Novel Nanocomposite PLA Films with Lignin/Zinc Oxide Hybrids: Design, Characterization, Interaction with Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Herein we present the production of novel nanocomposite films consisting of polylactic acid (PLA) polymer and the inclusion of nanoparticles of lignin (LNP), ZnO and hybrid ZnO@LNP (ZnO, 3.5% wt, ICP), characterized by similar regular shapes and different diameter distribution (30–70 nm and 100–150 nm, respectively). The obtained set of binary, ternary and quaternary systems were similar in surface wettability and morphology but different in the tensile performance: while the presence of LNP and ZnO in PLA caused a reduction of elastic modulus, stress and deformation at break, the inclusion of ZnO@LNP increased the stiffness and tensile strength (σb = 65.9 MPa and EYoung = 3030 MPa) with respect to neat PLA (σb = 37.4 MPa and EYoung = 2280 MPa). Neat and nanocomposite PLA-derived films were suitable for adult human bone marrow-mesenchymal stem cells and adipose stem cell cultures, as showed by their viability and behavior comparable to control conditions. Both stem cell types adhered to the films’ surface by vinculin focal adhesion spots and responded to the films’ mechanical properties by orchestrating the F-actin–filamin A interaction. Collectively, our results support the biomedical application of neat- and nanocomposite-PLA films and, based on the absence of toxicity in seeded stem cells, provide a proof of principle of their safety for food packaging purposes.

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Abstract 17093: Human Neonatal Cardiac Mesenchymal Stem Cells Demonstrates Superior Cardiac Regenerative Abilities Compared to Other Stem Cells

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.142.suppl_3.17093 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽

Author(s):

Muthukumar Gunasekaran ◽

Rachana Mishra ◽

Progyaparamita Saha ◽

Xuebin Fu ◽

Mohamed Abdullah ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Myocardial Infarction ◽

Stem Cells ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

Stem Cell ◽

Inflammatory Cytokines ◽

Cell Types ◽

Wild Type ◽

Cell Type ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Stem Cell Type

Stem cells transplantation is being explored as an effective therapy for heart diseases. However, majority of stem cell therapies for adult patients with myocardial infarction (MI) had mixed and inconsistent results implying chronological age may influence the effectiveness of regenerative therapies. Therefore, herein, we performed a head-to-head comparison between different, well-studied stem cell types to identify the superior regenerative cell type using rodent MI model.After our standard characterization for each stem cell type (FACS for cell surface markers), 1 million neonatal Cardiac Mesenchymal Stem cells (nMSCs), adult MSCs (aMSCs), adult derived cardiosphere derived cells (aCDCs), umbilical cord derived cells (UCBCs), Bone Marrow derived Mesenchymal Stem cells (BM-MSCs), or cell-free Iscove Modified Dulbecco Medium (IMDM as placebo control) were injected into athymic rat myocardial infarct model. Although all the tested groups significantly improved ejection fraction, nMSCs outperformed other stem cells in cardiac functional recovery. Additionally, nMSCs also showed significant increased cardiac functional recovery compared to aMSCs in wild type rat MI model. Mason trichrome staining with heart sections revealed that decreased fibrosis was evident on nMSCs injection compared to aMSCs in both athymic and wild type rat MI model. Myocardial sections from rats received nMSCs showed significantly reduced M1 macrophages (inflammatory) and increased M2 macrophages (anti-inflammatory) compared with sections from rats having received aMSCs and IMDM control. Pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines analyzed on sera collected on day 2 and 7 revealed that anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL10) was significantly increased and inflammatory cytokines (IL4 and IL12) reduced in nMSCs compared to aMSCs transplanted MI rat model.In conclusion, nMSCs demonstrated superior functional abilities, reduced fibrosis, inflammatory cells and cytokines compared to all the other cell types and with aMSCs demonstrating that nMSCs is an ideal stem cell type for therapeutic application in myocardial infarction.

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Comparison of the Proliferation and Differentiation Potential of Human Urine-, Placenta Decidua Basalis-, and Bone Marrow-Derived Stem Cells

Stem Cells International ◽

10.1155/2018/7131532 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Chengguang Wu ◽

Long Chen ◽

Yi-zhou Huang ◽

Yongcan Huang ◽

Ornella Parolini ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Bone Marrow ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

Stem Cell ◽

Stem Cell Differentiation ◽

Cell Types ◽

Stem Cell Marker ◽

Differentiation Potential ◽

Multipotent Stem Cells ◽

Decidua Basalis

Human multipotent stem cell-based therapies have shown remarkable potential in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering applications due to their abilities of self-renewal and differentiation into multiple adult cell types under appropriate conditions. Presently, human multipotent stem cells can be isolated from different sources, but variation among their basic biology can result in suboptimal selection of seed cells in preclinical and clinical research. Thus, the goal of this study was to compare the biological characteristics of multipotent stem cells isolated from human bone marrow, placental decidua basalis, and urine, respectively. First, we found that urine-derived stem cells (USCs) displayed different morphologies compared with other stem cell types. USCs and placenta decidua basalis-derived mesenchymal stem cells (PDB-MSCs) had superior proliferation ability in contrast to bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs); these cells grew to have the highest colony-forming unit (CFU) counts. In phenotypic analysis using flow cytometry, similarity among all stem cell marker expression was found, excluding CD29 and CD105. Regarding stem cell differentiation capability, USCs were observed to have better adipogenic and endothelial abilities as well as vascularization potential compared to BMSCs and PDB-MSCs. As for osteogenic and chondrogenic induction, BMSCs were superior to all three stem cell types. Future therapeutic indications and clinical applications of BMSCs, PDB-MSCs, and USCs should be based on their characteristics, such as growth kinetics and differentiation capabilities.

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Impact of Graphene Derivatives as Artificial Extracellular Matrices on Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules27020379 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 27 (2) ◽

pp. 379

Author(s):

Rabia Ikram ◽

Shamsul Azlin Ahmad Shamsuddin ◽

Badrul Mohamed Jan ◽

Muhammad Abdul Qadir ◽

George Kenanakis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

Stem Cell ◽

Regenerative Medicine ◽

Cell Types ◽

Biological Properties ◽

Research Progress ◽

Differentiation Potential ◽

Graphene Derivatives ◽

Potential Applicability

Thanks to stem cells’ capability to differentiate into multiple cell types, damaged human tissues and organs can be rapidly well-repaired. Therefore, their applicability in the emerging field of regenerative medicine can be further expanded, serving as a promising multifunctional tool for tissue engineering, treatments for various diseases, and other biomedical applications as well. However, the differentiation and survival of the stem cells into specific lineages is crucial to be exclusively controlled. In this frame, growth factors and chemical agents are utilized to stimulate and adjust proliferation and differentiation of the stem cells, although challenges related with degradation, side effects, and high cost should be overcome. Owing to their unique physicochemical and biological properties, graphene-based nanomaterials have been widely used as scaffolds to manipulate stem cell growth and differentiation potential. Herein, we provide the most recent research progress in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) growth, differentiation and function utilizing graphene derivatives as extracellular scaffolds. The interaction of graphene derivatives in human and rat MSCs has been also evaluated. Graphene-based nanomaterials are biocompatible, exhibiting a great potential applicability in stem-cell-mediated regenerative medicine as they may promote the behaviour control of the stem cells. Finally, the challenges, prospects and future trends in the field are discussed.

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CD90- (Thy-1-) High Selection Enhances Reprogramming Capacity of Murine Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Disease Markers ◽

10.1155/2013/392578 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 35 ◽

pp. 573-579 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Koichi Kawamoto ◽

Masamitsu Konno ◽

Hiroaki Nagano ◽

Shimpei Nishikawa ◽

Yoshito Tomimaru ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

Stem Cell ◽

Cell Therapy ◽

Tolerance Induction ◽

Cell Types ◽

Effective Strategy ◽

Cell Sorter ◽

High Selection ◽

Selection Of

Background. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), including adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSC), are multipotent and can differentiate into various cell types possessing unique immunomodulatory features. Several clinical trials have demonstrated the safety and possible efficacy of MSCs in organ transplantation. Thus, stem cell therapy is promising for tolerance induction. In this study, we assessed the reprogramming capacity of murine ADSCs and found that CD90 (Thy-1), originally discovered as a thymocyte antigen, could be a useful marker for cell therapy.Method. Murine ADSCs were isolated from B6 mice, sorted using a FACSAria cell sorter by selection ofCD90HiorCD90Lo, and then transduced with four standard factors (4F; Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc).Results. Unsorted,CD90Hi-sorted, andCD90Lo-sorted murine ADSCs were reprogrammed using standard 4F transduction.CD90HiADSCs showed increased numbers of alkaline phosphatase-positive colonies compared withCD90LoADSCs. The relative reprogramming efficiencies of unsorted,CD90Hi-sorted, andCD90Lo-sorted ADSCs were 100%, 116.5%, and 74.7%, respectively.CD90Hicells were more responsive to reprogramming.Conclusion.CD90HiADSCs had greater reprogramming capacity thanCD90LoADSCs, suggesting that ADSCs have heterogeneous subpopulations. Thus,CD90Hiselection presents an effective strategy to isolate a highly suppressive subpopulation for stem cell-based tolerance induction therapy.

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Prospect of Stem Cells in Bone Tissue Engineering: A Review

Stem Cells International ◽

10.1155/2016/6180487 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-13 ◽

Cited By ~ 88

Author(s):

Azizeh-Mitra Yousefi ◽

Paul F. James ◽

Rosa Akbarzadeh ◽

Aswati Subramanian ◽

Conor Flavin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tissue Engineering ◽

Stem Cells ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

Stem Cell ◽

Bone Tissue Engineering ◽

Bone Tissue ◽

Cell Types ◽

3D Scaffold ◽

Stem Cell Source ◽

Induced Pluripotent

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been the subject of many studies in recent years, ranging from basic science that looks into MSCs properties to studies that aim for developing bioengineered tissues and organs. Adult bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) have been the focus of most studies due to the inherent potential of these cells to differentiate into various cell types. Although, the discovery of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) represents a paradigm shift in our understanding of cellular differentiation. These cells are another attractive stem cell source because of their ability to be reprogramed, allowing the generation of multiple cell types from a single cell. This paper briefly covers various types of stem cell sources that have been used for tissue engineering applications, with a focus on bone regeneration. Then, an overview of some recent studies making use of MSC-seeded 3D scaffold systems for bone tissue engineering has been presented. The emphasis has been placed on the reported scaffold properties that tend to improve MSCs adhesion, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation outcomes.

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128 Next-generation RNA sequencing of horse adipose and endometrial mesenchymal stem cells from the same donors unveils striking differences in their transcriptomic pattern

Reproduction Fertility and Development ◽

10.1071/rdv31n1ab128 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 31 (1) ◽

pp. 189

Author(s):

F. Navarrete ◽

E. Mellisho ◽

Y. Wang ◽

J. Cabezas ◽

L. L. Rodriguez-Alvarez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Stem Cells ◽

Gene Ontology ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

Stem Cell ◽

Cell Types ◽

Biological Traits ◽

Next Generation ◽

Pca Analysis ◽

Heat Map

Earlier we successfully isolated and characterised endometrial (eMSC) and adipose (aMSC) mesenchymal stem cells from the same donors. Mesenchymal stem cells share biological traits but display different surface marker phenotype and migration ability. Here we extended our research to their mRNA signature using next-generation sequencing. The RNA from cells (3 biological replicates from each cell type and 3 technical replicates) at 90% confluence was extracted using a total RNA extraction kit and sent for mRNA-Seq (Norgen, Ontario, Canada; Illumina Sequencing Platform NextSEqn 500). Raw 76-bp single-end reads were aligned against the EquCab3 genome using RNA-STAR aligner. Counts were filtrated at a minimum of 5. Pairwise comparisons between the cell types were the input for gene ontology enrichment analysis. Only genes differentially expressed (DE) with 5 folds change (FC; P<0.05) were analysed. For DE analysis, eMSC were set as control and compared with aMSC. Unsupervised hierarchical clustering of the global gene expression signatures was done to compare the samples from each line using principal component analysis (PCA) and EdgeR: v3.20.9. Gene expression was normalized using FPKM. The heat map was built using R studio with G-plot package. A total of 14,896 transcripts with at least 5 reads were found; of these, 1598 were DE: 627 up-regulated (FC range: 2 to 236×) and 971 down-regulated (FC range: 2 to 464×) in eMSC. There was a marked dispersion in the FC of up- and down-regulated genes (>50×: 8 and 13; >20×, <50×: 9 and 17; >10×, <20×: 29 and 63; >5×, <10×: 91 and 130 and >2×, <5×: 490 and 748, respectively). Only genes DE with FC at least 5× were used for gene ontology and PCA analysis. Though 14,058 genes were common to both cell types, specific set of genes were found only in eMSC (n=162) or aMSC (n=676). Among the top 50 genes overexpressed in eMSC, several genes key for stem cell growth, immune response, migration and angiogenesis were found: TRIL, CXCL8, PDGF-D, SEMA5A, PTGS2, FGD, LAMA2, IL36G. In the top 50 down-regulated genes, some pivotal for osteoblast, adipogenic and neural differentiation were dramatically down-regulated (GPM6B, SCARA5 and NOTCH3 or NEFM, respectively), but no genes involved in immune rejection or stem cell proliferation were found. In gene ontology, the categories represented the most were cellular, developmental, metabolic, and immune system processes, as well as biological regulation, response to stimuli, organellar biogenesis, locomotion, localization and biological adhesion. Heat map and PCA analysis showed that one individual cell line from each type diverged markedly from the shared pattern. Individual variability of the donors may impinge upon the results; nevertheless, striking differences in the mRNA portfolio of eMSC and aMSC were detected. The importance and potential biological role of several of the genes and processes named above will be discussed in detail elsewhere. This work was supported by grant FONDECYT REGULAR 1150757 and the Government of Chile.

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The bone marrow stem cell niche grows up: mesenchymal stem cells and macrophages move in

Journal of Experimental Medicine ◽

10.1084/jem.20110132 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 208 (3) ◽

pp. 421-428 ◽

Cited By ~ 363

Author(s):

Armin Ehninger ◽

Andreas Trumpp

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Bone Marrow ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

Stem Cell ◽

Cell Function ◽

Cell Types ◽

Nerve Fibers ◽

Hematopoietic Stem ◽

Sympathetic Nerve Fibers ◽

Cell Mobilization

Stem cell niches are defined as the cellular and molecular microenvironments that regulate stem cell function together with stem cell autonomous mechanisms. This includes control of the balance between quiescence, self-renewal, and differentiation, as well as the engagement of specific programs in response to stress. In mammals, the best understood niche is that harboring bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Recent studies have expanded the number of cell types contributing to the HSC niche. Perivascular mesenchymal stem cells and macrophages now join the previously identified sinusoidal endothelial cells, sympathetic nerve fibers, and cells of the osteoblastic lineage to form similar, but distinct, niches that harbor dormant and self-renewing HSCs during homeostasis and mediate stem cell mobilization in response to granulocyte colony-stimulating factor.

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The effect of PEGylated hollow gold nanoparticles on stem cell migration: potential application in tissue regeneration

Nanoscale ◽

10.1039/c7nr01853c ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (28) ◽

pp. 9848-9858 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Maria del Mar Encabo-Berzosa ◽

Maria Sancho-Albero ◽

Alejandra Crespo ◽

Vanesa Andreu ◽

Victor Sebastian ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Gold Nanoparticles ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

Stem Cell ◽

Tissue Regeneration ◽

Cell Types ◽

Stem Cell Migration ◽

Hollow Gold Nanoparticles ◽

Migration Potential ◽

Different Cell Types

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) not only can be differentiated into different cell types but also have tropism towards injured or inflamed tissues serving as repair cells.

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Dental Tissue-Derived Stem Cells as a Candidate for Neural Regeneration

Journal of Genes and Cells ◽

10.15562/gnc.60 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 3 ◽

pp. 69 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Samira Malekzadeh ◽

Mohammad Amin Edalatmanesh ◽

Davood Mehrabani ◽

Mehrdad Shariati ◽

Sima Malekzadeh

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

Stem Cell ◽

Cell Therapy ◽

Cell Types ◽

Review Article ◽

Neural Regeneration ◽

Dental Stem Cells ◽

Dental Tissue ◽

Dental Tissues

In recent years, stem cell therapy tried to improve the life of patients that suffer from neurodegenerative disease, like Alzheimer's disease. Although teeth are non-essential for life, but the dental tissues are an important source of mesenchymal stem cells that are suitable for neural regeneration. The studies showed that dental stem cells (DSCs) have the potential to differentiate into several cell types that among the most important is neural progenitor. In this review article, discusses the types of dental stem cells and then focused on application of dental stem cells on neural regeneration.

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Cellular Technologies in Traumatology: From Cells to Tissue Engineering

Acta biomedica scientifica ◽

10.29413/abs.2021-6.2.19 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 166-175

Author(s):

N. N. Dremina ◽

I. S. Trukhan ◽

I. A. Shurygina

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

Stem Cell ◽

Growth Factors ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Cell Types ◽

Biologically Active ◽

3D Bioprinting ◽

Inflammatory Reactions

Injuries and degenerative changes of tendons are common damages of the musculoskeletal system. Due to its hypovascular character the tendon has a limited natural ability to recover. For typical surgical treatment, the tendon integrity is restored, but in most cases, there occurs formation of the connective tissue scar resulting in structural and mechanical functionality disruption. The insufficient effectiveness of traditional therapy methods requires the search for alternative ways to restore damaged tendon tissues. This article discusses new effective methods for improving the treatment that base on the use of cellular technologies among which one of the main directions is mesenchymal stem cell application. Due to mesenchymal stem cells, there is a shift from pro-fibrotic and pro-inflammatory reactions of cells to pro-regenerative ones. Stem cells being multipotent and having among other things tenogenic potential are considered a promising material for repairing damaged tendons. The article also describes the sources of progenitor tendon cells including the tendon bundles and pericytes the main markers of which are Scx and Mkx that are proteins of the transcription factor superfamily, and Tnmd that is transmembrane glycoprotein.The growth factors that not only enhance the proliferative activity of mesenchymal stem cells but also promote in vitro tenogenic genes expression as well as the collagen Itype production what is necessary for tendon formation are considered. Along with growth factors, the morphogenetic protein BMP14 is presented, this protein increases themesenchymal stem cell proliferation and contributes directed tenogenic differentiation of these cells, suppressing their adipogenic and chondrogenic potentials.In recent years, mesenchymal stem cells have been used both separately and in combination with various growth factors and different three-dimensional structures providing the interaction with all of the cell types.The issues of the latest 3D-bioprinting technology allowing to make tissue-like structures for replacement damaged tissues and organs are discussed. 3D-bioprinting technology is known to allow acting exact spatio-temporal control of the distribution of cells, growth factors, small molecules, drugs and biologically active substances.

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