scholarly journals Influence of Dietary Behaviors on Dyslipidemia in Pregnant Women and Its Effects on Physical Development of Fetuses and Infants: A Bidirectional Cohort Study

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 3398
Author(s):  
Chenyang Li ◽  
Xuening Li ◽  
Dan Wu ◽  
Qi Chen ◽  
Zhe Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Physical Development ◽  
Dietary Behaviors ◽  
Large For Gestational Age ◽  
Independent Risk Factors ◽  
Questionnaire Surveys ◽  
One Year ◽  
Abnormal Lipid Metabolism

Background: Gestational diabetes can alter the trajectory of fetal development, but there are few studies on the effects of abnormal lipid metabolism on physical development of infants. We aimed to explore the prevalence of maternal dyslipidemia, its influencing factors and effects on the physical development of fetuses and infants, as well as the role of leptin in this process. Methods: Questionnaire surveys and main outcome measures were administered among 338 pairs of pregnant women and newborns. Results: The detection rate of maternal dyslipidemia was 31.5%. The median levels of TG (triglyceride) and TG/HDL (high-density lipoprotein) ratio were higher in large-for-gestational-age (LGA) newborns. Birth weight was positively related to infants’ height and weight at six months and one year old (p < 0.05). Leptin was positively related to TG levels of pregnant women and newborns’ birth weight (p < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that having greater than or equal to four meals a day (OR = 6.552, 95%CI = 1.014–42.338) and liking to eat lightly flavored food during pregnancy (OR = 1.887, 95%CI = 1.048–3.395) were independent risk factors of maternal dyslipidemia. Conclusions: The prevalence of dyslipidemia was relatively high in pregnant women and was affected by dietary behaviors. Abnormal lipid levels during pregnancy could affect weight and length at birth, which might be associated with increasing leptin levels in cord blood, and then the weight of infants would be influenced by birth weight.

Evaluation of Coronavirus Anxiety in Pregnant Women on Apgar Score and Birth Weight After One Year of Coronavirus Outbreak (Case Study: Zabol, Iran)

2022 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-98
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Mirzaie ◽  
Khadije Rezaie Keikhaie ◽  
Mahin Badakhsh ◽  
Bahareh Khajehpourbahareh ◽  
Samira Ghofrani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Apgar Score ◽  
One Year ◽  
Outbreak Case

scholarly journals Maternal Dietary Intake During Pregnancy and Its Association with Size of Offspring at Birth and One Year of Age (P11-031-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarika Tyagi ◽  
G S Toteja ◽  
Neena Bhatia
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Micronutrient Deficiencies ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
One Year ◽  
Maternal Dietary Intake ◽  
Slum Population

Abstract Objectives In resource poor countries like India pregnant women are prone to inadequate dietary intake which causes macronutrient and micronutrient deficiencies and consequently leads to low‐birth weight infants with higher risks of morbidity and mortality. Present study was planned with the following objectives: To assess dietary intake of pregnant women during third trimester.To correlate maternal dietary intake with size of infants at birth and at one year of age. Methods This longitudinal study was carried out among slum population of Delhi. Dietary intake data was obtained from 144 pregnant women during pregnancy (gestational age > 28 weeks) using 24 hr recall and Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) method. Pregnant women were followed upto delivery and birth size (weight, length, head circumference and MUAC) of infants was measured within 72 hours of birth. Infants were followed quarterly upto one year of age for anthropometric measurements. For statistical analysis One Way ANOVA and Pearson correlation coefficient methods were used. Results Food consumption data revealed that average consumption of all food groups was lower than the Recommended Dietary Intake (RDI) and percentage adequacy was poor for cereals (96.25%), pulses (51.3%), green leafy vegetables (24.4%), other vegetables (42.5%), fruits (34.8%) and milk and milk products (36.9%).Median intake for all the nutrients was also found lower than Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA). Percentage adequacy was alsopoor for energy (70.4%), protein (61.0%), thiamine (70.8%), riboflavin (28.6%), niacin (54.9%), B6 (41.6%), folates (35.1%), ascorbic acid (99.4%), retinol (16.2%), calcium (33.6%), iron (28.6%), magnesium (90.1%), and zinc (57.8%).Maternal food group intake and nutrient intake during pregnancy were found significantly correlated with weight, length and MUAC of infants at birth but not at 12 months of age. Even though birth weight and weight at 12 months increased consistently with increase in maternal energy and protein adequacy, this association was not significant at 12 months of age. Conclusions Dietary intake of pregnant women was lower than the recommended dietary intake among slum population of Delhi. Maternal dietary intake was found significantly associated with size of infants at birth. Funding Sources Indian Council Of Medical Research, New Delhi, India.

scholarly journals Maternal Weight Gain and its Relationship with Birth Weight of Baby at Term

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-83
Author(s):  
Shiffin Rijvi ◽  
Sharmin Abbasi ◽  
Farhana Dewan ◽  
Sehereen Farhad Siddiqua ◽  
Anuradha Karmakar
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Large For Gestational Age ◽  
Maternal Weight Gain ◽  
Maternal Weight ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College

Background: Perinatal health is influenced by maternal weight gain. Increase in obesity in population and excess weight during pregnancy may be different complications including large for gestational age fetus. As a result cesarean delivery has increased in prevalence. Maternal weight gain during the 2nd and 3rd trimesters is an important determinant of fetal growth Objective: To determine the relationship between maternal weight gain and birth weight of baby at term. Methodology : A cross sectional study was carried among 50 pregnant women at term in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College and Hospital and Anwer Khan Modern Medical College Hospital during the period of January 2013 to July 2013. Data were collected in pre-designed data collection sheet. Results: This study found maximum (36%) were age group 21-25 years followed by 28% were ≤20 years, 24% were between 26-30 years, 8% were between 31-35 years and only 4% were of 36-40 years. The average age was 25 years. Among these 50 pregnant women, 2 cases (4%) had BMI < 18.5, 15 cases (30%) had a BMI 18.5-24.9, 19 cases (38%) had a BMI 25-29.9 and 14 cases (28%) had a BMI ≥30. The mean birth weight was 2.77±0.33. kg. Mean weight gain was 10.72±3.72 Kg. Conclusion: This study showed that reasonable maternal weight gain significantly increased birth weight of the baby at term. Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2017; Vol. 32(2) : 79-83

Factors influencing foetal growth in pregnancy complicated by diabetes

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 2136
Author(s):  
Sathish Kumar S. ◽  
Anandhi A. ◽  
Luke Ravi Chelliah ◽  
Karthick A. R.
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Growth Pattern ◽  
Abdominal Circumference ◽  
Large For Gestational Age ◽  
Maternal Weight ◽  
In Pregnancy

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus represents a metabolically altered fetal environment due to an increased maternal supply of carbohydrates. It leads to fetal hyperinsulinemia and stimulates insulin-sensitive tissue, predominantly of the abdomen, resulting in increased fetal growth and delivering large-for-gestational-age newborns. Implications of fetal hyperinsulinemia reach far beyond delivery. Children of mothers with diabetes in pregnancy are predisposed to develop obesity and glucose intolerance through a non-genetic “fuel-mediated” mechanism. The objective of the present study was to study the “fetal growth pattern at different periods of pregnancy complicated by diabetes” and to identify the factors that influence the fetal growth pattern in pregnancy complicated by diabetesMethods: 69 pregnant women with diabetes and 34 pregnant women without diabetes were included in the study by random sampling. Maternal parameters such as age, parity, height, weight at registration, and weight gain during pregnancy, BMI at the time of registration of pregnancy and at the time of delivery, detailed diabetic profile and management including meal plan, insulin administration and dosage were recorded. The fetuses were monitored for Biparietal diameter, abdomen circumference, femur length by 2 ultrasound examinations, one at 18-22 weeks and another at 28-32 weeks were performed. Soon after delivery, sex, gestational age, birth weight, length, head circumference and chest circumference of the newborn were recorded and infants were classified as LGA/SGA/AGA.Results: Maternal age, parity, BMI at the time of delivery and maternal weight gain had significant influence on the birth weight. The abdominal circumference of the fetus detected at 18-20 and 28-32 ultrasound scans had a very significant correlation with neonatal mean birth weight percentile. Conclusions: Not all babies born to diabetic mothers are macrosomic. SGA babies were not uncommon in pregnancies with diabetes especially in those who did not have significant micro vasculopathy. Maternal nutrition plays a significant key role in determining birth weight of babies even in pregnancies complicated by diabetes.

scholarly journals Five-Year Retrospective Evaluation of large for gestational age (LGA) infants who Birth Weight of Over 90% Percentile

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Hüseyin Altaş ◽  
Mehmet Sait İçen ◽  
Hıdır Budak ◽  
Rezan Bugday ◽  
Mehmet Şükrü Budak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Cesarean Delivery ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Large For Gestational Age ◽  
Normal Delivery ◽  
Gynecology And Obstetrics ◽  
The Mean

Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the obstetric and neonatal outcomes of pregnant women delivering large for gestational age (LGA) infants. Material and Methods: A total of 399 pregnant women giving birth to LGA infants in the Gynecology and Obstetrics Department of Dicle University Medical Faculty Hospital between January 2014 and December 2018 were included in this retrospective study. Demographic features, pregnancy and infant data, delivery type (vaginal delivery/cesarean delivery), and patients’ indications for cesarean section were assessed. Results: The mean age of the patients was 32.34±6.63, their gravida was 5.16±2.65 and parity was 3.55±2.36. The mean gestational week was 37.12±2.840 weeks and the mean birth weight was 3922.46±643.546 g. Of all patients, diabetes was detected in 28.5%, polyhydramnios in 11.3%, placental invasion anomaly in 4%, and preeclampsia in 9%. While 83.7% (334) of the patients underwent cesarean section, the remaining 16.3% (65) underwent normal delivery. 3.25% (13) of the patients developed complications during delivery. The rate of fetal anomaly was 11.7% (47) in existing pregnancies while the rate of fetal death was 5.01% (20). Conclusion: A cesarean delivery was performed in the majority of pregnant women with a suspected LGA infant. This group of patients exhibited a very high rate of gestational diabetes mellitus and diabetes mellitus. Existing pregnancies constitute a specifical pregnancy population that should be taken into consideration regarding probable complications and problems with the infant.

scholarly journals Testing the Multiple Pathways of Residential Greenness to Pregnancy Outcomes Model in a Sample of Pregnant Women in the Metropolitan Area of Donostia-San Sebastián

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. 4520
Author(s):  
Asier Anabitarte ◽  
Mikel Subiza-Pérez ◽  
Jesús Ibarluzea ◽  
Kepa Azkona ◽  
Gonzalo García-Baquero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Green Space ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Large For Gestational Age

Residential greenness may positively impact diverse human health indicators through the reduction of air pollution, the improvement of psychological health, and the promotion of physical activity. Previous studies indicate a weak but positive association with pregnancy outcomes. Our aim was to test the multiple pathways from residential greenness to pregnancy outcomes model, using residential NO2 concentrations, psychological health, and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) during the first trimester of pregnancy, in a sample of 440 pregnant women residing in Donostia, Spain. Three metrics of residential greenness were calculated around each participant’s home address: normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) within 300 m, and green space (>5000 m2) availability within 300 and 500 m. Residential NO2 concentrations, psychological health, and MVPA were explored as mediators of the associations between these metrics and the following pregnancy outcomes: birth weight (BW), low birth weight (LBW), prematurity, small for gestational age (SGA), and large for gestational age (LGA). Educational attainment, parity, and body mass index (BMI) were treated as covariates. Counterfactual mediation analyses showed very low to null statistical support for an association between any of the greenspace metrics and pregnancy outcomes in the full sample. Green space availability (300 m) was associated with lower BW and showed a marginal protective effect against LGA.

scholarly journals No Strings Attached: Evaluating an Unconditional Prenatal Income Supplement Using Linked Administrative Data

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marni Brownell ◽  
Mariette Chartier ◽  
Nathan Nickel ◽  
Dan Chateau ◽  
Joykrishna Sarkar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Administrative Data ◽  
Birth Outcomes ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Large For Gestational Age ◽  
Unmeasured Confounding ◽  
Low Income Women

ABSTRACT ObjectivePerinatal outcomes have improved overall in developed countries over the last several decades but remain poor for disadvantaged populations. In Manitoba, Canada, the Healthy Baby Prenatal Benefit (HBPB), a cash transfer to low-income pregnant women, was introduced with the goal of improving perinatal outcomes. The objective of this study was to use linked administrative and program datasets to determine whether this unconditional income supplement was associated with improved birth outcomes for a low-income population. ApproachThis study used data from the PATHS Data Resource, which contains population-level health and social service records as well as program data for approximately 600,000 children in Manitoba, Canada, over a 30-year period, linkable at the individual level. All mother-newborn pairs, from 2003-2010, who met the following criteria were included for analyses: i) the mother was on social assistance (i.e., low income); ii) the infant was born in hospital; and, iii) the pair had a newborn risk screen (n=14,591), documenting factors such as prenatal alcohol and tobacco exposure and maternal and family characteristics. Low-income women who received HBPB (exposed, 10,738) were compared with low-income women who did not receive HBPB (unexposed, 3,853) on several outcomes: low birth weight, preterm, small- and large-for-gestational age, 5-minutes Apgar scores, breastfeeding initiation, neonatal readmission, and newborn hospital length of stay (LOS). Covariates from the risk screens were used to develop propensity scores to construct Inverse Probability of Treatment Weights, to balance differences between exposed and unexposed groups in regression models. Gamma sensitivity analyses assessed sensitivity to unmeasured confounding. Population attributable and preventable fractions were calculated. ResultsHBPB exposure was associated with reductions in low birth weight (adjusted risk ratio, aRR=0.71, 95% CI=0.63, 0.81), preterm (aRR=0.76 (0.69, 0.84)) and small-for-gestational age (aRR=0.90 (0.81, 0.99)) births and increases in breastfeeding (aRR=1.06 (1.03, 1.09)) and large-for-gestational age births (aRR=1.13 (1.05, 1.23)). For vaginal births, HBPB was associated with shortened LOS (mean=2.86, p<0.0001). Results for breastfeeding, low birth weight, preterm and LOS were robust to unmeasured confounding. Reductions of 21% (95% CI 13.6, 28.3) of low birth weight and 17.5% (11.2, 23.8) of preterm were associated with receipt of the HBPB. ConclusionsA modest income supplement during pregnancy was associated with improved birth outcomes for infants born to low-income women. Placing conditions on income supplements to low income pregnant women may not be necessary to promote prenatal and perinatal health. Linked administrative data can be a valuable tool for program evaluation.

scholarly journals Impact of targeted food supplementation on pregnancy weight gain and birth weight in rural Bangladesh: an assessment of the Bangladesh Integrated Nutrition Program (BINP)

2009 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1205-1212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shamsun Nahar ◽  
CG Nicholas Mascie-Taylor ◽  
Housne Ara Begum
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Food Supplementation ◽  
Pregnancy Weight Gain ◽  
North West ◽  
Low Birth Weight Babies ◽  
One Year ◽  
Pregnancy Weight

AbstractObjectivesTo assess whether the Bangladesh Integrated Nutrition Programme (BINP) correctly identified which pregnant women should be enrolled in the food supplementation programme, whether supplementation commenced on time and was taken on a regular basis. A second objective was to determine whether food supplementation led to enhanced pregnancy weight gain and reduction in the prevalence of low birth weight.DesignA one-year community-based longitudinal study.SettingA rural union of Bhaluka Upazila, Mymensingh, located 110 km north-west of Dhaka City, the capital of Bangladesh.ParticipantsA total of 1104 normotensive, non-smoking pregnant women who attended Community Nutrition Centres were studied from first presentation at the centre until child delivery.ResultsPregnant women who had a BMI of <18·5 kg/m2 on first presentation should have been selected for supplementary feeding (2512 kJ (600 kcal)/d for six days per week) starting at month 4 (16 weeks) of pregnancy. However, of the 526 women who had BMI < 18·5 kg/m2, only 335 received supplementation; so the failure rate was 36·3 %. In addition, of those receiving supplementation, only 193 women (36·7 % of 526 women) commenced supplementation at the correct time, of whom thirty-two (9·6 % of 335 women) received supplementation for the correct number of days (100 % days). There were no significant differences in mean weight gain between BMI < 18·5 kg/m2 supplemented or non-supplemented groups or between the equivalent groups with BMI ≥ 18·5 kg/m2. Weight gain was inversely related to initial weight, so lighter women gained relatively more weight during their pregnancy than heavier women. The mean birth weight in the supplemented and non-supplemented groups was 2·63 kg and 2·72 kg, respectively. Mothers with BMI < 18·5 kg/m2 who were or were not supplemented had almost equal percentages of low-birth-weight babies (21 % and 22 %, respectively).ConclusionThe study raises doubt about the efficiency of the BINP to correctly target food supplementation to pregnant women. It also shows that food supplementation does not lead to enhanced pregnancy weight gain nor does it provide any evidence of a reduction in prevalence of low birth weight.

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