scholarly journals Which Microbes Like My Diet and What Does It Mean for My Heart?

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 4146
Author(s):  
Emilia Sawicka-Śmiarowska ◽  
Anna Moniuszko-Malinowska ◽  
Karol Adam Kamiński
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Proper Function ◽  
Human Diet ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Processed Products ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Modifiable Cardiovascular Risk Factor

Cardiovascular diseases are the most common causes of hospitalization, death and disability in Europe. Despite our knowledge of nonmodifiable and modifiable cardiovascular classical risk factors, the morbidity and mortality in this group of diseases remains high, leading to high social and economic costs. Therefore, it is necessary to explore new factors, such as the gut microbiome, that may play a role in many crucial pathological processes related to cardiovascular diseases. Diet is a potentially modifiable cardiovascular risk factor. Fats, proteins, carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals are nutrients that are essential to the proper function of the human body. The style and composition of the human diet has changed over time, evolving from a hunter–gatherer diet to an industrialized and Westernized modern diet that includes processed products. The relationship between the gut microbiome, diet and cardiovascular diseases is complex and still not fully understood. In this review, we discuss, in the context of diet, why particular microbes occur in individuals and how they can influence the host’s cardiovascular system in health and disease. We investigate the role of particular microorganisms and changes in the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio.

scholarly journals How the Gut Microbiome Links to Menopause and Obesity, with Possible Implications for Endometrial Cancer Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (13) ◽  
pp. 2916
Author(s):  
Malou P. H. Schreurs ◽  
Peggy J. de Vos van Steenwijk ◽  
Andrea Romano ◽  
Sabine Dieleman ◽  
Henrica M. J. Werner
Keyword(s):  
Endometrial Cancer ◽  
Systemic Inflammation ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Microbiome Diversity ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Menopausal State ◽  
Cancer Studies

Background: Interest is growing in the dynamic role of gut microbiome disturbances in human health and disease. No direct evidence is yet available to link gut microbiome dysbiosis to endometrial cancer. This review aims to understand any association between microbiome dysbiosis and important risk factors of endometrial cancer, high estrogen levels, postmenopause and obesity. Methods: A systematic search was performed with PubMed as primary database. Three separate searches were performed to identify all relevant studies. Results: Fifteen studies were identified as highly relevant and included in the review. Eight articles focused on the relationship with obesity and eight studies focused on the menopausal change or estrogen levels. Due to the heterogeneity in patient populations and outcome measures, no meta-analysis could be performed. Both the menopausal change and obesity were noted to enhance dysbiosis by reducing microbiome diversity and increasing the Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio. Both also incurred estrobolome changes, leading to increased systemic estrogen levels, especially after menopause. Furthermore, microbiome dysbiosis was reported to be related to systemic inflammation through toll-like receptor signaling deficiencies and overexpression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Conclusions: This review highlights that the female gut microbiome is intrinsically linked to estrogen levels, menopausal state and systemic inflammation, which indicates gut microbiome dysbiosis as a potential hallmark for risk stratification for endometrial cancer. Studies are needed to further define the role the gut microbiome plays in women at risk for endometrial cancer.

scholarly journals Exploring the Potential Role of the Gut Microbiome in Chemotherapy-Induced Neurocognitive Disorders and Cardiovascular Toxicity

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 782
Author(s):  
Sona Ciernikova ◽  
Michal Mego ◽  
Michal Chovanec
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Late Effects ◽  
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Neurocognitive Disorders ◽  
Cardiovascular Toxicity

Chemotherapy, targeting not only malignant but also healthy cells, causes many undesirable side effects in cancer patients. Due to this fact, long-term cancer survivors often suffer from late effects, including cognitive impairment and cardiovascular toxicity. Chemotherapy damages the intestinal mucosa and heavily disrupts the gut ecosystem, leading to gastrointestinal toxicity. Animal models and clinical studies have revealed the associations between intestinal dysbiosis and depression, anxiety, pain, impaired cognitive functions, and cardiovascular diseases. Recently, a possible link between chemotherapy-induced gut microbiota disruption and late effects in cancer survivors has been proposed. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of preclinical and clinical findings regarding the emerging role of the microbiome and the microbiota–gut–brain axis in chemotherapy-related late effects affecting the central nervous system (CNS) and heart functions. Importantly, we provide an overview of clinical trials evaluating the relationship between the gut microbiome and cancer survivorship. Moreover, the beneficial effects of probiotics in experimental models and non-cancer patients with neurocognitive disorders and cardiovascular diseases as well as several studies on microbiota modulations via probiotics or fecal microbiota transplantation in cancer patients are discussed.

scholarly journals Understanding the role of the shrimp gut microbiome in health and disease

2020 ◽  
pp. 107387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corey C. Holt ◽  
David Bass ◽  
Grant D. Stentiford ◽  
Mark van der Giezen
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Health And Disease

scholarly journals Understanding the role of gut microbiome–host metabolic signal disruption in health and disease

2011 ◽  
Vol 19 (7) ◽  
pp. 349-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elaine Holmes ◽  
Jia V. Li ◽  
Thanos Athanasiou ◽  
Hutan Ashrafian ◽  
Jeremy K. Nicholson
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Metabolic Signal

scholarly journals Role of Biological Sex in the Cardiovascular-Gut Microbiome Axis

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuangyue Li ◽  
Georgios Kararigas
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Biological Sex ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Host Health ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
And Function ◽  
Insight Into

There has been a recent, unprecedented interest in the role of gut microbiota in host health and disease. Technological advances have dramatically expanded our knowledge of the gut microbiome. Increasing evidence has indicated a strong link between gut microbiota and the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). In the present article, we discuss the contribution of gut microbiota in the development and progression of CVD. We further discuss how the gut microbiome may differ between the sexes and how it may be influenced by sex hormones. We put forward that regulation of microbial composition and function by sex might lead to sex-biased disease susceptibility, thereby offering a mechanistic insight into sex differences in CVD. A better understanding of this could identify novel targets, ultimately contributing to the development of innovative preventive, diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for men and women.

Global and temporal state of the human gut microbiome in health and disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeed Shoaie ◽  
Sunjae Lee ◽  
Mathieu Almeida ◽  
Gholamreza Bidkhori ◽  
Nicolas Pons ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Integrative Analysis ◽  
Human Gut ◽  
Human Gut Microbiome ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Clinical Phenotyping ◽  
Sampling Times

Abstract The role of gut microbiota in humans is of great interest, and metagenomics provided the possibilities for extensively analysing bacterial diversity in health and disease. Here we explored the human gut microbiome samples across 19 countries, performing compositional, functional and integrative analysis. To complement these data and analyse the stability of the microbiome, we followed 86 healthy Swedish individuals over one year, with four sampling times and extensive clinical phenotyping. The integrative analysis of temporal microbiome changes shows the existence of two types of species with a tendency to vary in abundance with time, here called outflow and inflow species. Importantly, the former tends to be enriched in disease, while the latter is enriched in health. We suggest that the decrease of disease-associated outflow and the increase of health-associated inflow species with time may be a fundamental albeit previously unrecognized aspect of the homeostasis maintenance in a healthy microbiome.

Role of Human Gut Microbiome in Health and Disease

2021 ◽  
pp. 101-112
Author(s):  
Nazar Reehana ◽  
Mohamed Yousuff Mohamed Imran ◽  
Nooruddin Thajuddin ◽  
D. Dhanasekaran
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Human Gut ◽  
Human Gut Microbiome ◽  
Health And Disease

scholarly journals Rapidly expanding knowledge on the role of the gut microbiome in health and disease

2014 ◽  
Vol 1842 (10) ◽  
pp. 1981-1992 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.C. Cénit ◽  
V. Matzaraki ◽  
E.F. Tigchelaar ◽  
A. Zhernakova
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Health And Disease

scholarly journals The Role of the Gut Microbiome in Colorectal Cancer

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (03) ◽  
pp. 192-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grace Chen
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Intestinal Health ◽  
Genotoxic Effects ◽  
Bacterial Populations ◽  
Health And Disease

AbstractThere is increasing evidence that the gut microbiome, which consists of trillions of microbes representing over 1,000 species of bacteria with over 3 million genes, significantly impacts intestinal health and disease. The gut microbiota not only is capable of promoting intestinal homeostasis and antitumor responses but can also contribute to chronic dysregulated inflammation as well as have genotoxic effects that lead to carcinogenesis. Whether the gut microbiota maintains health or promotes colon cancer may ultimately depend on the composition of the gut microbiome and the balance within the microbial community of protective and detrimental bacterial populations. Disturbances in the normal balanced state of a healthful microbiome, known as dysbiosis, have been observed in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC); however, whether these alterations precede and cause CRC remains to be determined. Nonetheless, studies in mice strongly suggest that the gut microbiota can modulate susceptibility to CRC, and therefore may serve as both biomarkers and therapeutic targets.

Hypothyroidism and cardiovascular system

2016 ◽  
Vol 94 (7) ◽  
pp. 497-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. F. Verbovoy ◽  
Lyudmila A. Sharonova ◽  
O. V. Kosareva ◽  
N. I. Verbovaya ◽  
Yu. A. Dolgikh
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Myocardial Remodeling ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
The Relationship

The article presents data on the relationship between thyroid dysfunction and cardiovascular diseases. The role of dyslipidemia, adipokines (adiponectin, leptin, resistin), C-reactive protein, deficiency of vitamin D3 in the development of cardiovascular disease in hypothyroidism is discussed. The article describes characteristics of myocardial remodeling, its dysfunction and their correlation with risk factors of cardiovascular diseases in patients with hypothyroidism.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document