scholarly journals Avian Bornaviruses in Wild Aquatic Birds of the Anseriformes Order in Poland

Pathogens ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 98
Author(s):  
Edyta Świętoń ◽  
Kamila Dziadek ◽  
Krzysztof Śmietanka
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Aquatic Bird ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Aquatic Birds ◽  
Genetic Characteristics ◽  
Low Genetic Diversity ◽  
Pcr Method ◽  
Single Cluster ◽  
Positive Results ◽  
Wild Waterfowl

Bornaviruses are a diverse family of viruses infecting various hosts, including birds. Aquatic bird bornavirus 1 (ABBV-1) and aquatic bird bornavirus 2 (ABBV-2) have been found in wild waterfowl but data on their prevalence are scarce. To gain knowledge on the occurrence of ABBVs in Poland, samples originating from dead birds of the Anseriformes order collected in 2016–2021 were tested with a real time RT-PCR method targeting the ABBVs genome. A total of 514 birds were examined, including 401 swans, 96 ducks and 17 geese. The presence of ABBV-1 RNA was detected in 52 swans (10.1% of all tested birds) from 40 different locations. No positive results were obtained for ducks and geese. Sequences of about 2300 bases were generated for 18 viruses and phylogenetic analysis was performed. A relatively low genetic diversity of the examined ABBV-1 strains was observed as all were gathered in a single cluster in the phylogenetic tree and the minimum nucleotide identity was 99.14%. The Polish strains were closely related to ABBV-1 identified previously in Denmark and Germany, but a limited number of sequences from Europe hinders the drawing of conclusions about interconnections between Polish and other European ABBVs. The results of the present study provide new insights into the distribution and genetic characteristics of ABBVs in wild birds in Europe.

scholarly journals Molecular Dissection for Boll Shedding in Upland Cotton Using Microsatellites

2021 ◽  
pp. 34-41
Author(s):  
Kanwal Zia ◽  
Syed Bilal Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Dna Markers ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Marker Assisted Breeding ◽  
Molecular Genetic Diversity ◽  
Low Genetic Diversity ◽  
Cotton Genotypes ◽  
Single Cluster

DNA markers application in marker-assisted breeding of cotton is handicapped due to low genetic diversity in cotton germplasm. The present study was designed to identify DNA markers, predominately simple sequence repeats (SSRs), associated with tolerance/resistance to heat stress as a consequence of boll shedding. To find out the genetic diversity a total of 24 cotton genotypes and 50 SSR primers were used. Total 288 alleles were produced with an average of 5.7 alleles per primer. Bootstrap cluster analysis used to generate a dendrogram that cluster the 24 accessions into two main clusters. Eleven out of 24 genotypes fall in a single cluster. Phenotypically H-4074 gives more diversity, while genotypically H-4074 sheared the same genetic background as H-4070, H-4091 and H-4090. Low genetic diversity was observed among both genotypic and phenotypic as maximum varieties fall in single group. This study helps for selecting diverse accessions with multiple phenotypic traits, which were drought to boll shedding. It suggests further elaborating the molecular genetic diversity by using new SSR marker to improve the yield of cotton cultivars. These preliminary results set the stage for initiating in depth marker-trait association studies, which will be instrumental for initiating marker-assisted breeding in cotton.

scholarly journals Low Genetic Diversity of Haemophilus influenzae Type b Compared to Nonencapsulated H. influenzae in a Population in Which H. influenzaeIs Highly Endemic

1998 ◽  
Vol 66 (7) ◽  
pp. 3403-3409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heidi C. Smith-Vaughan ◽  
Kadaba S. Sriprakash ◽  
Amanda J. Leach ◽  
John D. Mathews ◽  
David J. Kemp
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Genetic Exchange ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae Type ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae Type B ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Carriage ◽  
Type B ◽  
Genetic Characteristics ◽  
Low Genetic Diversity ◽  
Typing Methods

Immunization with Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) conjugate polysaccharide vaccines has dramatically reduced Hib disease worldwide. As in other populations, nasopharyngeal carriage of Hib declined markedly in Aboriginal infants following vaccination, although carriage has not been entirely eliminated. In this study, we describe the genetic characteristics and the carriage dynamics of longitudinal isolates of Hib, characterized by using several typing methods. In addition, carriage rates of nonencapsulated H. influenzae(NCHi) are high, and concurrent colonization with Hib and NCHi is common; we also observed NCHi isolates which were genetically similar to Hib. There is a continuing need to promote Hib immunization and monitor H. influenzae carriage in populations in which the organism is highly endemic, not least because of the possibility of genetic exchange between Hib and NCHi strains in such populations.

scholarly journals rt-PCR method for diagnosis and follow-up of hematological malignancies: First approach in Bangladesh

2008 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanvira Afroze Sultana ◽  
Md. Abdul Mottalib ◽  
Md. Sirazul Islam ◽  
Mohiuddin Ahmed Khan ◽  
Subhagata Choudhury
Keyword(s):  
Hematological Malignancies ◽  
Residual Disease ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
All Trans Retinoic Acid ◽  
Pcr Method ◽  
First Time ◽  
Positive Results

Nested reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rt-PCR) was performed on 58 leukemia patients at BIRDEM Laboratory, as a pioneering work in Bangladesh. Thirty of them were examined for the presence of BCR-ABL being clinically and morphologically diagnosed as chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and 28 for PML-RARα fusion transcripts being clinically and morphologically diagnosed as acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL/ AML M3). The cases were selected for targeted therapy with imatinib mesylate and all-Trans retinoic acid (ATRA) to treat CML and APL respectively. Samples were received either before commencement or during therapy. In the positive cases, amplified DNA products were visible after gel electrophoresis and were reported accordingly. In case of BCR-ABL, positive results were found for five out of six (83.33%) untreated cases and 11 out of 24 (45.83%) treated cases. Positive results for PML-RARα were found for 12 out of 14 (85.70%) untreated cases and 11 out of 16 (68.75%) treated cases. A strong positive correlation was found between duration of treatment and negativity of PCR results in both the cases. In present times, the detection of minimal residual disease in patients undergoing treatment for hematological malignancies has become an important goal, not only to monitor the effectiveness of therapy but also to detect an impending relapse. This is the first time in Bangladesh that rt-PCR method is being employed to detect or monitor the presence of abnormal fusion genes in hematological malignancies. Keywords: Bangladesh; malignancy; rt-pcrDOI: 10.3329/bmrcb.v34i1.1162Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull 2008; 34: 1-11

scholarly journals Detection of Sesame Allergen Traces with Two PCR Assays - The Challenge to Protect Food-Allergic Consumers

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 210
Author(s):  
Dimitra Panagiotis Houhoula ◽  
Vasilios Belsis ◽  
Leonidas Georgopoulos ◽  
Virginia Giannou ◽  
Vasiliki R. Kyrana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Allergy ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Food Samples ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Pcr Method ◽  
Pcr Assays ◽  
Positive Results

The purpose of this study was to investigate the possible presence of sesame in commercial foods normally carrying no warning for the allergen, but which may have been subjected to contamination during processing. One hundred units of widely consumed goods with high potential to contain allergenic substances deriving from nuts were analyzed, using sensitive and capable PCR (C-PCR) and Real Time PCR (RT-PCR) methodologies. Of the products examined, 15 (15.0%) declared the presence of sesame, 36 (36.0%) carried no food allergy label, 44 (44.0%) were marked by the phrase “may contain traces of nuts” and 5 (5.0%) carried the indication “may contain sesame traces”. The sesame-positive products detected using the C-PCR method were 15 (100%), 12 (33.3%), 14 (31.8%) and 3 (60%), respectively. Using the RT-PCR technique, positive results were obtained for 15 (100%), 18 (50.0%), 18 (20.5%) and 5 (100%) samples, respectively. The results indicate that the PCR methods applied are highly sensitive and selective, which makes them suitable for the detection of sesame traces in food samples. In addition, they can be useful for monitoring the effectiveness of cleaning processes in the production units of the food industry.

scholarly journals Genetic Characteristics of Brook Trout Salvelinus fontinalis (Mitchill, 1848) Broodstocks from Hatcheries in Bosnia and Herzegovina

2020 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 183-194
Author(s):  
Belma Kalamujić Stroil ◽  
Mia Stanić ◽  
Abdurahim Kalajdžić ◽  
Naris Pojskić
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Inbreeding Depression ◽  
Control Region ◽  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Brook Trout ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Polymorphic Information Content ◽  
Genetic Characteristics ◽  
Low Genetic Diversity

AbstractThe most commonly farmed fish species in Bosnia and Herzegovina’s aquaculture are from the family Salmonidae, including brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis which is reared both for consumption and stocking purposes. A number of farmers complained about the elevated frequency of anatomical deformities in the smolts and fingerlings of brook trout, decreasing their fitness rate and causing significant financial loss. Since it has been shown that occurrence of deformities is correlated with the low genetic diversity and high inbreeding, this study aimed to assess intra- and interpopulation diversity of Salvelinus fontinalis from different freshwater fish farms in Bosnia and Herzegovina by observing variation in mitochondrial and nuclear genome. Total of 109 samples of brook trout from three hatcheries located at the Neretva River were analyzed for the mitochondrial control region and seven nuclear microsatellite loci. Both PCR-RFLP and sequencing revealed only one haplotype of the control region in all investigated trout. Overall, a low number of genotypes was evident across all the observed loci. Values of genetic diversity and polymorphic information content followed the increase in the number of alleles per locus. In general, values of inbreeding coefficient were generally very high, while the genetic diversity and observed heterozygosity had low rates. The results of our study are congruent with the findings of previous studies in which developmental deformities were concomitant with the low genetic diversity and inbreeding depression. It is, therefore, strongly advised to regularly supplement the broodstock with new, unrelated individuals, as it is of vital importance for sustaining a satisfying level of genetic diversity and preventing inbreeding depression. Additionally, maintaining good management practices regarding the fluctuation of water temperature, exposure to pollution, nutrition, etc., will further contribute to the prevention of this detrimental condition.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity of tilapia lake virus genome segment 1 from 2011 to 2019 and a newly validated semi-nested RT-PCR method

Aquaculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 526 ◽  
pp. 735423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suwimon Taengphu ◽  
Pakkakul Sangsuriya ◽  
Kornsunee Phiwsaiya ◽  
Partho Pratim Debnath ◽  
Jerome Delamare-Deboutteville ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Virus Genome ◽  
Genome Segment ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Pcr Method

scholarly journals Characterization of genetic diversity of animal and human Mycobacterium avium strains by IS1245-IS1311 spacer typing

2012 ◽  
Vol 50 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 175-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Pate ◽  
M. Ocepek ◽  
M. Zolnir-Dovc ◽  
B. Krt
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium ◽  
Pcr Method ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Positive Results ◽  
Degree Of Heterogeneity

A PCR method previously developed for typing Mycobacterium avium was used to characterize the genetic diversity of M. avium strains isolated from swine (n = 90) and humans (n = 24). The strains were identified with IS901 PCR and IS1245 PCR: 38 strains were of IS901+ and IS1245+ genotype (M. avium subsp. avium) and 76 strains were of IS901– and IS1245+ genotype (M. avium subsp. hominissuis). All human isolates were IS901 negative. IS1245-IS1311 spacer typing was successfully accomplished for 59 isolates while 55 isolates gave no amplification signal. The isolates with negative typing results were additionally tested for the presence of IS1311 and all with the exception of one gave positive results. IS1245-IS1311 spacer typing failed in all IS901+ isolates as they yielded no bands. A high degree of heterogeneity among isolates was observed: 59 isolates demonstrated 43 different patterns comprising up to 6 bands.

Diagnosis of helicobacter pylori infection: problems and prospects

2020 ◽  
pp. 54-59
Author(s):  
A. S. Molostova ◽  
N. S. Gladyshev ◽  
A. V. Svarval ◽  
R. S. Ferman ◽  
A. B. Karasyova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Urease Activity ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Biochemical Method ◽  
Antimicrobial Drugs ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Pcr Method ◽  
Positive Results

(HP) infection was performed using invasive and non-invasive methods. The study group consisted of 95 patients with dyspepsia. HP infection was detected in 47 patients (49.4 %). The expediency of using a set of diagnostic methods for detecting HP (PCR, immunochromatographic, bacteriological and method for determining urease activity) is proved. Most often (100 %) in patients HP infection was detected in biopsies using the PCR method. Somewhat less frequently it was detected when examining biopsies with an invasive biochemical method (AMA RUT Reader) (82 %) and fecal immunochromatographic method (83 %). Despite the fact that helicobacteriosis was detected bacteriologically in a small number of patients (24 %), this method is of particular value, since it allows you to assess the sensitivity to antimicrobial drugs and probiotics, and does not give false positive results.

Prevalence of SHV-extended spectrum β-lactamase producing carbapenem –resistantKlebsiellapneumoniae among patients with lower respiratory tractinfections in Babylon Province-Iraq.

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (SPL1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatima Moeen Abbas
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Rate ◽  
Combination Method ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Pcr Method ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Positive Results

This study was carried out to screen the prevalence of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from patients with lower respiratory tract infections in Babylon province.From December,2015 to the end of March,2016,a total of 100 sputum samples were collected from patients visited or hospitalized Merjan Teaching Hospital and Al- Hashimya General Hospital. Fifteenth (65%) isolates were identified as Klebsiellapneumoniae. All bacterial isolates were evaluated for extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) production phenotypically using disk combination method. Eleven (73.3%) isolates were detected as ESBL-producers. Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method was employed to determine resistance profile of ESBLs-positive isolates. Higher rates of resistance were observed for ampicillin and piperacillin antibiotics with (81.8%) and (72.7%) resistance rate, respectively, while the lowest rate was noticed for imipenem antibiotic (14.28%). Carbapenem-resistant isolates were investigated for blaSHV gene by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) method, 2 (100%) isolates gave positive results.

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