scholarly journals Glyconanomaterials for Human Virus Detection and Inhibition

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1684
Author(s):  
Noelia Losada-Garcia ◽  
Carla Garcia-Sanz ◽  
Alicia Andreu ◽  
Trinidad Velasco-Torrijos ◽  
Jose M. Palomo
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Ebola Virus ◽  
Antiviral Agents ◽  
Virus Detection ◽  
Improve Patient Care ◽  
Human Virus ◽  
Minimal Invasiveness ◽  
Biological Recognition ◽  
Clinical Drugs ◽  
Virus Zika

Viruses are among the most infectious pathogens, responsible for the highest death toll around the world. Lack of effective clinical drugs for most viral diseases emphasizes the need for speedy and accurate diagnosis at early stages of infection to prevent rapid spread of the pathogens. Glycans are important molecules which are involved in different biological recognition processes, especially in the spread of infection by mediating virus interaction with endothelial cells. Thus, novel strategies based on nanotechnology have been developed for identifying and inhibiting viruses in a fast, selective, and precise way. The nanosized nature of nanomaterials and their exclusive optical, electronic, magnetic, and mechanical features can improve patient care through using sensors with minimal invasiveness and extreme sensitivity. This review provides an overview of the latest advances of functionalized glyconanomaterials, for rapid and selective biosensing detection of molecules as biomarkers or specific glycoproteins and as novel promising antiviral agents for different kinds of serious viruses, such as the Dengue virus, Ebola virus, influenza virus, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), influenza virus, Zika virus, or coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19).

scholarly journals DIFFERENT TECHNIQUES OF EXTRACTION AND ANTIVIRAL ACTIVITIES OF QUERCETIN AGAINST VIRUSES SUCH AS CORONAVIRUS, INFLUENZA VIRUS, EBOLA VIRUS, ZIKA VIRUS, AND OTHER VIRUSES

2020 ◽  
pp. 4-9
Author(s):  
DALILA ABDESSEMED
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Antiviral Activity ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Ebola Virus ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Favorable Effect ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Syncytial Virus ◽  
Virus Zika

Quercetin (QCT) is a flavonoid, existed as a pigment in various plants. It is a bioactive compound that has a favorable effect on human health. Our work concerns the selection of different rapid techniques for QCT extraction, published on the different scientific databases, as ultrasound-assisted enzymatic extraction process, supercritical CO2 extraction, microwave-assisted extraction and consists of researching the antiviral activity of QCT and derivatives against viruses such as coronaviruses, influenza virus, human respiratory syncytial virus, Epstein-Barr virus gastric tumor, anti-hepatitis B virus, Zika virus, and Ebola. Following this research, we found that this molecule has a broad-spectrum antiviral activity. Is it effective in controlling this new form of coronavirus, this devastating virus, which currently affects thousands of people?

scholarly journals Synthesis and Antiviral Activity of Camphene Derivatives against Different Types of Viruses

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 2235
Author(s):  
Anastasiya S. Sokolova ◽  
Valentina P. Putilova ◽  
Olga I. Yarovaya ◽  
Anastasiya V. Zybkina ◽  
Ekaterina D. Mordvinova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Antiviral Activity ◽  
Rational Design ◽  
Ebola Virus ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Antiviral Agents ◽  
Antiviral Drug ◽  
Surface Proteins ◽  
Hantaan Virus

To date, the ‘one bug-one drug’ approach to antiviral drug development cannot effectively respond to the constant threat posed by an increasing diversity of viruses causing outbreaks of viral infections that turn out to be pathogenic for humans. Evidently, there is an urgent need for new strategies to develop efficient antiviral agents with broad-spectrum activities. In this paper, we identified camphene derivatives that showed broad antiviral activities in vitro against a panel of enveloped pathogenic viruses, including influenza virus A/PR/8/34 (H1N1), Ebola virus (EBOV), and the Hantaan virus. The lead-compound 2a, with pyrrolidine cycle in its structure, displayed antiviral activity against influenza virus (IC50 = 45.3 µM), Ebola pseudotype viruses (IC50 = 0.12 µM), and authentic EBOV (IC50 = 18.3 µM), as well as against pseudoviruses with Hantaan virus Gn-Gc glycoprotein (IC50 = 9.1 µM). The results of antiviral activity studies using pseudotype viruses and molecular modeling suggest that surface proteins of the viruses required for the fusion process between viral and cellular membranes are the likely target of compound 2a. The key structural fragments responsible for efficient binding are the bicyclic natural framework and the nitrogen atom. These data encourage us to conduct further investigations using bicyclic monoterpenoids as a scaffold for the rational design of membrane-fusion targeting inhibitors.

scholarly journals A Review of THz Technologies for Rapid Sensing and Detection of Viruses including SARS-CoV-2

Biosensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 349
Author(s):  
Naznin Akter ◽  
Muhammad Mahmudul Hasan ◽  
Nezih Pala
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Viral Particle ◽  
Ebola Virus ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Virus Detection ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Terahertz Technology ◽  
Virus Zika

Virus epidemics such as Ebola virus, Zika virus, MERS-coronavirus, and others have wreaked havoc on humanity in the last decade. In addition, a coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic and its continuously evolving mutants have become so deadly that they have forced the entire technical advancement of healthcare into peril. Traditional ways of detecting these viruses have been successful to some extent, but they are costly, time-consuming, and require specialized human resources. Terahertz-based biosensors have the potential to lead the way for low-cost, non-invasive, and rapid virus detection. This review explores the latest progresses in terahertz technology-based biosensors for the virus, viral particle, and antigen detection, as well as upcoming research directions in the field.

scholarly journals Detection of influenza virus in rectal swabs of patients admitted in hospital for febrile illnesses in Thailand

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 205031212198963
Author(s):  
Artit Sangkakam ◽  
Pasin Hemachudha ◽  
Abhinbhen W Saraya ◽  
Benjamard Thaweethee-Sukjai ◽  
Thaniwan Cheun-Arom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Rectal Swab ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Virus Detection ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Swab ◽  
Influenza Virus Detection

Introduction: Influenza virus favours the respiratory tract as its primary site of host entry and replication, and it is transmitted mainly via respiratory secretions. Nasopharyngeal swab is the gold standard specimen type for influenza detection, but several studies have also suggested that the virus replicates in the human gastrointestinal tract. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on all patients positive for influenza virus and initially recruited as part of the PREDICT project from 2017 to 2018. The objectives of the study were to investigate whether rectal swab could aid in improving influenza detection, and if there was any correlation between gastrointestinal disturbances and severity of infection, using length of hospital stay as an indicator of severity. Results: Of the 51 influenza-positive patients, 12 had detectable influenza virus in their rectal swab. Among these 12 rectal swab positive patients, influenza virus was not detected in the nasopharyngeal swab of three of them. Gastrointestinal symptoms were observed for 28.2% patients with a negative rectal swab negative and 25.0% patients with a positive rectal swab. Average length of hospital stay was 4.2 days for rectal swab positive group and 3.7 days for rectal swab negative group. This difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.288). Conclusions: There is no correlation between influenza virus detection in rectal swab and gastrointestinal disturbances or disease severity, and there is currently insufficient evidence to support replicative ability in the gastrointestinal tract.

scholarly journals Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever: Recent Update On Disease Status, Current Therapies And Advances In Treatment

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-234
Author(s):  
Jaskaran Singh ◽  
Thapa Komal ◽  
Sandeep Arora ◽  
Amarjot Kaur ◽  
Thakur Gurjeet Singh
Keyword(s):  
Ebola Virus ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Disease Status ◽  
Clinical Test ◽  
Assessment Development ◽  
Hiv Virus ◽  
The World ◽  
New Guidelines ◽  
Virus Zika ◽  
Grade Methodology

Swiftly growing viruses are a major intimidation to human health. Such viruses are extremely pathogenic like Ebola virus, influenza virus, HIV virus, Zika virus etc . Ebola virus, a type of Filovirus, is an extremely infectious, single-stranded ribonucleic acid virus that infects both humans and apes, prompting acute fever with hemorrhagic syndrome. The high infectivity, severity and mortality of Ebola has plagued the world for the past fifty years with its first outbreak in 1976 in Marburg, Germany, and Frankfurt along with Belgrade and Serbia. The world has perceived about 28,000 cases and over 11,000 losses. The high lethality of Ebola makes it a candidate for use in bioterrorism thereby arising more concern. New guidelines have been framed for providing best possible care to the patients suffering from Ebola virus i.e Grading of Recommendation Assessment, Development And Evaluation (GRADE) methodology to develop evidence-based strategy for the treatment in future outbreak of Ebola virus. No drugs have been approved, while many potent drugs like rVSV-EBOV, Favipiravir, ZMapp are on clinical test for human safety. In this review we will discover and discuss perspective aspects that lead to the evolution of different Ebola variants as well as advances in various drugs and vaccines for treatment of the disease.

scholarly journals Screening and Purification of NanB Sialidase From Pasteurella Multocida With Activity in Hydrolyzing Sialic Acid Neu5Acα(2-6)Gal

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Marco Hadi Nugroho ◽  
Ryan Septa Kurnia ◽  
Simson Tarigan ◽  
Otto Sahat Martua Silaen ◽  
Silvia Tri Widyaningtyas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Antiviral Activity ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Pasteurella Multocida ◽  
Antiviral Agents ◽  
Influenza Virus Infection ◽  
Ligand Complex ◽  
In Silico Studies

Abstract Study on sialidases as antiviral agents has been widely performed, but many types of sialidase had not been tested for their antiviral activity. One of such sialidase is the NanB sialidase of Pasteurella multocida, which has never been isolated for further study. In this study, the activity of NanB sialidase was investigated in silico by docking the NanB sialidase of Pasteurella multocida to the Neu5Acα(2-6)Gal ligand. Additionally, some local isolates of Pasteurella multocida, which had the NanB gene were screened, and the proteins were isolated for further testing regarding their activity in hydrolyzing Neu5Acα(2-6)Gal. In silico studies showed that the NanB sialidase possesses an exceptional affinity towards forming a protein-ligand complex with Neu5Acα(2-6)Gal. This was further confirmed by showing that a dose of 0.258 U/ml (100%) NanB sialidase of Pasteurella multocida B018 can hydrolyze up to 44.28% of Neu5Acα(2-6)Gal in chicken red blood cells and 81.95% in rabbit red blood cells. This study suggested that the NanB sialidase of Pasteurella multocida B018 has a potent antiviral activity that can inhibit avian influenza virus infection.

scholarly journals ESwab challenges influenza virus propagation in cell cultures

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (50) ◽  
Author(s):  
R Trebbien ◽  
B Andersen ◽  
J Rønn ◽  
J McCauley ◽  
T Kølsen Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Virus Detection ◽  
Influenza Viruses ◽  
Influenza Surveillance ◽  
Virus Propagation ◽  
Rna Detection ◽  
Viral Propagation ◽  
Influenza Virus Detection ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Darby Canine Kidney

Although the ESwab kit (Copan, Brescia, Italy) is intended for sampling bacteria for culture, this kit is increasingly also used for virus sampling. The effect of ESwab medium on influenza virus detection by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) or virus propagation in Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cell culture was investigated. The ESwab medium was suitable for viral RNA detection but not for viral propagation due to cytotoxicity. Sampling influenza viruses with ESwab challenges influenza surveillance by strongly limiting the possibility of antigenic characterisation.

scholarly journals Resveratrol as a Novel Anti-Herpes Simplex Virus Nutraceutical Agent: An Overview

Viruses ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Annunziata ◽  
Maria Maisto ◽  
Connie Schisano ◽  
Roberto Ciampaglia ◽  
Viviana Narciso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Simplex Virus ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Antiviral Agents ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
The Body ◽  
Human Virus ◽  
Simplex Virus ◽  
Different Parts ◽  
Hsv Infections

The herpes simplex virus (HSV) is a common human virus affecting many people worldwide. HSV infections manifest with lesions that occur in different parts of the body, including oral, ocular, nasal, and genital skin and mucosa. In rare cases, HSV infections can be serious and lethal. Several anti-HSV drugs have been developed, but the existence of mutant viruses resistant to these drugs led to the individuation of novel antiviral agents. Plant-derived bioactive compounds, and more specifically polyphenols, have been demonstrated to exert marked anti-HSV activity and, among these, resveratrol (RSV) would be considered a good candidate. The purpose of this manuscript is to review the available literature elucidating the efficacy of RSV against HSV and the main demonstrated mechanisms of action.

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