scholarly journals Artemisia abrotanum L. (Southern Wormwood)—History, Current Knowledge on the Chemistry, Biological Activity, Traditional Use and Possible New Pharmaceutical and Cosmetological Applications

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 2503
Author(s):  
Halina Ekiert ◽  
Ewa Knut ◽  
Joanna Świątkowska ◽  
Paweł Klin ◽  
Agnieszka Rzepiela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Cosmetic Ingredients ◽  
History Of ◽  
Important Position ◽  
Artemisia Abrotanum

Artemisia abrotanum L. (southern wormwood) is a plant species with an important position in the history of European and Asian medicine. It is a species famous as a medicinal plant in Central Asia, Asia Minor, and in South-East and Central Europe. The raw materials obtained from this species are Abrotani herba and Abrotani folium. In the traditional European medicine, they have been used successfully most of all in liver and biliary tract diseases, in parasitic diseases in children and as antipyretic medication. In the official European medicine, this plant species is recommended by the French Pharmacopoeia for use in homeopathy. In many European countries, it is used traditionally in allopathy. The latest studies on the biological activity of extracts from the aboveground parts of the plant and/or the leaves, and/or the essential oil have provided evidence of other possible applications related to their antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, anticancer, and antiallergic properties. The latest studies have also focused on the repellent activity of the essential oil of this species and the possibility to use it in the prevention of diseases in which insects are the vectors. The main substances obtained from the plant that are responsible for this activity are: the essential oil, coumarins, phenolic acids, and flavonoids. Some of the latest investigations emphasize the large differences in the composition of the essential oil, determined by the geographical (climatic) origin of the plant. A. abrotanum is recommended by the European Cosmetic Ingredients Database (CosIng) as a source of valuable cosmetic ingredients. Additionally, the leaves of this species possess a well-established position in the food industry. This plant species is also the object of biotechnological studies.

scholarly journals The Occurrence and Biological Activity of Tormentic Acid—A Review

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (13) ◽  
pp. 3797
Author(s):  
Marta Olech ◽  
Wojciech Ziemichód ◽  
Natalia Nowacka-Jechalke
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Natural Sources ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Biochemical Mechanisms ◽  
Tormentic Acid

This review focuses on the natural sources and pharmacological activity of tormentic acid (TA; 2α,3β,19α-trihydroxyurs-2-en-28-oic acid). The current knowledge of its occurrence in various plant species and families is summarized. Biological activity (e.g., anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antihyperlipidemic, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, neuroprotective, anti-cancer, anti-osteoarthritic, antinociceptive, antioxidative, anti-melanogenic, cytotoxic, antimicrobial, and antiparasitic) confirmed in in vitro and in vivo studies is compiled and described. Biochemical mechanisms affected by TA are indicated. Moreover, issues related to the biotechnological methods of production, effective eluents, and TA derivatives are presented.

Fieldwork at Great Langdale, Cumbria, 1985-1987: Preliminary Report

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Bradley ◽  
Mark Edmonds
Keyword(s):  
Environmental History ◽  
Preliminary Report ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Lake District ◽  
Group Vi ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Technological Analysis

SummaryThe Lake District mountains have long been known as the source of Neolithic artefacts belonging to petrological group VI. The study of their wider distribution has played a central part in investigations of the ‘axe trade’. Unfortunately, it is not clear that all Group VI axes originated in this area and in any case it is now known that there is no direct relationship between different fall-off patterns and the processes that led to their creation. At the same time, it is not possible to compare work at Neolithic flint mines with current knowledge of how non-flint axes were distributed. Recent fieldwork, in the wake of a survey carried out by the National Trust and the Cumbria and Lancashire Archaeological Unit, has tried to investigate the ways in which stoneworking at Great Langdale was organized and the relationship between methods of exploiting the raw materials on site and changes in the distribution of Cumbrian axes across Britain as a whole. This has involved experimental archaeology, technological analysis, environmental investigations and small-scale excavation. This work has resulted in the recognition of two distinct modes of production. These are discussed in relation to the environmental history of the surrounding region.

Verbena officinalis (Common Vervain) – A Review on the Investigations of This Medicinally Important Plant Species

Planta Medica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 86 (17) ◽  
pp. 1241-1257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paweł Kubica ◽  
Agnieszka Szopa ◽  
Jakub Dominiak ◽  
Maria Luczkiewicz ◽  
Halina Ekiert
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Phenylpropanoid Glycosides ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Abstract Verbena officinalis (common vervain) is a medicinal plant species widely distributed in the world and commonly used in folk medicine of different countries, including traditional Chinese medicine. Monographs on “Verbenae herba” have been included in the European Pharmacopoeia since 2008, and in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia since 1995. This work presents botanical characteristics of this species. It reviews the current knowledge of its chemical composition, which is a rich source mostly of iridoids, phenylpropanoid glycosides, phenolic acids, flavonoids, terpenoids, and essential oil. A large part of this article summarizes traditional medicinal uses and professional pharmacological in vitro and in vivo studies that prove new important applications, e.g., antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective anticancer, analgesic, or anticonvulsant of verbena herb extracts and individual metabolites. Moreover, emphasis is put on the use of V. officinalis in the food and cosmetics industries, especially due to its antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory properties, and the presence of essential oil with an attractive fragrance composition. This paper also presents the state of biotechnological studies of this species.

Comparative Morpho-Anatomical and HPTLC Profiling of Tinospora Species and Dietary Supplements

Planta Medica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 86 (07) ◽  
pp. 470-481
Author(s):  
Abidah Parveen ◽  
John S. Adams ◽  
Vijayasankar Raman ◽  
Jane M. Budel ◽  
Jianping Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Supplements ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Tinospora Cordifolia ◽  
Diagnostic Features ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
History Of ◽  
Marker Compounds

AbstractOverlapping geographical occurrence, history of traditional use, confusion in species identification, and morphological resemblances among various species are some considerations that necessitate the importance of qualitative analysis for efficient quality control and safer botanical products. This paper provides detailed morpho-anatomies of the leaves and stems of Tinospora cordifolia, Tinospora crispa, and Tinospora sinensis, and stems of Tinospora baenzigeri. Microscopy studies of the selected Tinospora species revealed key diagnostic features that can help distinguish the closely related species of Tinospora as well as to detect any adulteration or substitution in the raw materials. HPTLC profiles of the authenticated plant materials, as well as commercial products claiming to contain Tinospora, were compared to distinguish T. crispa from other closely related species and to establish an efficient method to assess the identity and quality of the products using qualified chemical markers. HPTLC chromatograms of both plant samples and dietary supplements were compared with six reference marker compounds. The analysis revealed that borapetoside B and C were useful to identify T. crispa while tinosineside A was found to be characteristic to authenticate the T. sinensis products.

STUDY OF CORIANDER SEED OIL (Coriandrum sativum L.)

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 29-38
Author(s):  
Ha Bich Phan ◽  
Thach Ngoc Le
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Coriandrum Sativum ◽  
Conventional Heating ◽  
Geranyl Acetate ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Coriander Seed Oil ◽  
Coriander Seed

Coriandrum sativum L. belongs to the Apiaceae family, which is cultivated in Dong Nai province, in this paper its seed oil of was studied. The essential oil was extracted by hydrodistillation. We used two methods for activating of hydrodistillation: conventional heating and microwave irradiating. Its physical and chemical indexes were measured. The chemical composition of this oil was identified by GC/MS and quantified by GC/FID. Linalool (75.51-77.21 %), and geranyl acetate (15.64-12.79 %) were the main constituents of the oil which were obtained in 0,32-0.39 % yield. The biological activity of this oil was reported.

Paleontology and stratigraphy of Middle Eocene rock units in the southern Green River and Uinta Basins, Wyoming and Utah

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 1-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Murphey ◽  
K.E. Townsend ◽  
Anthony Friscia ◽  
James Westgate ◽  
Emmett Evanoff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Middle Eocene ◽  
Green River Basin ◽  
Green River ◽  
Scientific Exploration ◽  
History Of ◽  
Climatic History ◽  
Field Excursion ◽  
Land Mammal ◽  
Bridger Formation

The Bridger Formation is restricted to the Green River Basin in southwest Wyoming, and the Uinta and Duchesne River Formations are located in the Uinta Basin in Utah. These three rock units and their diverse fossil assemblages are of great scientific importance and historic interest to vertebrate paleontologists. Notably, they are also the stratotypes from oldest to youngest for the three middle Eocene North American Land Mammal Ages—the Bridgerian, Uintan, and Duchesnean. The fossils and sediments of these formations provide a critically important record of biotic, environmental, and climatic history spanning approximately 10 million years (49 to 39 Ma). This article provides a detailed field excursion through portions of the Green River and Uinta Basins that focuses on locations of geologic, paleontologic, and historical interest. In support of the field excursion, we also provide a review of current knowledge of these formations with emphasis on lithostratigraphy, biochronology, depositional, and paleoenvironmental history, and the history of scientific exploration.

Comparative analysis of essential oil obtained from fresh and dried leaves of medicinal sage

2020 ◽  
pp. 39-53
Author(s):  
Tatyana Shcheglova
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Quantitative Difference ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Component Composition ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Salvia Officinalis L ◽  
Medical University

The article presents results of the study of a comparative analysis of essential oil obtained from fresh and dried leaves of medicinal sage (Salvia officinalis L.), growing in the Botanical Garden of the First Moscow State Medical University named after Sechenov. The studies were carried out using gas chromatography– mass spectrometry. Qualitative and quantitative difference in the component composition of the essential oil obtained from fresh and dried raw materials was determined as a result of the study.

Chemical Composition and Biological Activity of the Essential Oil and Solvent Extracts of

2017 ◽  
Vol 04 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-49
Author(s):  
Amir Reza Jassbi ◽  
Mehdi Zare ◽  
Fatemeh Heidary Jamebozorgi
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil

After Arminius

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas H. McCall ◽  
Keith D. Stanglin
Keyword(s):  
Primary Sources ◽  
Reformed Theology ◽  
Proper Understanding ◽  
System Building ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Modern Thought ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Vision Of God ◽  
Important Position

“Arminianism” was the subject of important theological controversies in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, and it maintains an important position within Protestant thought. What became known as “Arminian” theology was held by people across a swath of geographical and ecclesial positions; it developed in European, British, and American contexts, and it engaged with a wide range of intellectual challenges. While standing together in their common rejection of several key planks of Reformed theology, proponents of Arminianism took various positions on other matters. Some were broadly committed to catholic and creedal theology; others were more open to theological revision. Some were concerned primarily with practical concerns; others were engaged in system building as they sought to articulate and defend an overarching vision of God and the world. The story of this development is both complex and important for a proper understanding of the history of Protestant theology. However, this historical development of Arminian theology is not well known. In this book, Thomas H. McCall and Keith D. Stanglin offer a historical introduction to Arminian theology as it developed in modern thought, providing an account that is based upon important primary sources and recent secondary research that will be helpful to scholars of ecclesial history and modern thought as well as comprehensible and relevant for students.

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