scholarly journals Associations between Family-Based Stress and Dietary Inflammatory Potential among Families with Preschool-Aged Children

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1464
Author(s):  
Valerie Hruska ◽  
Nitin Shivappa ◽  
James R. Hébert ◽  
Alison M. Duncan ◽  
Jess Haines ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Family Stress ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Dysfunctional Family ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Family Based ◽  
Parenting Distress ◽  
Preschool Aged Children

Chronic stress is known to influence dietary choices, and stressed families often report poorer diet quality; however, little is known about how family-based stress is linked with dietary patterns that promote inflammation. This study investigated associations between family-based stress and the inflammatory potential of the diet among preschool-aged children and their parents. Parents (n = 212 mothers, n = 146 fathers) and children (n = 130 girls, n = 123 boys; aged 18 months to 5 years) from 241 families participating in the Guelph Family Health Study were included in the analyses. Parents reported levels of parenting distress, depressive symptoms, household chaos, and family functioning. The inflammatory potential of parents’ and children’s diets was quantified using the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII®), adjusted for total energy intake (i.e., the E-DIITM). E-DII scores were regressed onto family stress using generalized estimating equations to account for shared variance among family clusters. Compared to those in homes with low chaos, parents in chaotic homes had significantly more proinflammatory dietary profiles (β = 0.973; 95% CI: 0.321, 1.624, p = 0.003). Similarly, compared to those in well-functioning families, parents in dysfunctional families had significantly more proinflammatory dietary profiles (β = 0.967; 95% CI: 0.173, 1.761, p = 0.02). No significant associations were found between parents’ E-DII scores and parenting distress or depressive symptoms, nor were any associations found for children’s E-DII scores. Results were not found to differ between males and females. Parents in chaotic or dysfunctional family environments may be at increased risk of chronic disease due to proinflammatory dietary profiles. Children’s dietary inflammatory profiles were not directly associated with family stress; however, indirect connections through family food-related behaviours may exist. Future research should prioritize elucidating these mechanisms.

Guelph Family Health Study’s Home-Based Obesity Prevention Intervention Increases Fibre and Fruit Intake in Preschool-Aged Children

2018 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia A. Mirotta ◽  
Gerarda A. Darlington ◽  
Andrea C. Buchholz ◽  
Jess Haines ◽  
David W.L. Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obesity Prevention ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Home Visits ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fruit Intake ◽  
Health Educator ◽  
Prevention Intervention ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Preschool Aged Children

Purpose: The Guelph Family Health Study (GFHS) pilot was designed to examine the feasibility and effectiveness of a home-based obesity prevention intervention on health behaviours and obesity risk. The objective of this analysis was to determine the effect of the 6-month intervention on preschool-aged children’s dietary intakes. Methods: Families with children aged 1.5–5 years old were randomized to receive one of the following: 4 home visits with a health educator as well as tailored emails and mailed incentives (4HV; n = 19 children); 2 home visits with a health educator as well as tailored emails and mailed incentives (2HV; n = 14 children); or general health advice through emails (control; n = 12 children). Three-day food records were completed by parents for their children before and after the 6-month intervention and analyzed for 3-day average intakes of energy, nutrients, and MyPlate food groups. Results: After the 6-month intervention, the 4HV group had significantly higher fibre intake and the 4HV and 2HV groups had significantly higher fruit intake, both compared with the control group. Conclusions: This study provides support for a home-based intervention approach to improve the diet quality of preschool-aged children.

scholarly journals Family functioning of elderly with depressive symptoms

2014 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 469-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosely Almeida Souza ◽  
Gislaine Desani da Costa ◽  
Cintia Hitomi Yamashita ◽  
Fernanda Amendola ◽  
Jaqueline Correa Gaspar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Family Functioning ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dysfunctional Family ◽  
The Family

Objective: To classify families of elderly with depressive symptoms regarding their functioning and to ascertain the presence of an association between these symptoms, family functioning and the characteristics of the elderly. Method: This was an observational, analytical, cross-sectional study performed with 33 teams of the Family Health Strategy in Dourados, MS. The sample consisted of 374 elderly divided into two groups (with and without depressive symptoms). The instruments for data collection were a sociodemographic instrument, the GeriatricDepression Scale (15 items) and the Family Apgar. Results: An association was observed between depressive symptoms and family dysfunction, female gender, four or more people living together, and physical inactivity. Conclusion: The functional family may represent effective support for the elderly with depressive symptoms, because it offers a comfortable environment that ensures the well-being of its members. The dysfunctional family can barely provide necessary care for the elderly, which can exacerbate depressive symptoms.


Abstract 14087: Psychosocial Determinants of Health Predict Depressive Symptoms and Anxiety in Rural Caregivers

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer L Smith ◽  
Misook L Chung ◽  
Jennifer Miller ◽  
Martha J Biddle ◽  
Donna Schuman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Caregiver Burden ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Brief Symptom Inventory ◽  
Determinants Of Health ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Rural Caregivers ◽  
Increased Risk

Introduction: Caregivers have an 82% increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) compared to non-caregivers. Depressive symptoms (DS) and anxiety increase CVD risk, and these are worse in rural dwellers. Knowing predictors of DS and anxiety in rural caregivers of patients with chronic illness is important to reduce CVD risk. Purpose: To identify predictors of DS and anxiety in rural caregivers at risk for CVD using a social determinants of health (SDH) model. Method: In this cross-sectional study we measured multiple SDH. These variables included sociodemographic (i.e., age, gender, race, marital status, health insurance, education, financial status), behavioral (i.e., smoking and body mass index [BMI]), and psychosocial (i.e., caregiver burden measured by the Zarit Burden Interview, perceived stress by the Cohen Perceived Stress Scale, and social support by the Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey) factors. The outcomes of DS were measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and anxiety by the Brief Symptom Inventory – Anxiety subscale. Data were analyzed using two separate multiple regression models, one for DS and one for anxiety. As depression and anxiety are often comorbid, they were considered predictors in the appropriate models. Results: In the 262 participants (mean age 53±13, 78% female, 96% Caucasian, 70% were married), mean years of education were 14±2, 56.1% had enough money to make ends meet, and 55% had no insurance or Medicaid only. Significant predictors of worse DS were higher caregiver burden (β=0.05, p=0.004), higher perceived stress (β=2.04, p=0.001), and higher anxiety (β=3.79, p= <0.001). Predictors of worse anxiety, were younger age (β=-0.006, p=0.03), higher caregiver burden (β=0.006, p=0.009), lower social support (β=-0.004, p=0.05), and higher DS (β=0.08, p=<0.001). Conclusion: Predictors of DS and anxiety in these rural caregivers were psychosocial variables. Caregiver CVD Interventions could be optimized by including stress management, education about the psychological effects of caregiving, and social support components. Future research is needed on the role of DS and anxiety in CVD to better support rural caregivers at highest risk.

scholarly journals Generation Scotland - Using Electronic Health Records for Research

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Archie Campbell ◽  
David Porteous
Keyword(s):  
Family Health ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Generation Scotland ◽  
Scanned Images ◽  
Family Based ◽  
New Research ◽  
Lab Test ◽  
Longitudinal Dataset

Generation Scotland: Scottish Family Health Study (GS:SFHS) is a family-based genetic epidemiology study of ~24,000 volunteers from ~7000 families recruited across Scotland between 2006 and 2011 with the capacity for follow-up through record linkage and re-contact. Broad consent was obtained for linkage to “medical records” for 98% of the cohort. Participants completed a questionnaire, provided samples, and underwent clinical assessment. The samples and data collected form a resource with consent for research on the genetics of health, becoming a longitudinal dataset by linkage to routine NHS hospital, maternity, lab test, prescribing, dentistry and mortality data. Researchers can use the linked datasets to test research hypotheses on a stratified population and target recruitment to new studies. We have established and validated EHR linkage, overcoming technical and governance issues in the process. We plan to collaborate with UK Biobank, creating a combined cohort of over 50,000 people in Scotland, and using the SHARE register to obtain new research samples from routine NHS tests. We will extend linkage to include primary care data and scanned images in the next year. The resources are available to academic and commercial researchers through a managed access process.

scholarly journals Intelligence and neuroticism in relation to depression and psychological distress: Evidence from two large population cohorts

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 58-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.B. Navrady ◽  
S.J. Ritchie ◽  
S.W.Y. Chan ◽  
D.M. Kerr ◽  
M.J. Adams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Ability Tests ◽  
Risk For Depression

AbstractBackground:Neuroticism is a risk factor for selected mental and physical illnesses and is inversely associated with intelligence. Intelligence appears to interact with neuroticism and mitigate its detrimental effects on physical health and mortality. However, the inter-relationships of neuroticism and intelligence for major depressive disorder (MDD) and psychological distress has not been well examined.Methods:Associations and interactions between neuroticism and general intelligence (g) on MDD, self-reported depression, and psychological distress were examined in two population-based cohorts: Generation Scotland: Scottish Family Health Study (GS:SFHS, n = 19,200) and UK Biobank (n = 90,529). The Eysenck Personality Scale Short Form-Revised measured neuroticism and g was extracted from multiple cognitive ability tests in each cohort. Family structure was adjusted for in GS:SFHS.Results:Neuroticism was strongly associated with increased risk for depression and higher psychological distress in both samples. Although intelligence conferred no consistent independent effects on depression, it did increase the risk for depression across samples once neuroticism was adjusted for. Results suggest that higher intelligence may ameliorate the association between neuroticism and self-reported depression although no significant interaction was found for clinical MDD. Intelligence was inversely associated with psychological distress across cohorts. A small interaction was found across samples such that lower psychological distress associates with higher intelligence and lower neuroticism, although effect sizes were small.Conclusions:From two large cohort studies, our findings suggest intelligence acts a protective factor in mitigating the effects of neuroticism on psychological distress. Intelligence does not confer protection against diagnosis of depression in those high in neuroticism.

scholarly journals Cognitive/affective and somatic/affective symptoms of depression in patients with heart disease and their association with cardiovascular prognosis: a meta-analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (13) ◽  
pp. 2689-2703 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. de Miranda Azevedo ◽  
A. M. Roest ◽  
P. W. Hoen ◽  
P. de Jonge
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Symptom Dimensions ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Cardiovascular Prognosis ◽  
Affective Symptoms ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

BackgroundSeveral prospective longitudinal studies have suggested that somatic/affective depressive symptoms, but not cognitive/affective depressive symptoms, are related to prognosis in patients with heart disease, but findings have been inconsistent. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of cognitive/affective and somatic/affective symptoms of depression with cardiovascular prognosis in patients with heart disease using a meta-analytic perspective.MethodA systematic search was performed in PubMed, EMBASE and PsycInfo. Thirteen prospective studies on symptom dimensions of depression and cardiovascular prognosis fulfilled the inclusion criteria, providing data on a total of 11 128 subjects. The risk estimates for each dimension of depressive symptoms, demographic and methodological variables were extracted from the included articles.ResultsIn least-adjusted analyses, both the somatic/affective [hazard ratio (HR) 1.30, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.19–1.41, p < 0.001] and cognitive/affective (HR 1.07, 95% CI 1.00–1.15, p = 0.05) dimensions of depressive symptoms were associated with cardiovascular prognosis. In fully adjusted analyses, somatic/affective symptoms were significantly associated with adverse prognosis (HR 1.19, 95% CI 1.10–1.29, p < 0.001) but cognitive/affective symptoms were not (HR 1.04, 95% CI 0.97–1.12, p = 0.25). An increase of one standard deviation (±1 s.d.) in the scores of the somatic/affective dimension was associated with a 32% increased risk of adverse outcomes (HR 1.32, 95% CI 1.17–1.48, p < 0.001).ConclusionsSomatic/affective depressive symptoms were more strongly and consistently associated with mortality and cardiovascular events in patients with heart disease compared with cognitive/affective symptoms. Future research should focus on the mechanisms by which somatic/affective depressive symptoms may affect cardiovascular prognosis.

Does adolescent depression predict obesity in black and white young adult women?

2005 ◽  
Vol 35 (10) ◽  
pp. 1505-1513 ◽  
Author(s):  
DEBRA L. FRANKO ◽  
RUTH H. STRIEGEL-MOORE ◽  
DOUGLAS THOMPSON ◽  
GEORGE B. SCHREIBER ◽  
STEPHEN R. DANIELS
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
White Women ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Black Girls ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Black And White ◽  
White Girls ◽  
Increased Risk

Background. To examine whether adolescent depressive symptoms predict young adult body mass index (BMI) and obesity in black and white women.Method. Participants included 1554 black and white adolescent girls from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Growth and Health Study (NGHS) who completed the Center for Epidemiological Studies – Depression Scale (CES-D) at ages 16 and 18 years.Results. Regression analyses showed that depressive symptoms at both ages 16 and 18 were associated with increased risk of obesity (BMI[ges ]30) and elevated BMI in young adulthood (age 21) in both black and white girls. Black girls exhibited a significantly greater likelihood of obesity and higher BMI (i.e. a main effect of race), but the race×CES-D interaction was not significant in any analysis.Conclusions. Depressive symptoms in adolescence appear to be predictive of obesity and elevated BMI in early adulthood for both black and white girls, even when taking prior BMI into account, indicating that depressive symptoms confer risk for obesity above and beyond the known tracking of body weight. Obesity prevention studies might consider assessing depressive symptoms in adolescence in order to more fully capture important risk variables.

scholarly journals Parent Stress as a Consideration in Childhood Obesity Prevention: Results from the Guelph Family Health Study, a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1835
Author(s):  
Valerie Hruska ◽  
Gerarda Darlington ◽  
Jess Haines ◽  
David W. L. Ma
Keyword(s):  
Obesity Prevention ◽  
Family Stress ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Parent Stress ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Household Chaos ◽  
Home Based ◽  
The Family ◽  
And Control

Parents’ stress is independently associated with increased child adiposity, but parents’ stress may also interfere with childhood obesity prevention programs. The disruptions to the family dynamic caused by participating in a behaviour change intervention may exacerbate parent stress and undermine overall intervention efficacy. This study explored how family stress levels were impacted by participation in a home-based obesity prevention intervention. Data were collected from 77 families (56 fathers, 77 mothers) participating in the Guelph Family Health Study (GFHS), a pilot randomized control trial of a home-based obesity prevention intervention. Four measures of stress were investigated: general life stress, parenting distress, depressive symptoms, and household chaos. Multiple linear regression was used to compare the level of stress between the intervention and control groups at post-intervention and 1-year follow-up, adjusted for baseline stress. Analyses for mothers and fathers were stratified, except for household chaos which was measured at the family level. Results indicate no significant differences between intervention and control groups for any stress measure at any time point, indicating a neutral effect of the GFHS intervention on family stress. Future work should investigate the components of family-based intervention protocols that make participation minimally burdensome and consider embedding specific stress-reduction messaging to promote family health and wellbeing.

scholarly journals Dispositional optimism and depression risk in older women in the Nurses´ Health Study: a prospective cohort study

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jakob Weitzer ◽  
Claudia Trudel-Fitzgerald ◽  
Olivia I. Okereke ◽  
Ichiro Kawachi ◽  
Eva Schernhammer
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Dispositional Optimism ◽  
Network Size ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Depression Risk

AbstractDispositional optimism is a potentially modifiable factor and has been associated with multiple physical health outcomes, but its relationship with depression, especially later in life, remains unclear. In the Nurses´ Health Study (n = 33,483), we examined associations between dispositional optimism and depression risk in women aged 57–85 (mean = 69.9, SD = 6.8), with 4,051 cases of incident depression and 10 years of follow-up (2004–2014). We defined depression as either having a physician/clinician-diagnosed depression, or regularly using antidepressants, or the presence of severe depressive symptoms using validated self-reported scales. Age- and multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) across optimism quartiles and for a 1-standard deviation (SD) increment of the optimism score. In sensitivity analyses we explored more restrictive definitions of depression, potential mediators, and moderators. In multivariable-adjusted models, women with greater optimism (top vs. bottom quartile) had a 27% (95%CI = 19–34%) lower risk of depression. Every 1-SD increase in the optimism score was associated with a 15% (95%CI = 12–18%) lower depression risk. When applying a more restrictive definition for clinical depression, the association was considerably attenuated (every 1-SD increase in the optimism score was associated with a 6% (95%CI = 2–10%-) lower depression risk. Stratified analyses by baseline depressive symptoms, age, race, and birth region revealed comparable estimates, while mediators (emotional support, social network size, healthy lifestyle), when combined, explained approximately 10% of the optimism-depression association. As social and behavioral factors only explained a small proportion of the association, future research should investigate other potential pathways, such as coping strategies, that may relate optimism to depression risk.

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