Effects of Turning Frequency on Ammonia Emission during the Composting of Chicken Manure and Soybean Straw

Here, we investigated the impact of different turning frequency (TF) on dynamic changes of N fractions, NH3 emission and bacterial/archaeal community during chicken manure composting. Compared to higher TF (i.e., turning every 1 or 3 days in CMS1 or CMS3 treatments, respectively), lower TF (i.e., turning every 5 or 7 days in CMS5 or CMS7 treatments, respectively) decreased NH3 emission by 11.42–18.95%. Compared with CMS1, CMS3 and CMS7 treatments, the total nitrogen loss of CMS5 decreased by 38.03%, 17.06% and 24.76%, respectively. Ammonia oxidizing bacterial/archaeal (AOB/AOA) communities analysis revealed that the relative abundance of Nitrosospira and Nitrososphaera was higher in lower TF treatment during the thermophilic and cooling stages, which could contribute to the reduction of NH3 emission. Thus, different TF had a great influence on NH3 emission and microbial community during composting. It is practically feasible to increase the abundance of AOB/AOA through adjusting TF and reduce NH3 emission the loss of nitrogen during chicken manure composting.

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KEHILANGAN NITROGEN PADA SISTEM USAHATANI JAGUNG MANIS DI LAHAN GAMBUT KALIMANTAN TENGAH (Nitrogen Lost on Sweet Corn Of Peatland Farming System in Central Kalimantan)

AgriPeat ◽

10.36873/agp.v19i01.156 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (01) ◽

pp. 51-58

Author(s):

Administrator Journal

Keyword(s):

Total Nitrogen ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Sweet Corn ◽

Nitrogen Loss ◽

Peat Soil ◽

Farming System ◽

Chicken Manure ◽

Cow Dung ◽

Total Nitrogen Loss ◽

Npk Fertilizer

ABSTRACTApplication of fertilizer can increase nitrogen loss in agricultural land in the form of leaching andvolatilization. Research carried out on peat soil, done two times planting. First in the dry season totransition with nitrogen input from urea fertilizer, cow dung manure and from rainfall. Both areimplemented in the month of transition to the rainy season with nutrient input from nitrogen derivedfrom pearl NPK fertilizer, chicken manure and rainfall. Nitrogen washing is obtained frompercolation water which is accommodated by lysimeter. The volume of percolation water measuredat plant age 15, 30, 45 HST and at harvest, N content in laboratory analysis. The purpose of thisresearch is to know total nitrogen loss and efficiency level of sweet corn farming system inpeatland. Nitrogen washing in the first study was 2.28 kg N ha-1 or 2.49% and in the second studywas 8.95 kg N ha-1 or 13.65%. The other estimated loss of volatilization in the first study was 12.80Kg N ha-1 or 13.97% and in the second study it was 6.76 Kg N ha-1 or 10.31%. Average lossestimated volatilization of 9.78 kg N ha-1 or 12.45% Total nitrogen loss of 19.60%, so that sweetcorn farming system on peatlands in Kalampangan Urban Palangkaraya is classified as inefficientKeywords: Nitrogen, Sweet Corn, Peat Land

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Effect of Flushing Milk and Acidic Whey on pH and Nitrogen Loss of Cattle Manure Slurry

Atmosphere ◽

10.3390/atmos12091222 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (9) ◽

pp. 1222

Author(s):

Thomas Sepperer ◽

Alexander Petutschnigg ◽

Konrad Steiner

Keyword(s):

Nitrogen Loss ◽

Animal Manure ◽

Ammonium Nitrogen ◽

Cattle Manure ◽

Ammonia Emission ◽

Nh3 Emission ◽

Manure Slurry ◽

Soil Measurements ◽

By Products ◽

The Eu

With the increasing demand for food worldwide, the use of fertilizers in the agricultural industry has grown. Natural fertilizers derived from the use of animal manure slurry, especially cattle and cow, are responsible for 40% of the agricultural ammonia emission. The EU defined the goal to reduce NH3 emission drastically until 2030, yet until today an overall increase has been observed, making it more difficult to reach the target. In this study, we used two by-products from the dairy industry, namely flushing milk and acidic whey, to lower the pH of cattle manure slurry and therefore mitigate the loss of nitrogen in the form of ammonia into the atmosphere, making it available in the soil. Measurements of pH, ammonium nitrogen, total Kjeldahl nitrogen, and lactic acid bacteria colonies were conducted in a lab-scale experiment to test the hypothesis. Afterwards, pH measurements were conducted on bigger samples. We found that whey effectively reduced the pH of manure below 5, therefore moving the ammonia/ammonium equilibrium strongly towards ammonium. Flushing milk on the other hand lowered the pH to a smaller extent, yet allowed for faster hydrolysis of urea into ammonium. The findings in this study present a suitable and environmentally friendly approach to help reach the climate goals set by the EU by using by-products from the same industry branch, therefore being a suitable example of circular economy.

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Role of Brand experience in Fashion brands

Restaurant Business ◽

10.26643/rb.v118i1.7615 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 118 (1) ◽

pp. 57-64

Author(s):

G. Aiswarya ◽

Dr. Jayasree Krishnan

Keyword(s):

Factor Analysis ◽

Purchase Intention ◽

Great Influence ◽

Brand Experience ◽

Brand Preference ◽

Mediating Role ◽

Confirmatory Factor ◽

Selling Strategies ◽

The Impact

Traditionally the products were pushed into the hands of customers by production and selling strategies; then the marketing strategy evolved which gained momentum by understanding the customer needs and developing products satisfying those needs. This strategy is most prevalent and what should be done to stand up in this most competitive scenario? The answer to this key question is to create an experience. The customers now also seek good experiences than other benefits. Brand experience has gained more attention, especially fashion brands. Previous studies demonstrate the role of the brand experience in brand equity and other consumer behavior constructs. But very little is known about the impact of brand experiences on fashion brands. The aim of this study is to develop a model which makes our understanding better about the role of Brand preference and Brand experience and its influence on purchase intention of the brand. An initial exploratory study is conducted using a focus group to generate items for the study. The items, thus generated are prepared in the form of a questionnaire and samples were collected. Exploratory factor analysis is conducted and the reliability of the constructs is determined. These constructs are loaded onto AMOS to perform Confirmatory factor analysis. The results confirmed the scales used. We also noticed that Brand preference has a great influence on the Brand experience. Thereby the finding supports the role of the brand experience which tends to have a mediating role in influencing the purchase intention.

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Major Elements to Consider in Developing Ammonia Emission Factor at Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) Incinerators

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13042197 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 2197

Author(s):

Seongmin Kang ◽

Joonyoung Roh ◽

Eui-chan Jeon

Keyword(s):

Municipal Solid Waste ◽

Solid Waste ◽

Emission Factor ◽

Waste Incineration ◽

Emission Factors ◽

Major Elements ◽

Ammonia Emission ◽

Nh3 Emission ◽

The Difference ◽

The One

NH3 is one of the major substances contributing to the secondary generation of PM2.5; therefore, management is required. In Korea, the management of NH3 is insufficient, and the emission factor used by EPA is the same as the one used when calculating emissions. In particular, waste incineration facilities do not currently calculate NH3 emissions. In the case of combustion facilities, the main ammonia emission source is the De-NOx facility, and, in the case of a power plant with a De-NOx facility, NH3 emission is calculated. Therefore, in the case of a Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) incinerator with the same facility installed, it is necessary to calculate NH3 emissions. In this study, the necessity of developing NH3 emission factors for an MSW incinerator and calculating emission was analyzed. In addition, elements to be considered when developing emission factors were analyzed. The study found that the NH3 emission factors for each MSW incinerator technology were calculated as Stoker 0.010 NH3 kg/ton and Fluidized Beds 0.004 NH3 kg/ton, which was greater than the NH3 emission factor 0.003 NH3 kg/ton for the MSW incinerator presented in EMEP/EEA (2016). As a result, it was able to identify the need for the development of NH3 emission factors in MSW incinerators in Korea. In addition, the statistical analysis of the difference between the incineration technology of MSW and the NH3 emission factor by the De-NOx facility showed a difference in terms of both incineration technology and De-NOx facilities, indicating that they should be considered together when developing the emission factor. In addition to MSW, it is believed that it will be necessary to review the development of emission factors for waste at workplaces and incineration facilities of sewage sludge.

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The Science of Goal Setting

Social Marketing Quarterly ◽

10.1177/1524500412472496 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 13-25 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Daniel Hayden ◽

Fangzhou Deng

Keyword(s):

Goal Setting ◽

Diffusion Of Innovation ◽

Social Marketing ◽

Collective Behavior ◽

Great Influence ◽

Environmental Conservation ◽

Marketing Campaign ◽

Social Marketing Campaign ◽

Social Marketing Campaigns ◽

The Impact

Goal setting within social marketing campaigns is art and science. An analysis of Rare Pride conservation campaigns shows the quantitative, replicable relationship among the impact of these conservation campaigns with diffusion of innovation theory, and collective behavior theory that can guide marketers to set better goals. Rare is an environmental conservation organization that focuses on reducing community-based threats to biodiversity through a social marketing campaign called Pride. Pride campaigns work by removing barriers to change (whether they are technical, social, and political or something else) and inspiring people to make change happen. Based on the analysis of historical Pride campaign survey data, we found that the starting percentage of engagement has a great influence on the percentage change at the end of the campaign: The higher the initial adoption level of knowledge, attitude, and behavior change, the easier these measures are to improve. The result also suggests a difference in the potential of change with different audience segments: It is easiest to change influencer, then general public, and finally resource user who are the target of the social marketing campaign. In this article, we will analyze how to use diffusion of innovation and collective behavior theories to explain the impact of campaigns, as well as how to set more attainable goals. This article is consistent with similar research in the field of public health, which should help marketers set goals more tightly, allocate resources more effectively, and better manage donor expectations.

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Erosion Mechanism and Sensitivity Parameter Analysis of Natural Gas Curved Pipeline

Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology ◽

10.1115/1.4043011 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 141 (3) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jie Zhang ◽

Hao Yi ◽

Zhuo Huang ◽

Jiadai Du

Keyword(s):

Natural Gas ◽

Wear Rate ◽

Shape Factor ◽

Great Influence ◽

Solid Particles ◽

Parameter Analysis ◽

Particle Collision ◽

Erosion Wear ◽

Gas Wells ◽

The Impact

With the deepening of natural gas exploitation, the problem of sand production in gas wells is becoming more and more serious, especially in high-yield gas wells. The solid particles in natural gas are very likely to cause erosion and wear of downstream pipelines and throttling manifolds, which makes the pipeline ineffective. Once the pipeline is damaged, the natural gas leaks, which may cause serious catastrophic accidents. In this paper, the impact of sand particles on the pipeline wall is predicted by the analysis of the research on bent and continuous pipeline combined with particle collision model. The parameters of different particles (particle shape factor, particle velocity, and particle diameter), different bent parameters (angle, diameter, and curvature-to-diameter ratio), and the influence of different continuous pipeline parameters (assembly spacing and angle) are explored on the erosion and wear mechanism of curved pipeline. The results show that the shape of the particles has a great influence on the wear of the curved pipeline. As the shape factor of the particles decreases, the wear tends to decrease. The bent area is subject to erosion changes as the particle parameters and piping parameters. The increase in pipeline diameter is beneficial to reduce the maximum and the average erosion wear rate. When the bent angle of the pipeline is less than 90 deg, the maximum erosion wear rate is basically the same. But when it is greater than 90 deg, it decreases with the increase in the bent angle. When the assembly angle of double curved pipeline is between 0 deg and 60 deg, the elbow is subject to severe erosion wear. At the same time, increasing the assembly spacing is beneficial to reduce the erosion wear rate. The research can provide a theoretical support for subsequent engineering applications.

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THE IMPACT OF FAMILY ENVIRONMENT ON CHILDREN’S ANXIETY LEVEL/ ŠEIMOS APLINKOS POVEIKIS VAIKO NERIMO LYGIUI

SPECIALUSIS UGDYMAS / SPECIAL EDUCATION ◽

10.21277/se.v1i38.395 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (38) ◽

pp. 191

Author(s):

Mieczysław Dudek ◽

Eva Dolinská ◽

Vladimir Klein ◽

Viera Šilonová

Keyword(s):

Family Environment ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Developmental Disorders ◽

Great Influence ◽

Adult Life ◽

Anxiety Level ◽

Rural And Urban Areas ◽

Rural And Urban ◽

Children’S Anxiety ◽

The Impact

Family and emotional relationships governing its functioning have a great influence upon the development of a person and his/her adult life. The specificity of a family environment is believed to be the key factor which either protects against, or contributes to, the emergence of developmental disorders during adolescence. Research results presented in this paper aim at highlighting the relationships between traits of family environment and children’s anxiety level. The research was conducted from 2015 to 2016 among 180 students of Polish junior high schools located in both: rural and urban areas. Šeima ir emociniai ryšiai daro didelę įtaką vaiko raidai ir suaugusiojo gyvenimui. Manoma, kad šeimos aplinkos specifika yra esminis veiksnys, kuris arba apsaugo nuo vystymosi sutrikimų paauglystės laikotarpiu atsiradimo, arba juos sukelia. Straipsnyje pateikiami tyrimų rezultatai siekia pabrėžti ryšį tarp šeimos aplinkos ypatybių ir vaikų nerimo lygio. Tyrimas buvo atliekamas 2015 m., apklausiant 180 Lenkijos aukštesniųjų klasių mokinių iš kaimiškųjų vietovių ir miestų

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Evaluation of women’s quality of life after breast reconstruction surgery

Pomeranian Journal of Life Sciences ◽

10.21164/pomjlifesci.698 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 66 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Marta Stanisz ◽

Ewelina Kolak ◽

Dorota Branecka-Woźniak ◽

Renata Robaszkiewicz-Boukaz ◽

Przemysław Ciepiela ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Quality Of Life ◽

Breast Reconstruction ◽

Great Influence ◽

Well Being ◽

World Health ◽

World Health Organization Quality ◽

Reconstruction Surgery ◽

The Impact

Introduction: Breast cancer is the most common malignancy among women, and is usually treated surgically. Mastectomy has a great influence on the mental and physical condition of women. Breast reconstruction offers them a chance to improve their quality of life (QOL) and self-image.The main aim of the study was to gain knowledge about the impact of breast reconstruction on the QOL of women following mastectomy, and an analysis of the QOL after breast reconstruction, in the context of prosthesis effect assessment.Materials and methods: The study comprised 100 women following breast reconstructive surgery involved in 1 of the 7 “Amazon Clubs” (post-mastectomy women’s associations) in the West Pomeranian Voivodeship, northwest Poland. The study was based on the author’s questionnaire, and a shortened standardized version of the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF) questionnaire. Statistical calculations were performed with StatSoft Statistica v10 software, adopting a significance level of p < 0.05.Results: The women who decided to have breast reconstruction surgery, noticed improved well-being (67%) and experiencedan increase in self-confidence (61%). The vast majority ofthe patients surveyed (93%) were satisfied with the effectof the prosthesis. Statistically significant differences in QOL were observed in the following spheres: rest and sleep, work capacity, negative feelings, and financial resources (p < 0.05) in relation to the evaluation of the prosthesis effect.Conclusions: 1. Breast reconstruction has a positive influence on improvements in well-being, increasing self-esteem, and the assessment of a more attractive appearance in women of all ages. 2. Breast reconstruction surgery has a positive impact on QOL and health in the physical, psychological, and environmental domains, especially in the women who are satisfied with the effects of the surgery. 3. A negative assessment of the breast reconstruction effect has an adverse influence on QOL. Identifying the factors affecting dissatisfaction with the post-operative outcome is crucial for a complete understanding of the subject, and for implementing measures aimed at improving the QOL of these women.Keywords: quality of life; mastectomy; breast cancer; breast reconstruction; breast surgery.

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Managing a 5G mobile phone supply chain under the impact of strategic consumers: A two-period game analysis and applications

RAIRO - Operations Research ◽

10.1051/ro/2021047 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Qin Zhang ◽

Zijian He ◽

Junhai Ma

Keyword(s):

Supply Chain ◽

Mobile Phone ◽

Stackelberg Game ◽

Great Influence ◽

Purchasing Behavior ◽

Optimal Price ◽

Nash Game ◽

Strategic Consumers ◽

Game Analysis ◽

The Impact

Consumers' strategic purchasing behavior has a great influence on the pricing and sales of new products. In order to study the impact of strategic consumers on the sales of 5G mobile phones, we establish a two-period pricing model. The supply chain contains two manufacturers, a communications operator and a mobile phone retailer. Cases where two manufacturers have the same or different pricing rights are researched by using the Stackelberg game and the Nash game model. Our research results are as follows:(1) We obtain the optimal 5G communication fees in two periods and find out how they change with the proportion of consumers changing. (2) We figure out the profits of the supply chain in two periods and analyze them. We find that the communication operator earns more than the others most of the time. (3) We investigate how the proportion of strategic consumer impact on supply chain profits and conclude that the optimal price and demand in a period will decrease as the proportion of consumers who only purchase products in the other period increases.

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ГЕОГРАФІЧНА СТРУКТУРА УРБАНОФЛОР СТЕПОВОЇ ЗОНИ УКРАЇНИ

Biological Bulletin of Bogdan Chmelnitskiy Melitopol State Pedagogical University ◽

10.15421/201653 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 239-245

Author(s):

G. G. Derevyanska ◽

O. Z. Glukhov

Keyword(s):

Great Influence ◽

Steppe Zone ◽

Significant Heterogeneity ◽

Geographic Ranges ◽

Urban Flora ◽

Adventive Species ◽

Number Of Species ◽

The Impact ◽

Transition Type

This paper considers the problem of geographic links between the urban flora of steppe zone of Ukraine on the example of the industrial agglomeration Donetsk-Makeyevka, in comparison with urban flora of Kherson and Kirovograd. We presented the detailed description of special features of the composition of geographic elements of the agglomeration flora. It strongly reflects the characteristic features of steppe urban flora, because its territory is affected by the anthropogenic influence at large extend. The spectrum of geographic ranges of species from the agglomeration Donetsk-Makeyevka urban flora numbers 6 types, 12 classes and 130 groups of ranges. The urban flora is both represented by species with wide and local ranges, endemics, that point to its significant heterogeneity. However, compared to the flora of Kherson and Kirovograd, the role of holarctic type of ranges in the agglomeration flora (375 species compared to 400 and 522 species, respectively) is reduced in favor of the polyregional type, reflecting active adventization processes. The holarctic class itself is represented by 150 species (16.7%). It far exceeds the number of species of this class in the regional flora (9.2%), since nearly a half of their number in the observed flora is adventive species. Second place by the number of species in the holarctic class belongs to the European and North American group (13; 1.5%). Apart from this, seven more groups of the class, comprising 1-3 species each, are connected with North America. The polyregional type is represented to a large extent by the species of ruderal habitats. The total number of species of this type is 199. The palaearctic class includes the greatest number of ranges of species from the agglomeration urban flora (31); it consists of 175 species (19.5%), that is less than such index for regional flora (27.3%). The European and Old Mediterranean transition type comprises 97 species (10.8%), that is less than in other urban flora of steppe zone (128; 13.3% in Kherson and 171; 18.0% in Kirovograd). The Nomadic type numbers 132 species (14.7%). One more species – Verbascum marschallianum Ivanina et Tzvelev – is related to the Nomadic and European transition type. The Nomadic and Old Mediterranean transition type includes 93 species (10.4%). This all suggests heterogeneity of urban flora of steppe zone of Ukraine due to their wide geographic connections. On the one hand, they have features of regional flora, which was formed under the great influence of Old Mediterranean flora and has a significant number of narrow-range and endemic species. On the other hand, under the impact of urbanization one can observe the reduction of the role of ranges of the Nomadic type and the enhanced role of the polyregional type due to the significant number of adventive species.

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