels in vitro and in vivo were evaluated by luciferase assay or bioluminescence imaging (BLI), respectively. For cancer vaccine studies, antigen (tyrosinase-related protein 2 (Trp-2))-specific T cell responses were assessed by immunophenotyping mouse splenocytes using flow cytometry and by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot (ELISPOT) assay. The anti-tumor efficacy was studied in B16F10 lung tumor model in C57BL/6 mice. Liver and systemic toxicity of mSENS treated mice was evaluated through blood chemistry and complete blood count (CBC) tests.ResultsA library of mSENS formulations complexed with luciferase-encoding mRNA, were characterized for their particle size, surface charge, encapsulation efficiency, colloidal stability, and in vitro and in vivo luciferase protein expression level. Upon systemic administration in mice, varying biodistribution profiles were observed, implicating the potential for tailored delivery to target tissues. Particularly, cancer vaccine application was further developed leveraging the formulation with preferential spleen delivery. Following vaccination with Trp-2 mRNA encapsulated with mSENS (Trp-2 mRNA-mSENS) in B16F10 tumor bearing mice, strong Trp-2 antigen-specific IFN-γ T-cell responses were observed. Generated anti-tumor immunity also marked suppression of B16F10 lung tumors were observed in Trp-2-mSENS immunized mice compared to non-immunized controls, demonstrating the potential of mSENS as a mRNA delivery platform for the application for vaccine.ConclusionsProprietary biodegradable polymer based-mSENS platform offers an attractive delivery strategy for mRNA by tailoring to specific therapeutic applications. Depending on the application, whether it’s a vaccine or protein replacement, a rationally designed mSENS formulation can efficiently distribute mRNA to specific tissues. In particular, application of a splenic mSENS formulation for a cancer vaccine has been demonstrated in murine tumor model. In summary, mRNA delivery through mSENS platform is expected to provide significant opportunities in clinical development for mRNA therapeutics.Ethics ApprovalThe study was approved by Samyang Biopharmaceuticals’ IACUC (Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee), approval number SYAU-2027.ReferencePiotr S. Kowalski, Arnab Rudra, Lei Miao, and Daniel G. Anderson, delivering the messenger: advances in technologies for therapeutic mRNA delivery. Molecular Therapy Vol. 27 No 4 April 2019.

scholarly journals Development and Stability Studies of Novel Liposomal Vancomycin Formulations

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishna Muppidi ◽  
Andrew S. Pumerantz ◽  
Jeffrey Wang ◽  
Guru Betageri
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Encapsulation Efficiency ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Preparation Method ◽  
Physical Stability ◽  
Liposomal Formulations ◽  
Promising Strategy ◽  
Activity Variable ◽  
Distribution Studies

A promising strategy to improve the therapeutic efficiency of antimicrobial agents is targeted therapy. Although vancomycin has been considered a gold standard for the therapy of MRSA pneumonia, clinical failure rates have also been reported owing to its slow, time-dependent bactericidal activity, variable lung tissue penetration and poor intracellular penetration into macrophages. Liposomal encapsulation has been established as an alternative for antimicrobial delivery to infected tissue macrophages and offers enhanced pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics and decreased toxicity compared to standard preparations. The aim of the present work is to prepare vancomycin in two different liposomal formulations, conventional and PEGylated liposomes using different methods. The prepared formulations were optimized for their particle size, encapsulation efficiency and physical stability. The dehydration-rehydration was found to be the best preparation method. Both the conventional and PEGylated liposomal formulations were successfully formulated with a narrow particle size and size distribution and % encapsulation efficiency of and , respectively. Both the formulations were stable at C for 3 months. These formulations were successfully used to evaluate for their intracellular killing of MRSA and in vivo pharmacokinetic and bio-distribution studies.

Understanding the Experiences of Anger in the Onset and Progression of Psoriasis: A Qualitative Study Using Social Media (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivia Hughes ◽  
Rachael Hunter
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Psychosocial Interventions ◽  
Skin Condition ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Chronic Skin ◽  
Skin Conditions ◽  
The Impact

BACKGROUND Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin condition, which can be affected by stress. Living with psoriasis can trigger negative emotions, which may influence quality of life. OBJECTIVE This study explored the experiences of people with psoriasis with attention to the potential role of anger in the onset and progression of the chronic skin condition. METHODS Semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with twelve participants (n=5 females, n=7 males) recruited online from an advert on a patient charity’s social media platforms. Data were transcribed and analysed using thematic analysis. RESULTS Four key themes were identified: (1) ‘I get really angry with the whole situation:’ anger at the self and others, (2) the impact of anger on psoriasis: angry skin, (3) shared experiences of distress, and (4) moving past anger to affirmation. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest that anger can have a perceived impact on psoriasis through contributing to sensory symptoms and unhelpful coping cycles and point to a need for enhanced treatment with more psychological support. The findings also highlight the continued stigma which exists for people living with skin conditions and how this may contribute to, and sustain, anger for those individuals. Future research could usefully focus on developing targeted psychosocial interventions to promote healthy emotional coping with psoriasis.

The beneficial effect of Cannabis Sativa seed oil on the epidermis

2021 ◽  
Vol 01 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Olejnik ◽  
Aleksandra Galarda ◽  
Joanna Goscianska
Keyword(s):  
Water Loss ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Transepidermal Water Loss ◽  
Skin Condition ◽  
Moisture Loss ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Oil Formulation

Background: Cannabis Sativa seed oil has become more and more popular in cosmetic industry mainly due to the high content of antioxidants and unsaturated fatty acids that are desirable in formulations because they prevent moisture loss and reduce the occurrence of dry skin. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of Cannabis Sativa seed oil on skin parameters such as hydration and transepidermal water loss. Methods: The in vivo tests on volunteers with combination skin were performed by using non-invasive methods by using corneometer and tewameter. Results: The obtained results proved that Cannabis Sativa seed oil improved skin condition. The transepidermal water loss decreased because the lipophilic components of the oil formulation tend to form an occlusive layer on the epidermis surface. The highest increase in skin hydration was observed after one week of treatment. Conclusion: These results confirmed that Cannabis Sativa seed oil has strong moisturizing properties and can be recommended as a natural based skin conditioning agent.

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