scholarly journals Mining the Royal Jelly Proteins: Combinatorial Hexapeptide Ligand Library Significantly Improves the MS-Based Proteomic Identification in Complex Biological Samples

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 2762
Author(s):  
Eliza Matuszewska ◽  
Joanna Matysiak ◽  
Grzegorz Rosiński ◽  
Elżbieta Kędzia ◽  
Weronika Ząbek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Samples ◽  
Protein Identification ◽  
Royal Jelly ◽  
Hypothetical Proteins ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Standards And Regulations ◽  
Proteomic Identification ◽  
Tof Ms

Royal jelly (RJ) is a complex, creamy secretion produced by the glands of worker bees. Due to its health-promoting properties, it is used by humans as a dietary supplement. However, RJ compounds are not fully characterized yet. Hence, in this research, we aimed to broaden the knowledge of the proteomic composition of fresh RJ. Water extracts of the samples were pre-treated using combinatorial hexapeptide ligand libraries (ProteoMinerTM kit), trypsin-digested, and analyzed by a nanoLC-MALDI-TOF/TOF MS system. To check the ProteoMinerTM performance in the MS-based protein identification, we also examined RJ extracts that were not prepared with the ProteoMinerTM kit. We identified a total of 86 proteins taxonomically classified to Apis spp. (bees). Among them, 74 proteins were detected in RJ extracts pre-treated with ProteoMinerTM kit, and only 50 proteins were found in extracts non-enriched with this technique. Ten of the identified features were hypothetical proteins whose existence has been predicted, but any experimental evidence proves their in vivo expression. Additionally, we detected four uncharacterized proteins of unknown functions. The results of this research indicate that the ProteoMinerTM strategy improves proteomic identification in complex biological samples. Broadening the knowledge of RJ composition may contribute to the development of standards and regulations, enhancing the quality of RJ, and consequently, the safety of its supplementation.

scholarly journals Analysis of Cultivable Microbial Community during Kimchi Fermentation Using MALDI-TOF MS

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1068
Author(s):  
Eiseul Kim ◽  
Seung-Min Yang ◽  
Hae-Yeong Kim
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Maldi Tof Ms ◽  
Maldi Tof ◽  
Flight Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Tof Ms

Kimchi, a traditional Korean fermented vegetable, has received considerable attention for its health-promoting effects. This study analyzes the cultivable microbial community in kimchi fermented at different temperatures using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) to comprehensively understand the factors affecting the quality of kimchi. Of the 5204 strains isolated from kimchi, aligned with the in-house database, 4467 (85.8%) were correctly identified at the species level. The fermentation temperature affected the microbial community by varying the pH and acidity, which was mainly caused by temperature-dependent competition between the different lactic acid bacteria (LAB) species in kimchi. LAB, such as Levilactobacillus (Lb.) brevis and Lactiplantibacillus (Lpb.) plantarum associated with rancidity and tissue softening, proliferated faster at higher temperatures than at low temperature. In addition, LAB, such as Latilactobacillus (Lat.) sakei and Leuconostoc (Leu.) mesenteroides, which produce beneficial substances and flavor, were mainly distributed in kimchi fermented at 4 °C. This study shows as a novelty that MALDI-TOF MS is a robust and economically affordable method for investigating viable microbial communities in kimchi.

scholarly journals Research on correlation of compositions with oestrogenic activity of Cistanche based on LC/Q-TOF-MS/MS technology

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-Lan Li ◽  
Jing-Xin Ding ◽  
Jing Bai ◽  
Yang Hu ◽  
Hui Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
Material Basis ◽  
Gray Correlation ◽  
Correlation Analysis Method ◽  
Chemical Profiles ◽  
Tof Ms

AbstractLC technology is a recognized method used worldwide to evaluate the quality of traditional Chinese medicines (TCM). The quality of TCM has a direct impact on its efficacy. Therefore, in order to thoroughly reveal how TCM exerts its efficacy, first of all, it is necessary to understand the material basis for its efficacy, and then to control the quality of active compounds. The application of the spectrum-effect relationship method is crucial for determining the pharmacological material basis. The goal of this paper was to investigate the underlying correlations between the chemical profiles and oestrogenic activity of Cistanche, to reveal the active compounds. The chemical profiles of Cistanche were recorded using HPLC/Q-TOF-MS/MS, and oestrogenic activity was determined by the Uterus growth test and the MTT assay. Then combining the results of bivariate analysis, principal component analysis and gray correlation analysis method, fifteen active compounds were identified. They are 8-epiloganic acid, salidroside, syringalide A 3’-α-l-rhamnopyranoside, cistanoside A, echinacoside, cistanoside F, cistanoside B, cistanoside C, osmanthuside B, acteoside, isoacteoside, tubuloside B, 2’-acetylacteoside, and two unknown compounds. This study lays a foundation for in vivo studies of Cistanche and for the development of its clinical application.

Shall I trust you? From child human-robot interaction to trusting relationships

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cinzia Di Dio ◽  
Federico Manzi ◽  
Giulia Peretti ◽  
Angelo Cangelosi ◽  
Paul L. Harris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Pattern ◽  
Human Robot Interaction ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Social Relevance ◽  
Robot Interaction ◽  
Cognitive Correlates ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Relationship

Studying trust within human-robot interaction is of great importance given the social relevance of robotic agents in a variety of contexts. We investigated the acquisition, loss and restoration of trust when preschool and school-age children played with either a human or a humanoid robot in-vivo. The relationship between trust and the quality of attachment relationships, Theory of Mind, and executive function skills was also investigated. No differences were found in children’s trust in the play-partner as a function of agency (human or robot). Nevertheless, 3-years-olds showed a trend toward trusting the human more than the robot, while 7-years-olds displayed the reverse behavioral pattern, thus highlighting the developing interplay between affective and cognitive correlates of trust.

Variations in Mineral/heavy metals profiling and preventive role of trichomes in Peach Fruits treated with CaC2

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Irfan ◽  
Safdar Abbas ◽  
Beenish Jehan Azhar ◽  
Shakeel Ahmad ◽  
Hafsa Muhammad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Fine Powder ◽  
Calcium Carbide ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tandem Accelerator ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Elemental Profiling

Background: Phytonutrients in peach fruits have health promoting antioxidants against various chronic diseases. However, there is no extensive data to show the nutritional values of Local peach cultivars after post-harvest treatments. Objective: Mainly this study was objective to determine the effect of calcium carbide on nutritional value and quality of fruits of Pakistani peach cultivars. Methods: The peach fruits were collected from three different peach orchids of KPK and the fruits were divided into 4 groups while 5th group was collected from local fruit shop. Each experimental group was treated with different concentration of calcium carbide whereas control group was not treated. The peel and pulp samples were oven dried and ground to fine powder separately. The elemental compositions were determined using Particle Induced X-ray emission and Pelletron Tandem Accelerator. Result: Sixteen elements were identified in peach fruits and the elements were Al, P, S, Cl, K, Ca, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, and Se. In peel, concentration of some elements increased or decreased after treatment with CaC2 while in pulp the conc. of nearly all detected elements was increased in treated samples. We found significantly high amount of heavy metals traces including As, Se, Co, Si, and P in peach fruits treated with CaC2. Interestingly, the presence of trichomes in peach skin prevents the transfer of these heavy metals deep into the pulp which was also verified by the elemental profiling of nectarines. Conclusion: Conclusively, the artificial ripening with CaC2 changed the nutritional value of peach fruits that has higher health risks if consume with the peel. According to our best knowledge, this is the first report that highlights the effects of CaC2 which deteriorate the nutritional value of peach fruits in Pakistan.

scholarly journals Influence of calcium ion-modified implant surfaces in protein adsorption and implant integration

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Anitua ◽  
Andreia Cerqueira ◽  
Francisco Romero-Gavilán ◽  
Iñaki García-Arnáez ◽  
Cristina Martinez-Ramos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Adsorption ◽  
Titanium Implant ◽  
Volume Density ◽  
Bone Implant ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Intervention Costs ◽  
Medial Section ◽  
Post Implantation

Abstract Background Calcium (Ca) is a well-known element in bone metabolism and blood coagulation. Here, we investigate the link between the protein adsorption pattern and the in vivo responses of surfaces modified with calcium ions (Ca-ion) as compared to standard titanium implant surfaces (control). We used LC–MS/MS to identify the proteins adhered to the surfaces after incubation with human serum and performed bilateral surgeries in the medial section of the femoral condyles of 18 New Zealand white rabbits to test osseointegration at 2 and 8 weeks post-implantation (n=9). Results Ca-ion surfaces adsorbed 181.42 times more FA10 and 3.85 times less FA12 (p<0.001), which are factors of the common and the intrinsic coagulation pathways respectively. We also detected differences in A1AT, PLMN, FA12, KNG1, HEP2, LYSC, PIP, SAMP, VTNC, SAA4, and CFAH (p<0.01). At 2 and 8 weeks post-implantation, the mean bone implant contact (BIC) with Ca-ion surfaces was respectively 1.52 and 1.25 times higher, and the mean bone volume density (BVD) was respectively 1.35 and 1.13 times higher. Differences were statistically significant for BIC at 2 and 8 weeks and for BVD at 2 weeks (p<0.05). Conclusions The strong thrombogenic protein adsorption pattern at Ca-ion surfaces correlated with significantly higher levels of implant osseointegration. More effective implant surfaces combined with smaller implants enable less invasive surgeries, shorter healing times, and overall lower intervention costs, especially in cases of low quantity or quality of bone.

Animal Models and Alternatives in the Quality Control of Vaccines: Are In Vitro Methods or In Vivo Methods the Scientific Equivalent of the Emperor's New Clothes?

1995 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-73
Author(s):  
Coenraad Hendriksen ◽  
Johan van der Gun
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
In Vitro Test ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
Inactivated Vaccines ◽  
Vitro Test

In the quality control of vaccine batches, the potency testing of inactivated vaccines is one of the areas requiring very large numbers of animals, which usually suffer significant distress as a result of the experimental procedures employed. This article deals with the potency testing of diphtheria and tetanus toxoids, two vaccines which are used extensively throughout the world. The relevance of the potency test prescribed by the European Pharmacopoeia monographs is questioned. The validity of the potency test as a model for the human response, the ability of the test to be standardised, and the relevance of the test in relation to the quality of the product are discussed. It is concluded that the potency test has only limited predictive value for the antitoxin responses to be expected in recipients of these toxoids. An alternative approach for estimating the potency of toxoid batches is discussed, in which a distinction is made between estimation of the immunogenic potency of the first few batches obtained from a seed lot and monitoring the consistency of the quality of subsequent batches. The use of animals is limited to the first few batches. Monitoring the consistency of the quality of subsequent batches is based on in vitro test methods. Factors which hamper the introduction and acceptance of the alternative approach are considered. Finally, proposals are made for replacement, reduction and/or refinement (the Three Rs) in the use of animals in the routine potency testing of toxoids.

scholarly journals Tyrosol-Enriched Tomatoes by Diffusion across the Fruit Peel from a Chitosan Coating: A Proposal of Functional Food

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 335
Author(s):  
Silvia Tampucci ◽  
Antonella Castagna ◽  
Daniela Monti ◽  
Clementina Manera ◽  
Giuseppe Saccomanni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Food Matrix ◽  
Fruit Peel ◽  
Fresh Food ◽  
In Vitro Permeation ◽  
Active Transfer

Chitosan is receiving increasing attention from the food industry for being a biodegradable, non-toxic, antimicrobial biopolymer able to extend the shelf life of, and preserve the quality of, fresh food. However, few studies have investigated the ability of chitosan-based coatings to allow the diffusion of bioactive compounds into the food matrix to improve its nutraceutical quality. This research is aimed at testing whether a hydrophilic molecule (tyrosol) could diffuse from the chitosan-tyrosol coating and cross the tomato peel. To this end, in vitro permeation tests using excised tomato peel and an in vivo application of chitosan-tyrosol coating on tomato fruit, followed by tyrosol quantification in intact fruit, peel and flesh during a seven-day storage at room temperature, were performed. Both approaches demonstrated the ability of tyrosol to permeate across the fruit peel. Along with a decreased tyrosol content in the peel, its concentration within the flesh was increased, indicating an active transfer of tyrosol into this tissue. This finding, together with the maintenance of constant tyrosol levels during the seven-day storage period, is very promising for the use of chitosan formulations to produce functional tomato fruit.

scholarly journals Application of the Ottawa Charter Five Priority Areas of Action for Public Health to an Institution-Wide Diabetes Care Promotion

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1543
Author(s):  
Min-Hua Lin ◽  
She-Yu Chiu ◽  
Wen-Chao Ho ◽  
Hui-Ying Huang
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Diabetes Care ◽  
Hospital Staff ◽  
Health Promotion Program ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Diabetes Patients

This study was the first institution-wide health promotion program in Taiwan to apply the five priority areas for taking action in public health highlighted in the Ottawa Charter for diabetes patients. We aimed to improve the quality of home care received by diabetic patients by training health care professionals in health promotion. This program consisted of developing personal skills, reorienting health services, strengthening community actions, creating supportive environments, and building healthy public policy. It was applied in the Yunlin Christian Hospital located in central Taiwan from August 2011 to November 2011. A health-promoting education course consisting of weight control, diabetes care, and quality management for diabetes was developed and applied to all 323 hospital staff. Then, hospital staff volunteers and diabetes patients were recruited to participate in the program. A total of 61 staff volunteers and 90 diabetes patients were involved in this study. Staff volunteers were trained to participate in communities to provide care and guidance to patients with diabetes. The World Health Organization Quality of Life(WHOQOL)-BREF-Taiwan Version questionnaires were investigated before and after implementation of this program for the patients. A health-promoting lifestyle profile questionnaire was filled by the staff. The investigation data were then analyzed by statistical methods. The diabetes patients experienced a significant increase in their satisfaction with health and health-related quality of life as well as significant improvements in health-promotion and self-management behaviors (p < 0.05). In addition, staff volunteers significantly consumes food from the five major groups than the other staff (p < 0.05). Various improvements in health-promoting behaviors were observed amongst the hospital staff and the diabetic patients. Our project could be a reference for other medical organizations to implement an institution-wide health-promotion program for diabetic patients.

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