scholarly journals Advances in the Synthesis of Crystalline Metallosilicate Zeolites via Interlayer Expansion

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (19) ◽  
pp. 5916
Author(s):  
Chaoqun Bian ◽  
Yichang Yang ◽  
Xiaohui Luo ◽  
Wenxia Zhang ◽  
Jie Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Properties ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Layered Silicates ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Ion Exchangers ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Catalytic Function

Given the numerous industrial applications of zeolites as adsorbents, catalysts, and ion-exchangers, the development of new zeolite structures is highly desired to expand their practical applications. Currently, a general route to develop new zeolite structures is to use interlayer expansion agents to connect layered silicates. In this review, we briefly summarize the novel zeolite structures constructed from the lamellar precursor zeolites MWW, RUB-36, PREFER, Nu-6(1), COK-5, and PLS-1 via interlayer expansion. The contents of the summary contain detailed experiments, physicochemical characterizations, possible expansion mechanisms, and catalytic properties. In addition, the insertion of metal heteroatoms (such as Ti, Fe, Sn) into the layered zeolite precursor through interlayer expansion, which could be helpful to modify the catalytic function, is discussed.

scholarly journals Curing Behavior of Waterborne Paint Containing Catalyst Encapsulated in Micelle

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 375
Author(s):  
Shuji Yomo
Keyword(s):  
Storage Stability ◽  
Catalytic Properties ◽  
Ionic Surfactant ◽  
Curing Behavior ◽  
Catalytic Function ◽  
Hydrophilic Lipophilic Balance ◽  
Pot Life

This research has studied the feasibility of fabricating a catalyst that activates at 80 °C to ensure the curing performance of two-pack isocyanate curable paints, while remaining inactive at 40 °C to ensure storage stability and pot life. The research examined whether the added dibutyl tin dilaurate (DBTL) provided a catalytic function for curing the waterborne paint, which remains almost inactive at 40 °C and activates at 80 °C or higher. It was confirmed that the use of a non-ionic surfactant with a hydrophilic-lipophilic-balance (HLB) of between 13 and 14 resulted in rapid curing at a temperature of 80 °C or higher, thereby demonstrating catalytic properties. The results also show that the viscosity of the paint remained virtually unchanged after exposure for 1 h at 40 °C. This wass presumed to be the result of the DBTL, which was constrained by the micelles up to a temperature of 70 °C, breaking down the micelles at a temperature of 80 °C or higher. It was also confirmed that the catalytic switching properties were not obtained at a lower or higher HLB. It was found that selecting the non-ionic surfactant by HLB can control the activating temperature of the catalytic properties.

A monovacant heteropolytungstate-incorporated trimeric carbonyl rhenium cluster, [(AsW11O39){Re(CO)3}3(μ3-OH)(μ2-OH)]6−: synthesis, structure and catalytic properties

RSC Advances ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (55) ◽  
pp. 28848-28851 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanhui Zhang ◽  
Dongdi Zhang ◽  
Zhiyuan Huo ◽  
Pengtao Ma ◽  
Jingyang Niu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
High Selectivity ◽  
Catalytic Properties ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Rhenium Cluster

The novel undecatungstoarsenate-supported carbonyl rhenium derivative exhibits prominent catalytic activity and high selectivity in the cycloaddition of epoxides.

scholarly journals Microparticles, Microspheres, and Microcapsules for Advanced Drug Delivery

2019 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miléna Lengyel ◽  
Nikolett Kállai-Szabó ◽  
Vince Antal ◽  
András József Laki ◽  
István Antal
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Inhaled Insulin ◽  
Formulation Factors ◽  
Novel Drug ◽  
Significant Production

Microparticles, microspheres, and microcapsules are widely used constituents of multiparticulate drug delivery systems, offering both therapeutic and technological advantages. Microparticles are generally in the 1–1000 µm size range, serve as multiunit drug delivery systems with well-defined physiological and pharmacokinetic benefits in order to improve the effectiveness, tolerability, and patient compliance. This paper reviews their evolution, significance, and formulation factors (excipients and procedures), as well as their most important practical applications (inhaled insulin, liposomal preparations). The article presents the most important structures of microparticles (microspheres, microcapsules, coated pellets, etc.), interpreted with microscopic images too. The most significant production processes (spray drying, extrusion, coacervation, freeze-drying, microfluidics), the drug release mechanisms, and the commonly used excipients, the characterization, and the novel drug delivery systems (microbubbles, microsponges), as well as the preparations used in therapy are discussed in detail.

Medical Cyclotrons

2009 ◽  
Vol 02 (01) ◽  
pp. 133-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. L. Friesel ◽  
T. A. Antaya
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Medical Applications ◽  
Particle Accelerators ◽  
Radioisotope Production ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Medical Radioisotope ◽  
High Energy Particles

Particle accelerators were initially developed to address specific scientific research goals, yet they were used for practical applications, particularly medical applications, within a few years of their invention. The cyclotron's potential for producing beams for cancer therapy and medical radioisotope production was realized with the early Lawrence cyclotrons and has continued with their more technically advanced successors — synchrocyclotrons, sector-focused cyclotrons and superconducting cyclotrons. While a variety of other accelerator technologies were developed to achieve today's high energy particles, this article will chronicle the development of one type of accelerator — the cyclotron, and its medical applications. These medical and industrial applications eventually led to the commercial manufacture of both small and large cyclotrons and facilities specifically designed for applications other than scientific research.

scholarly journals Natural microbial polysaccharides as effective factors for modification of the catalytic properties of fungal cellobiose dehydrogenase

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justyna Sulej ◽  
Magdalena Jaszek ◽  
Monika Osińska-Jaroszuk ◽  
Anna Matuszewska ◽  
Renata Bancerz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Properties ◽  
Cellobiose Dehydrogenase ◽  
Pycnoporus Sanguineus ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Control Value ◽  
Electrochemical Parameters ◽  
Optimum Ph ◽  
Stabilization Effect ◽  
Fungal Polysaccharides ◽  
The Stability

AbstractPolysaccharides are biopolymers composed of simple sugars like glucose, galactose, mannose, fructose, etc. The major natural sources for the production of polysaccharides include plants and microorganisms. In the present work, four bacterial and two fungal polysaccharides (PS or EPS) were used for the modification and preservation of Pycnoporus sanguineus cellobiose dehydrogenase (CDH) activity. It was found that the presence of polysaccharide preparations clearly enhanced the stability of cellobiose dehydrogenase compared to the control value (4 °C). The highest stabilization effect was observed for CDH modified with Rh110EPS. Changes in the optimum pH in the samples of CDH incubated with the chosen polysaccharide modifiers were evidenced as well. The most significant effect was observed for Rh24EPS and Cu139PS (pH 3.5). Cyclic voltammetry used for the analysis of electrochemical parameters of modified CDH showed the highest peak values after 30 days of incubation with polysaccharides at 4 °C. In summary, natural polysaccharides seem to be an effective biotechnological tool for the modification of CDH activity to increase the possibilities of its practical applications in many fields of industry.

Synthesis, Characterization and Catalytic Properties of the Novel Manganese-Containing Amorphous Mesoporous Material MnTUD-1

2008 ◽  
Vol 112 (19) ◽  
pp. 7468-7476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anand Ramanathan ◽  
Tanja Archipov ◽  
Rajamanickam Maheswari ◽  
Ulf Hanefeld ◽  
Emil Roduner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mesoporous Material ◽  
Catalytic Properties ◽  
The Novel

scholarly journals Directed Evolution of a Homodimeric Laccase from Cerrena unicolor BBP6 by Random Mutagenesis and In Vivo Assembly

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 2989 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji Zhang ◽  
Fuying Ma ◽  
Xiaoyu Zhang ◽  
Anli Geng
Keyword(s):  
Directed Evolution ◽  
Laccase Activity ◽  
Catalytic Properties ◽  
Random Mutagenesis ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Subunit Interaction ◽  
Cerrena Unicolor ◽  
Protein Model

Laccases have great potential for industrial applications due to their green catalytic properties and broad substrate specificities, and various studies have attempted to improve the catalytic performance of these enzymes. Here, to the best of our knowledge, we firstly report the directed evolution of a homodimeric laccase from Cerrena unicolor BBP6 fused with α-factor prepro-leader that was engineered through random mutagenesis followed by in vivo assembly in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Three evolved fusion variants selected from ~3500 clones presented 31- to 37-fold increases in total laccase activity, with better thermostability and broader pH profiles. The evolved α-factor prepro-leader enhanced laccase expression levels by up to 2.4-fold. Protein model analysis of these variants reveals that the beneficial mutations have influences on protein pKa shift, subunit interaction, substrate entrance, and C-terminal function.

scholarly journals Development of a Smart Helmet for Strategical BCI Applications

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 1867 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-Wei Ko ◽  
Yang Chang ◽  
Pei-Lun Wu ◽  
Heng-An Tzou ◽  
Sheng-Fu Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Contact Impedance ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Dry Electrodes ◽  
Average Accuracy ◽  
Eeg Data ◽  
Electrophysiological Measurements ◽  
User Acceptability

Conducting electrophysiological measurements from human brain function provides a medium for sending commands and messages to the external world, as known as a brain–computer interface (BCI). In this study, we proposed a smart helmet which integrated the novel hygroscopic sponge electrodes and a combat helmet for BCI applications; with the smart helmet, soldiers can carry out extra tasks according to their intentions, i.e., through BCI techniques. There are several existing BCI methods which are distinct from each other; however, mutual issues exist regarding comfort and user acceptability when utilizing such BCI techniques in practical applications; one of the main challenges is the trade-off between using wet and dry electroencephalographic (EEG) electrodes. Recently, several dry EEG electrodes without the necessity of conductive gel have been developed for EEG data collection. Although the gel was claimed to be unnecessary, high contact impedance and low signal-to-noise ratio of dry EEG electrodes have turned out to be the main limitations. In this study, a smart helmet with novel hygroscopic sponge electrodes is developed and investigated for long-term usage of EEG data collection. The existing electrodes and EEG equipment regarding BCI applications were adopted to examine the proposed electrode. In the impedance test of a variety of electrodes, the sponge electrode showed performance averaging 118 kΩ, which was comparable with the best one among existing dry electrodes, which averaged 123 kΩ. The signals acquired from the sponge electrodes and the classic wet electrodes were analyzed with correlation analysis to study the effectiveness. The results indicated that the signals were similar to each other with an average correlation of 90.03% and 82.56% in two-second and ten-second temporal resolutions, respectively, and 97.18% in frequency responses. Furthermore, by applying the proposed differentiable power algorithm to the system, the average accuracy of 21 subjects can reach 91.11% in the steady-state visually evoked potential (SSVEP)-based BCI application regarding a simulated military mission. To sum up, the smart helmet is capable of assisting the soldiers to execute instructions with SSVEP-based BCI when their hands are not available and is a reliable piece of equipment for strategical applications.

scholarly journals UUX Evaluation of a Digitally Advanced Human–Machine Interface for Excavators

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Sebastian Lorenz ◽  
Jens R. Helmert ◽  
Ruben Anders ◽  
Christian Wölfel ◽  
Jens Krzywinski
Keyword(s):  
User Experience ◽  
User Interfaces ◽  
Quality Measurement ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Human Machine Interface ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Task Load ◽  
System Usability Scale ◽  
Machine Interface ◽  
The Right

With the evaluation of a next-generation human–machine interface (HMI) concept for excavators, this study aims to discuss the HMI quality measurement based on usability and user experience (UUX) metrics. Regarding the digital transformation of construction sites, future work environments will have to be capable of presenting various complex visual data and enabling efficient and safe interactivity while working. The evaluated HMI focused on introducing a touch display-based interface, providing advanced operation functions and different interaction modalities. The assessment of UUX should show whether the novel HMI can be utilised to perform typical tasks (usability) and how it is accepted and assessed in terms of non-instrumental qualities (user experience, UX). Using the collected data, this article also aims to contribute to the general discussion about the role of UX beyond usability in industrial applications and deepen the understanding of non-instrumental qualities when it comes to user-oriented process and machine design. The exploratory study examines insights into the application of elaborated UUX measuring tools like the User Experience Questionnaire (UEQ) on the interaction with industrial goods accompanied by their rating with other tools, namely System Usability Scale (SUS), Intuitive Interaction Questionnaire (INTUI) and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Task Load Index (NASA-TLX). Four goals are pursued in this study. The first goal is to compare in-depth two different ways of interaction with the novel HMI—namely one by a control pad on the right joystick and one by touch. Therefore, a sample of 17 subjects in total was split into two groups and differences in UUX measures were tested. Secondly, the performances of both groups were tested over the course of trials to investigate possible differences in detail. The third goal is to interpret measures of usability and user experience against existing benchmark values. Fourth and finally, we use the data gathered to analyse correlations between measures of UUX. The results of our study show that the different ways of interaction did not impact any of the measures taken. In terms of detailed performance analysis, both groups yielded differences in terms of time per action, but not between the groups. The comparison of UUX measures with benchmark values yielded mixed results. The UUX measures show some relevant significant correlations. The participants mostly reported enjoying the use of the HMI concept, but several practical issues (e.g., efficiency) still need to be overcome. Once again, the study confirms the urge of user inclusion in product development. Especially in the course of digitalisation, as big scale advancements of systems and user interfaces bring uncertainty for many manufacturers regarding whether or how a feature should be integrated.

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