scholarly journals Formulation and Characterization of an Effervescent Hydrogen-Generating Tablet

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 1327
Author(s):  
Moritz Rosch ◽  
Kurt Lucas ◽  
Jozef Al-Gousous ◽  
Ulrich Pöschl ◽  
Peter Langguth
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Oral Delivery ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Hydrogen Generation ◽  
High Water ◽  
Sweet Taste ◽  
Dry Granulation ◽  
Medical Gas ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Hydrogen, as a medical gas, is a promising emerging treatment for many diseases related to inflammation and oxidative stress. Molecular hydrogen can be generated through hydrogen ion reduction by a metal, and magnesium-containing effervescent tablets constitute an attractive formulation strategy for oral delivery. In this regard, saccharide-based excipients represent an important class of potential fillers with high water solubility and sweet taste. In this study, we investigated the effect of different saccharides on the morphological and mechanical properties and the disintegration of hydrogen-generating effervescent tablets prepared by dry granulation. Mannitol was found to be superior to other investigated saccharides and promoted far more rapid hydrogen generation combined with acceptable mechanical properties. In further product optimization involving investigation of lubricant effects, adipic acid was selected for the optimized tablet, due to regulatory considerations.

Preparation and Characterization of Wood-Plastic Nanocomposites Based on Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 4840-4845
Author(s):  
Guixin Zhang ◽  
Yanyan Zhang ◽  
Jun Yang ◽  
Shijuan Li ◽  
Weihong Guo
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Interfacial Adhesion ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene ◽  
High Water ◽  
Abs Resin ◽  
Reactive Compatibilizer ◽  
Butadiene Styrene

The new wood-plastic nanocomposites (WPC) based on acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) resin was successfully blended with ABS and poplar flour (PF) through a HAAKE rheomix. The mechanical properties of nanocomposites, except for flexural modulus, were reduced after increasing the PF content. SEM photos show the reduction resulting from weak interfacial adhesion between the PF phase and ABS phase. Higher PF content leads to a low thermal stability and a high water absorption ratio. Different coupling agents (CA) were employed to improve the compatibility between PF and ABS. The results suggest that ABS-g-MAH is more effective than POE-g-MAH, EVA and SEBS. Maleic anhydride (MA) was blended in situ with PF and ABS as the reactive compatibilizer and mechanical properties of nanocomposites were improved except impact strength.

scholarly journals An Innovative Method for the Recycling of Waste Carbohydrate-Based Flours

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1414
Author(s):  
Carola Esposito Corcione ◽  
Raffaella Striani ◽  
Francesca Ferrari ◽  
Paolo Visconti ◽  
Daniela Rizzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Water Vapor Permeability ◽  
Accelerated Ageing ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Maize Starch ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
First Time

This work represents an innovative study that, for the first time, explores the possibility to use waste flours to produce thermoplastic polymeric bio-films. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that waste flours, derived from bakeries, pizzerias or pasta factories, have been proposed for the production of bio-polymers, as a replacement of neat starch. To this aim, durum waste flour derived from a pasta factory, soft waste flour derived from pizzerias and neat maize starch used as control material were firstly analyzed from dimensional, morphological and chemical points of view. Afterwards, waste flour films were produced by the addition of a nature-based plasticizer, glycerol. Mechanical characterization of the plasticized thermoplastic films, produced by compression molding, evidenced low performances, even in the case of the neat maize starch. In order to improve the mechanical properties, the possibility to include polylactic acid and cardanol-based plasticizer was also investigated. Mass transport properties of all the produced bio-films were investigated by measuring their water vapor permeability and hygroscopic absorption. The durability properties of the bio-films were assessed by accelerated ageing tests, while the bio-degradability of the waste-based films was evaluated by measuring the solubility and the degradation in water. The physicochemical analyses of the novel bio-films evidenced good mechanical properties; specifically, the waste-based films showed a lower hygroscopic absorption and water solubility than those of the blends containing neat starch.

Mechanical Properties of the ‘Stretchable’ Polyacrylamide-Gelatin Double Network Hydrogel

2014 ◽  
Vol 695 ◽  
pp. 328-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadia Adrus ◽  
Nur Farizah Ayub ◽  
Nurul Atika Mohd Amer ◽  
Jamarosliza Jamaluddin
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
High Water ◽  
High Water Content ◽  
Artificial Muscles ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Double Network ◽  
Innovative Materials ◽  
Physically Crosslinked ◽  
Mechanical Properties Characterization

Double network (DN) hydrogels have drawn considerable attention as innovative materials possessing both high water content as well as improved mechanical properties. In this study, DN hydrogels were formed from a combination of two hydrogel networks. The first network composed of acrylamide (AAm) andN’,N’-methylenebisacrylamide (MBAAm). AAm and MBAAm were covalently crosslinked via photopolymerization simultaneously with/without the presence of the second network pre-gel mixture; physically crosslinked gelatin-calcium carbonate (GCa). The mechanical properties characterization of the hydrogels revealed that tensile strength, Young’s modulus and elongation at break increased with the increasing amount of second network component; i.e. GCa. These data could confirmed that the polyacrylamide (PAAm)-GCa DN hydrogels possessed ‘stretchability’ character. Overall, PAAm-GCa DN hydrogels had shown better mechanical strength than the PAAm single network hydrogels. We foreseen that DN hydrogels are highly potential to be developed as artificial muscles.

Influence of diisocyanate reactivity and water solubility on the formation and the mechanical properties of gelatin-based networks in water

2013 ◽  
Vol 1569 ◽  
pp. 15-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Gebauer ◽  
Axel T. Neffe ◽  
Andreas Lendlein
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Ethyl Ester ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Network Formation ◽  
Gelation Time ◽  
High Water ◽  
Toluene Diisocyanate ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Inhomogeneous Materials ◽  
Solubility In Water

ABSTRACTGelatin can be covalently crosslinked in aqueous solution by application of diisocyanates like L-lysine diisocyanate ethyl ester in order to form hydrogels. Reaction of isocyanate groups with water is however a limiting factor in hydrogel network formation and can strongly influence the outcome of the crosslinking process. Here, diisocyanates with different water solubility and reactivity were applied for the formation of gelatin-based hydrogel networks and the mechanical properties of the hydrogels were investigated to gain a better understanding of starting material/ hydrogel property relations. L-Lysin diisocyanate ethyl ester (LDI), 2,4-toluene diisocyanate (TDI), 1,4-butane diisocyanate (BDI), and isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) were selected, having different solubility in water ranging from 10-4 to 10-2 mol·L-1. BDI and LDI were estimated to have average reactive isocyanates groups, whereas TDI is highly reactive and IPDI has low reactivity. Formed hydrogels showed different morphologies and were partially very inhomogeneous. Gelation time (1 to 50 minutes), water uptake (300 to 900 wt.-%), and mechanical properties determined by tensile tests (E-moduli 35 to 370 kPa) and rheology (Shear moduli 4.5 to 19.5 kPa) showed that high water solubility as well as high reactivity leads to the formation of poorly crosslinked or inhomogeneous materials. Nevertheless, diisocyanates with lower solubility in water and low reactivity are able to form stable, homogeneous hydrogel networks with gelatin in water.

scholarly journals Microscopic Characterization of Keji Beling Extract (Strobilanthes crispus L.) As Herbal Medicine Studies

Jurnal Biota ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-117
Author(s):  
Pramita Laksitarahmi Isrianto ◽  
Sonny Kristianto ◽  
Sukian Wilujeng
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
High Water ◽  
Test Analysis ◽  
Herbal Products ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Strobilanthes Crispus ◽  
Dpph Method ◽  
Microscopic Morphology

Keji Beling (Strobilanthes crispus L.) is one of medicinal plants in Acanthaceae family. The leaves are the part that is often used as the herbal products such as; herbs, tea and the others. This study aims to determine the characteristics of the functional groups of organic compounds, mineral content and antioxidant activity in the leaf extract of Strobilanthes crispus L. using pottery. Test analysis in research using FTIR, SEM-EDX, XRF. The result of  showed the presence of CH alkenes, CH aromatic, C-O alcohol/ether/carboxylic acid/ester, C-N amine, NO2 Nitro compounds, O-H hydrogen bond alcohol /phenol and N-H amines/amides The mineral composition contained macro elements of Ca, K, P and S. While the identified micro minerals are Si, Fe, Mo, Sr, Mn, Ba, Cu, Zn, and Ni. The microscopic morphology of Strobilanthes crispus  L. leaf extract is in the form of porous solid particels, thus it is to have high water solubility. The results of the antioxidant test using the DPPH method obtained an IC50 value of 19.20 ppm which is included in the group of very active antioxidants

scholarly journals Characterization of biodegradable film based on zein and oleic acid added with nanocarbonate

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (10) ◽  
pp. 1890-1894 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanessa Ximenes Ribeiro ◽  
José Francisco Lopes Filho ◽  
Monica Souza Cortes ◽  
Carmen Cecília Tadini
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Biodegradable Film ◽  
Fat Globules ◽  
Scanning Electron

Zein oleic acid films added with 1, 2 and 3 % (w/w) of nanocarbonate and 30 % glycerol as plasticizer, were produced and evaluated according to their structure and functional properties. Structural characteristics were analyzed by optical and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Water solubility and mechanical properties were determined according to ASTM methods. The increase of nanocarbonate concentration increased water solubility and influenced the color and mechanical properties. Optical and SEM of film samples added with nanocarbonate, shown low amount of pores and great fat globules size.

scholarly journals Synthesis and characterization of a hyper-branched water-soluble β-cyclodextrin polymer

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 2586-2593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Trotta ◽  
Fabrizio Caldera ◽  
Roberta Cavalli ◽  
Andrea Mele ◽  
Carlo Punta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Solubility ◽  
High Water ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Critical Conditions ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Water Soluble Polymer ◽  
Solvent Phase ◽  
New Material ◽  
Crucial Parameter

A new hyper-branched water-soluble polymer was synthesized by reacting β-cyclodextrin with pyromellitic dianhydride beyond the critical conditions that allow the phenomenon of gelation to occur. The molar ratio between the monomers is a crucial parameter that rules the gelation process. Nevertheless, the concentration of monomers in the solvent phase plays a key role as well. Hyper-branched β-cyclodextrin-based polymers were obtained performing the syntheses with excess of solvent and cross-linking agent, and the conditions for critical dilution were determined experimentally. A hyper-branched polymer with very high water solubility was obtained and fully characterized both as for its chemical structure and for its capability to encapsulate substances. Fluorescein was used as probe molecule to test the complexation properties of the new material.

Microstructural and fractographic characterization of B4C-Al cermets tested under dynamic and static loading

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 562-563
Author(s):  
Gyeung Ho Kim ◽  
Mehmet Sarikaya ◽  
D. L. Milius ◽  
I. A. Aksay
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Static Loading ◽  
Carbon Deposition ◽  
Full Density ◽  
Unique Combination ◽  
Strong Component ◽  
Reaction Products

Cermets are designed to optimize the mechanical properties of ceramics (hard and strong component) and metals (ductile and tough component) into one system. However, the processing of such systems is a problem in obtaining fully dense composite without deleterious reaction products. In the lightweight (2.65 g/cc) B4C-Al cermet, many of the processing problems have been circumvented. It is now possible to process fully dense B4C-Al cermet with tailored microstructures and achieve unique combination of mechanical properties (fracture strength of over 600 MPa and fracture toughness of 12 MPa-m1/2). In this paper, microstructure and fractography of B4C-Al cermets, tested under dynamic and static loading conditions, are described.The cermet is prepared by infiltration of Al at 1150°C into partially sintered B4C compact under vacuum to full density. Fracture surface replicas were prepared by using cellulose acetate and thin-film carbon deposition. Samples were observed with a Philips 3000 at 100 kV.

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