scholarly journals Dietary Patterns of Breakfast Consumption Among Chilean University Students

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ximena Díaz-Torrente ◽  
Daiana Quintiliano-Scarpelli
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Breakfast Consumption ◽  
Breakfast Food ◽  
Probabilistic Study ◽  
Eating Breakfast ◽  
Dairy Fats

Breakfast is one of the most important meals of the day. A good quality breakfast must include dairy products, cereals, and fruits. The aim of this study is to determine breakfast dietary patterns and their nutritional quality among Chilean university students. A cross-sectional non-probabilistic study was conducted in 200 university students between 18 and 27 years in Santiago, Chile. To identify dietary patterns and breakfast quality, a breakfast food survey was conducted. Patterns were identified by factor analysis. Most of the subjects (53%) ate breakfast daily, with a higher prevalence among females (60.2% vs. 43.7%, p < 0.05); 68% did not consume fruits and 17.5% had good breakfast quality, with no differences by sex. Four breakfast dietary patterns were identified: “dairy & cereals”, “healthy”, “traditional salty” and “traditional sweet” that together explained 35.6% of the total variance. There was no sex difference in predominant dietary patterns. The “dairy & cereals” and “traditional sweet” patterns were associated with regularly eating breakfast (β: −0.47, p = 0.001; β: −0.32, p = 0.020) and the “healthy” pattern with BMI ≥25 kg/m2 (β: 0.35, p = 0.024). In conclusion, breakfast quality was inadequate due to low fruit consumption and energy intake. The four identified patterns included cereals, bread, dairy, fats and sugars. Results may be usual in the planning of future interventions aimed at improving breakfast consumption and quality in university students.

scholarly journals Cross-Sectional Associations between Mothers and Children’s Breakfast Routine—The Feel4Diabetes-Study

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 720
Author(s):  
Natalia Giménez-Legarre ◽  
Alba M. Santaliestra-Pasías ◽  
Greet Cardon ◽  
Rurik Imre ◽  
Violeta Iotova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Products ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Whole Grain ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cereal Products ◽  
Breakfast Consumption ◽  
Mothers And Children ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Positive influences of family members have been associated with a high probability of children’s daily breakfast consumption. Therefore, the aim of this study was to scrutinize the association of breakfast routines between mothers and their children. The baseline data of the Feel4Diabetes-study was obtained in 9760 children (49.05% boys)–mother pairs in six European countries. A parental self-reported questionnaire gauging the frequency of breakfast consumption and of breakfast´ foods and beverages consumption was used. Agreement in routines of mothers and their children’s breakfast consumption was analyzed in sex-specific crosstabs. The relationship of breakfast routine and food groups’ consumption between mothers and their children was assessed with analysis of covariance. The highest proportion of children who always consumed breakfast were those whose mothers always consumed it. Children consuming breakfast regularly had a higher intake of milk or unsweetened dairy products and all kind of cereal products (low fiber and whole-grain) than occasional breakfast consumers (p < 0.05). The strong similarity between mothers and children suggests a transfer of breakfast routine from mothers to their children, as a high proportion of children who usually consume breakfast were from mothers also consuming breakfast. All breakfast foods and beverages consumption frequencies were similar between children and their mothers.

scholarly journals Breakfast Types Are Associated with Adolescents’ IQ and Academic Achievement (P18-103-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianghong Liu ◽  
Lezhou Wu ◽  
Alexandra Hanlon ◽  
Joyce Tien ◽  
Phoebe Um ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Intermediate Frequency ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Linear Modeling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Verbal Iq ◽  
Breakfast Consumption ◽  
Frequent Consumption

Abstract Objectives Research has documented that frequent breakfast consumption is associated with better cognition. However, the relationship between breakfast type and cognitive functioning is lesser known. In this study, we examined both breakfast type and consumption frequency in relation to IQ and academic achievement in a sample of 12-year-old Chinese schoolchildren. Methods Participants included 835 12-year-old children from the China Jintan Cohort Study. Breakfast habits, food types, and intake frequency were assessed through self-administered nutrition questionnaires. The types of foods measured included fruits/vegetables, grain/rice, meat/egg, dairy products, and soy products. IQ was measured with the Chinese version of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children. Standardized academic achievement was collected through school reports. Multivariate general linear modeling was implemented for data analysis. Results More frequent breakfast consumption of grain/rice and meat/egg (6–7 days per week) was significantly associated with higher verbal, performance, and full scale IQs, by 3.562, 3.687, and 4.559 points, respectively (all P < 0.05), compared with rare grain/rice intake (0–2 days per week). Regular meat/egg breakfast consumption appeared to facilitate academic achievement (6–7 vs. 0–2 d/w, mean difference = 0.232, P = 0.043). Interestingly, frequent consumption of fruit/vegetables and dairy products did not affect cognitive functioning. Furthermore, an intermediate frequency (3–5 d/w) showed better verbal IQ and academic achievement. A dose-response relationship showed that even after adjustment for up to nine covariates, those who ate breakfast 6–7 days per week tended to have a higher verbal IQ score of 6.760 (P = 0.017) and a higher average academic achievement score of 0.831 (P < 0.001), than those who rarely ate breakfast (0–2 d/w). Conclusions Our study shows that frequent consumption of grain/rice and meat/egg for breakfast may have positive associations with cognitive functioning in adolescents. Nevertheless, inference cannot be drawn from this cross-sectional analysis. Future studies should assess the long-term effects of breakfast type on cognitive abilities. Funding Sources National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences/National Institutes of Health (R01-ES-01,8858, K02-ES-01,9878, and K01-ES015877).

Dietary habits and sedentary behaviors among health science university students in Bahrain

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulrahman O. Musaiger ◽  
Muyssar S. Awadhalla ◽  
Mariam Al-Mannai ◽  
Muneera AlSawad ◽  
G.V. Asokan
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Internet Use ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Health Science ◽  
Sedentary Behaviors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the dietary patterns and sedentary behaviors among university students in Bahrain. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out with students of the College of Health Sciences in Bahrain using a self-reported questionnaire. All the students enrolled in this college were included in this study (642 students; 90 males and 552 females). The mean age of the sample was 20.1±2.0 years. A pre-tested questionnaire was used to collect information on the students’ breakfast intake, snacking, food frequency intake, and sedentary habits. Results: More than 50% of the students did not consume breakfast on a daily basis. A statistically significant difference (p<0.003) was found between males (19%) and females (35%) in relation to the intake of an afternoon snack. There were no significant gender differences regarding frequency of food intake, except for carbonated beverages (p<0.001) and nuts (p<0.047) consumption. Females were more likely than males to spend time watching television, use the Internet, use a mobile phone and sleep; however, the only significant difference found was for Internet use (p<0.003). Being physically active on a daily basis was more prevalent among males (41.6%) than females (16%) (p<0.001). Females (42.9%) were more prone to sleep for less time (<7 h) than males (34.4%)(p<0.08). Conclusion: The findings indicated that a high percentage of health science students in Bahrain had unhealthy dietary habits and sedentary behaviors. Thus, an intervention program to promote healthy dietary patterns and lifestyle habits among university students is highly recommended.

scholarly journals Dietary Quality is Associated with Reduced Risk of Diabetes among adults in Northern China: A Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-28
Author(s):  
Siyue Tan ◽  
Haiwen Lu ◽  
Ruier Song ◽  
Jing Wu ◽  
Mingming Xue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Inner Mongolia ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Diabetes Risk ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
High Salt ◽  
Diabetes Prevalence ◽  
Dietary Quality ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract In this study, we analysed the prevalence of diabetes in Inner Mongolia and explored the relationship between dietary patterns and diabetes using the Chinese Dietary Balance Index-16 (DBI-16). This study was a surveillance survey of Chronic Disease and Nutrition Monitoring among Chinese Adults in Inner Mongolia in 2015. Dietary data were collected using the 24-h dietary recall and weighing method over 3 consecutive days. Dietary quality was evaluated via the DBI-16. A generalized linear model was used to examine the associations between the DBI-16 and dietary patterns. The relationship between dietary patterns and diabetes was analysed using logistic regression. In Inner Mongolia, the diabetes prevalence was 8.5%, and the estimated standardized prevalence was 6.0%. Four major dietary patterns were identified: ‘meat/dairy products’, ‘traditional northern’, ‘high cereal/tuber’ and ‘high-salt/alcohol’. Generalized linear models showed that the ‘meat/dairy products’ pattern was relatively balanced (βLBS = −1.993, βHBS = −0.206, βDQD = −2.199; all P<0.05) and was associated with a lower diabetes risk (odds ratio [OR]: 0.565; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.338–0.945; P<0.05) after adjusting for potential confounders. The other three dietary patterns (i.e., ‘traditional northern’, ‘high cereal/tuber’ and ‘high-salt/alcohol’) exhibited relatively unbalanced dietary quality and were unassociated with diabetes risk. Diabetes prevalence in Inner Mongolia was moderate. The dietary quality of the ‘meat/dairy products’ pattern was relatively balanced and was correlated with a decreased risk of diabetes prevalence, suggesting that dietary quality may help decrease the diabetes prevalence and provide a suggestion for local dietary guidelines.

scholarly journals Foods, Dietary Patterns and Occupational Class and Leukocyte Telomere Length in the Male Population

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 479-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Behrooz Karimi ◽  
Ramin Nabizadeh ◽  
Masud Yunesian ◽  
Parvin Mehdipour ◽  
Noushin Rastkari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Whole Grains ◽  
Leukocyte Telomere Length ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Occupational Class ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Cross Sectional

Telomeres contain TTAGGG repetitive sequences and are located at the end of human chromosomes. Telomere dysfunction is associated with some age-related and chronic diseases, but its relationship with foods, dietary patterns, and occupational class in the young male population is not yet known. In this cross-sectional study, 300 healthy men, residents of Tehran, aged 25–40 years were enrolled from January to December 2016. We employed a cross-sectional study of 300 healthy people, residents of Tehran, aged 25-40 years. A food frequency questionnaire was used to obtain food intakes of all participants and converted into actual food intake (g/day). The principal components analysis was used to determine dietary patterns and other demographic characteristics. Leukocyte telomere length (TL) was measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to measure number of telomere repeat copy number (T) to the relative number of 36B4 copies (S) (T/S ratio). T/S in office-workers, waste recyclers, and other workers were 1.22 ± 0.4, 1.08 ± 0.3, and 1.094 ± 0.34, respectively. The results of multivariate linear regression adjusted for age, body mass index (BMI), and smoking were showed that whole grains (β = 0.02; p = .05), refined grains, fruits and vegetables, fish and dairy products were associated with an increase in log-T/S, but consumption of nuts and seeds (β = −0.00072; p = .06), meats (β = −0.00043; p = .9), produced meats (β = −0.00238; p = .03), oils and solid fats (β = −0.00146; p = .03) had a negative relationship with log-T/S in all studied occupational classes. A positive relationship was reported between the healthy (β = 0.017; p = .2) and traditional dietary pattern (β = 0.012; p = .4) with log-T/S, but western pattern identified negative relationship (β = −0.004; p = .7). Adherence to a healthy (with consumption whole grains, refined grains, dairy, and cereals) and then traditional pattern with increased consumption of fruits, vegetables and whole grains, fish and dairy products are necessary to prevent TL destruction in all studied occupational classes.

scholarly journals Dietary patterns and breast-feeding in Australian children

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 1939-1947 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica A Grieger ◽  
Jane Scott ◽  
Lynne Cobiac
Keyword(s):  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Principal Component Factor Analysis ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the dietary patterns of a national sample of 2–8-year-old Australian children and to establish whether breast-feeding is associated with dietary patterns in this age group.DesignCross-sectional study using 24 h recall data from the 2007 Australian National Children's Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey.SettingAustralia.SubjectsA total of 2287 children aged 2–8 years.ResultsPrincipal component factor analysis identified three distinct patterns. The ‘Non-core food groups’ pattern included food groups such as whole-fat dairy products, cheese, medium–high sugar-sweetened breakfast cereals and sweet biscuits, no fruit, reduced/low-fat dairy products and wholegrain bread/rolls. The ‘Healthy, meat and vegetable’ pattern included vegetables, red meat, fruit and wholegrain bread/rolls and was inversely associated with take-away foods and carbonated sugar-sweetened beverages. The ‘Combination’ pattern contained many food groups including candy (not chocolate based), pasta/rice products, nuts/seeds, cakes and chocolate, but no fruit or vegetables. Of the 2287 children, 2064 (89·3 %) had been breast-fed. A positive association was found between breast-feeding and the healthy, meat and vegetable pattern (r= 0·267) but not with the other two patterns. Higher scores on this pattern were also associated with younger age, lower BMI, higher birth weight, high likelihood of being in the less-disadvantaged Socio-economic Indexes for Areas category and less likelihood of the child's parents having a lower educational level.ConclusionsThese results provide suggestive evidence that breast-feeding during infancy is associated with a healthy dietary pattern in childhood and offers a likely pathway to explain the previously reported association between breast-feeding and chronic disease.

scholarly journals Breakfast Nutritional Quality and Cognitive Interference in University Students from Mexico City

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (15) ◽  
pp. 2671
Author(s):  
Reyna Sámano ◽  
Carmen Hernández-Chávez ◽  
Gabriela Chico-Barba ◽  
Armando Córdova-Barrios ◽  
Mayela Morales-del-Olmo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Word Reading ◽  
Food Group ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Stroop Test ◽  
Cognitive Interference ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models

Skipping breakfast might have an impact on cognitive functions, such as interference, which is a basic capacity of executive functions that denotes the possibility of controlling an automated response. This study aimed to analyze the association between nutritional quality of breakfast and cognitive interference in a sample of university students. A cross-sectional study was conducted, a total of 422 students between 18 and 25 years participated. Cognitive interference was assessed with the Stroop Test. Breakfast was assessed with a questionnaire assigning a score for each serving of each food group that was consumed. Logistic regression models were performed. The performance in cognitive tasks was slower in those who had a poor breakfast (32.9 ± 6 vs 29.3 ± 6 s, p < 0.050). Poor cognitive interference was greater in students with poor breakfast (53% versus 23%, p = 0.001). A slower word reading was associated with skipping vegetables (OR: 2.78, 95% CI: 0.09–2.13), and cereals (OR: 1.70, 95% CI: 1.03–2.81). Wrong color identification was associated with skipping fruits (OR: 1.55, 95% CI: 1.43–1.99) and animal protein sources (OR: 1.63, 95% CI: 1.07–2.49). Skipping fat-rich cereals was a protector factor (OR: 0.55, 95% CI: 0.36–0.85). Difficulty in the ability to inhibit interference was associated with skipping vegetables (OR: 2.72, 95% CI: 1.25–4.80) and cereals (OR: 2.65, 95% CI: 1.28–4.68). The nutritional quality of breakfast was associated with the time spent answering the Stroop test, but not with cognitive interference.

scholarly journals Are Psychological Distress and Resilience Associated with Dietary Intake Among Australian University Students?

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (21) ◽  
pp. 4099 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan C. Whatnall ◽  
Amanda J. Patterson ◽  
Yu Yao Siew ◽  
Frances Kay-Lambkin ◽  
Melinda J. Hutchesson
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
University Students ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Soft Drink ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Breakfast Consumption ◽  
Resilience Scale

University students report unhealthy diets and experience poorer mental health than the general population. This study explores the association between psychological distress and resilience with dietary intake in a sample of Australian university students. Cross-sectional data from the University of Newcastle Student Healthy Lifestyle Survey 2017 were analysed. Psychological distress (Kessler Scale), resilience (Brief Resilience Scale) and fruit, vegetable, soft drink, takeaway food and breakfast intakes (short diet questions) were assessed. Socio-demographic (e.g., gender), student (e.g., undergraduate/postgraduate) and health characteristics (e.g., physical activity) were captured. Multivariate linear regression models explored associations between psychological distress and resilience with dietary intake, with adjustment for potential confounders. Analysis included 2710 students (mean age 26.9 ± 9.5 years, 30.4% male). In adjusted models, lower psychological distress was associated with higher fruit (β = −0.37, p = 0.001) and vegetable (β = −0.37, p < 0.001) serves/day, more frequent breakfast consumption (p < 0.001) and less frequent soft drink and takeaway food consumption (p < 0.001). Higher resilience was associated with higher fruit (β = 0.03, p = 0.022) and vegetable (β = 0.06, p < 0.001) serves/day, more frequent breakfast consumption (p = 0.005), and less frequent soft drink (p < 0.001) and takeaway food consumption (p = 0.001). These results highlight a potential link between psychological distress and resilience with diet, and that further research in this area is warranted.

scholarly journals Association between screen time and dietary patterns and overweight/obesity among adolescents

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 377-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Gabriela Matias de PINHO ◽  
Fernando ADAMI ◽  
Jucemar BENEDET ◽  
Francisco de Assis Guedes de VASCONCELOS
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chocolate Milk ◽  
Obesity Prevalence ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional

ABSTRACT Objective The association between screen time and dietary patterns and overweight/obesity among adolescents was analysed in this study. Methods In this cross-sectional study, 963 Brazilian adolescents, aged between 11 and 14 years were evaluated. Body mass index was used to assess overweight/obesity. Dietary patterns and screen time were assessed using qualitative questionnaires. Principal component analysis was used to obtain dietary patterns. Confounder variables were: type of school (public or private), sexual maturation, mother’s weight and mother’s education. The Chi-square test was used for the crude analysis; for the adjusted analysis was used Poisson regression with sample weighting. Results Overweight/obesity prevalence was 29.8% and statistically higher among boys (34.7%). Higher screen time prevalence was 39.1%. The dietary patterns obtained were: obesogenic; coffee and dairy products; traditional Brazilian meal; fruit and vegetables; bread and chocolate milk. The dietary pattern that more closely represented student food consumption was the obesogenic pattern. Screen time was not significantly associated with overweight/obesity. The obesogenic pattern (in both sexes), the coffee and dairy products pattern, and the bread and chocolate milk pattern (only in girls), were inversely associated with overweight/obesity. In this study, dietary patterns influenced overweight/obesity, although in some cases, in an inverse way from what expected. Conclusion A high prevalence of overweight/obesity and a high proportion of screen time activities among the adolescents were observed. Our results indicate a high consumption of unhealthy dietary pattern among adolescents.

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