scholarly journals Enhanced Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Potentials of Lipopolysaccharides-Injected Musca domestica Larvae

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1111
Author(s):  
Islam El-Garawani ◽  
Hesham El-Seedi ◽  
Shaden Khalifa ◽  
Islam H. El Azab ◽  
Marwa Abouhendia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Musca Domestica ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Vero Cells ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Larval Hemolymph ◽  
Mcf 7

The usage of insects as a sustainable and functional natural products resource is a new promise in complementary and alternative medicine. The present study aimed to investigate the ability of Musca domestica (housefly) larval hemolymph (insect blood) to display the enhanced in vitro antioxidant and cytotoxic effects. The oxidative stress (OS) was elicited by inducing lipopolysaccharides (LPS) treatment as an exogenous stressor. Determination of superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and mRNA and protein expressions of SOD1, was investigated as confirmatory markers of oxidative stress induction. Cytotoxicity on cancerous MCF-7 and normal Vero cells were also evaluated using an MTT assay at 24 h post-injection. The injection of LPS induced a significant (p < 0.05) increase in SOD, GSH and TAC, whereas, the MDA was diminished. Hemolymph was collected from normal and treated larvae after 6, 12 and 24 h. The M. domestica superoxide dismutase (MdSOD1) transcripts were significantly (p < 0.05) upregulated 6 and 12 h post-treatment, while a significant downregulation was observed after 24 h. Western blot analysis showed that MdSOD1 was expressed in the hemolymph of the treated larvae with an increase of 1.2 folds at 6 and 12 h and 1.6 folds at 24 h relative to the control group. LPS-treated larval hemolymphs exhibited significant cytotoxicity with respect to the untreated ones against MCF-7 while Vero cells showed no cytotoxicity for both hemolymphs. The DPPH free radical scavenging activity was examined and a significant antioxidant potential potency was observed at 6 h (50% maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50): 63.3 ± 3.51 µg/mL) when compared to the control M. domestica larval hemolymph (IC50: 611.7 ± 10.41 µg/mL). Taken together, M. domestica larval hemolymph exhibited enhanced antioxidant and consequently increased cytotoxic capacities under stressed conditions.

scholarly journals A Comparative Study of the Antioxidative Effects of Helichrysum italicum and Helichrysum arenarium Infusions

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 380
Author(s):  
Katja Kramberger ◽  
Zala Jenko Pražnikar ◽  
Alenka Baruca Arbeiter ◽  
Ana Petelin ◽  
Dunja Bandelj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Morphological Type ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Stress Related Genes

Helichrysum arenarium (L.) Moench (abbrev. as HA) has a long tradition in European ethnomedicine and its inflorescences are approved as a herbal medicinal product. In the Mediterranean part of Europe, Helichrysum italicum (Roth) G. Don (abbrev. as HI) is more common. Since infusions from both plants are traditionally used, we aimed to compare their antioxidative potential using in vitro assays. Two morphologically distinct HI plants, HIa and HIb, were compared to a commercially available HA product. Genetic analysis using microsatellites confirmed a clear differentiation between HI and HA and suggested that HIb was a hybrid resulting from spontaneous hybridization from unknown HI subspecies. High-performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis showed the highest amounts of hydroxycinnamic acids and total arzanol derivatives in HIa, whereas HIb was richest in monohydroxybenzoic acids, caffeic acids, and coumarins, and HA contained the highest amounts of flavonoids, especially flavanones. HIa exhibited the highest radical scavenging activity; it was more efficient in protecting different cell lines from induced oxidative stress and in inducing oxidative stress-related genes superoxide dismutase 1, catalase, and glutathione reductase 1. The antioxidative potential of HI was not only dependent on the morphological type of the plant but also on the harvest date, revealing important information for obtaining the best possible product. Considering the superior properties of HI compared to HA, the evaluation of HI as a medicinal plant could be recommended.

Investigation of the Anti-cataract and Antioxidant Activities of Cnidoscolus aconitifolius Leaves Extract In vitro

2021 ◽  
pp. 28-38
Author(s):  
Henry Bulama ◽  
Daniel Dahiru ◽  
Joshua Madu
Keyword(s):  
Total Protein ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Aqueous Fraction ◽  
Cnidoscolus Aconitifolius

Background: Cataract is a major cause of visual impairment and blindness around the world. This study evaluated the in vitro antioxidant and anti-cataract activities of Cnidoscolus aconitifolius leaves extract and fractions. Antioxidant activities were evaluated by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiozoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), total reducing power, and hydrogen peroxide scavenging assays. Anti-cataract potential was evaluated in vitro using goat lenses divided into eight groups of different treatments and incubated in artificial aqueous humor at 37 °C for 72 hours. Glucose-induced opacity in the lenses was observed and biochemical indices quantified (catalase, Malondialdehyde (MDA) and total protein in the lens homogenate). Results: The crude extract and its fractions possess substantial antioxidant activities. The aqueous fraction exhibited the best DPPH radical scavenging activity (IC50 value 78.599 µg/ml); while the dichloromethane fraction exhibited the highest ABTS radical scavenging activity with IC50 66.68 µg/ml. The anti-cataract evaluation of crude and fractions at 250 μg/ml showed a significant increase (p<0.05) in the total protein and catalase activity compared to the cataract control group. The malonaldehyde level decreased significantly (p<0.05) in all the treated groups.

scholarly journals Rice Germosprout Extract Protects Erythrocytes from Hemolysis and the Aorta, Brain, Heart, and Liver Tissues from Oxidative StressIn Vitro

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahdat Hossain ◽  
Sujan Bhowmick ◽  
Marzan Sarkar ◽  
Mehedi Hassan ◽  
Jakir Hussain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Lipid Peroxide ◽  
Erythrocyte Membranes ◽  
Total Polyphenols ◽  
Tissue Homogenates ◽  
Antioxidative Effects ◽  
Gallic Acid Equivalent

Identifying dietary alternatives for artificial antioxidants capable of boosting antihemolytic and antioxidative defense has been an important endeavor in improving human health. In the present study, we studied antihemolytic and antioxidative effects of germosprout (i.e., the germ part along with sprouted stems plus roots) extract prepared from the pregerminated rice. The extract contained considerable amounts of antioxidantβ-carotene (414±12 ng/g of extract) and phytochemicals such as total polyphenols (12.0±1.1 mg gallic acid equivalent/g of extract) and flavonoids (11.0±1.4 mg catechin equivalent/g of extract). The antioxidant potential of the extract was assessed by its DPPH- (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl-) free radical scavenging activity where we observed that germosprout extract had considerable antioxidative potentials. To evaluate antihemolytic effect of the extract, freshly prepared erythrocytes were incubated with either peroxynitrite or Fenton’s reagent in the absence or presence of the extract. We observed that erythrocytes pretreated with the extract exhibited reduced degree ofin vitrohemolysis. To support the proposition that germosprout extract could act as a good antioxidative agent, we also inducedin vitrooxidative stress in erythrocyte membranes and in the aorta, brain, heart, and liver tissue homogenates in the presence of the extract. As expected, germosprout extract decreased oxidative stress almost to the same extent as that of vitamin E, as measured by lipid peroxide levels, in all the mentioned tissues. We conclude that rice germosprout extract could be a good natural source of antioxidants to reduce oxidative stress-induced hemolysis and damage of blood vessels and other tissues.

Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Evaluation of Indole-Pyrazole Amalgamated α-Cyano Substituted Chalcones

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pravin S. Bhale ◽  
Sadanand N. Shringare ◽  
Amol B. Khade ◽  
Hemant V. Chavan
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Safety Margin ◽  
Biological Evaluation ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Monkey Cell ◽  
Mcf 7

Background: Indole and pyrazole constitute a major class of biologically active scaffolds. The amalgamation of two or more pharmacophores would generate novel molecular templates that are likely to unveil remarkable biological properties. Objective: An efficient and high yielding synthesis of indole-pyrazole integrated α-cyano substituted chalcones and their in vitro antibreast cancer and antioxidant evaluation. Methods: The synthesis of a series of indole-pyrazole amalgamated α-cyano substituted chalcones (6a-o) was achieved by reacting substituted 3-cyanoacetyl indole 2 with substituted pyrazole aldehyde 5 in the presence of piperidine. All the newly synthesized compounds have been characterized by IR, 1H NMR and HRMS spectroscopy. Results: Anti-breast cancer evaluation of the synthesized compounds in vitro against MCF-7 cell line revealed high anti-breast cancer activities. Amongst the compounds screened 6f, 6g, 6h, 6c, 6d, 6e, 6i and 6k unveiled excellent activity against breast carcinoma (GI50 <0.1µM) as good as adriamycin (GI50 <0.1µM). The compounds were also screened against the normal Vero monkey cell line and the results demonstrated more selectivity against MCF-7. In other hand, compounds, 6b, 6c, 6d, 6h and 6i have shown moderate DPPH and NO radical scavenging activity. Conclusion: Most of the synthesized compounds exhibited significant antitumor activities. These results further support its safety margin by studying the activity on normal Vero monkey cell line. These results acclaim the possible use of these compounds for the design and development of potent anti-breast cancer agents.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Biological Activities of 2-Substituted Benzimidazole-Metal Complexes

1970 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Afzal Azam ◽  
BRP Kumar ◽  
R Mazumdar ◽  
B Suresh
Keyword(s):  
Antitumor Activity ◽  
Metal Complexes ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽  
Bidentate Ligands ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Mcf 7

A series of copper(II) and cobalt(II) coordination compounds with 2-substituted benzimidazole derived monodentate and bidentate ligands have been prepared and characterized by microanalysis, IR and UV-Vis spectroscopy. Synthesized metal complexes have been screened for their in vitro antioxidant and antitumor activity. The complex 4a showed significant nitric oxide free radical scavenging activity (IC50 65μg/ml), while 3i and 3g showed potent superoxide dismutase activity with IC50 of 0.26 and 0.28 μM respectively. In vitro cytotoxicity study with human breast MCF-7 and CNS SF 268 cancer cell lines showed that the most active 2-benzyl-1H-benzimidazole Cu(II) complex 3a inhibited the growth of cancer cells at 20 μM concentration. Keywords: Cu(II) complexes; Co(II) complexes; Benzimidazoles; Antitumor activity. DOI: 10.3329/dujps.v8i2.6027 Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 8(2): 131-140, 2009 (December)

In vitro Assessment the Potential Antioxidant and Antitumor Activities of Bifidobacterium Derived Bacteriocins

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shadan A Alwendawi
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Human Cancer ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Cancer Drug ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Antitumor Activities ◽  
Human Cancer Cell Lines ◽  
Mcf 7

Nowadays there are increasing interest in using microbial bioactive peptides as therapeutic agents or as adjuvant to increase the effectiveness of available therapies, a promising approach in this line is using of probiotics secreted peptides. Bifidobacterium is one of the favorite patented probiotics genera and most of human enteric Bifidobacterium secretes bacteriocins peptides to the surroundings. Bifidobacterial – associated bacteriocins are classified as GRAS peptides, and recently were attracted attention that become a widespread research topic in various fields including cancer drug discovery development. This study was conducted to seek for antioxidant and antitumor activities of bifidobacterial – derived bacteriocins. Two bacteriocins, Bifidin B1 and Bifidin B2, were partially purified from enteric Bifidibacterium longum Bl and Bifidobacterium bifidum B2, respectively. Bifidins were physiochemically characterized in respective of thermal, pH, and storage stability. Their proteinaceous nature was confirmed. Potential antioxidant activity in terms of free radical scavenging activity was evaluated, both Bifidins exhibited antioxidant activity, the highest percentage scavenging activity against DPPH was 70.55±0.2673 %, recorded for Bifidin B1, and was followed by 68.1 ±1.753% scavenging capacity for Bifidin B2, while both of Bifidins B1 and B2 had almost close values for scavenging of superoxide anion radicals, 66 ± 1.970 % and 65.64 ± 1.343%, respectively. Bifidins demonstrated potential antitumor activity on two human cancer cell lines, MCF-7 and Skov-3, however, the antiproliferative activities does not exceed 60.8%. Bifidins B1 and B2 showed highest cytotoxicity against Skov-3 cells rather than MCF-7 cells, with IC50 values of 28.9± 8.76 µg/ml, and 29.87± 9.13 µg/ml, respectively.

scholarly journals Resveratrol Delivery from Implanted Cyclodextrin Polymers Provides Sustained Antioxidant Effect on Implanted Neural Probes

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 3579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca M. Haley ◽  
Sean T. Zuckerman ◽  
Hassan Dakhlallah ◽  
Jeffery R. Capadona ◽  
Horst A. von Recum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Systemic Delivery ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects

Intracortical microelectrodes are valuable tools used to study and treat neurological diseases. Due in large part to the oxidative stress and inflammatory response occurring after electrode implantation, the signal quality of these electrodes decreases over time. To alleviate this response, resveratrol, a natural antioxidant which elicits neuroprotective effects through reduction of oxidative stress, was utilized. This work compares traditional systemic delivery of resveratrol to the novel cyclodextrin polymer (pCD) local delivery approach presented herein, both in vitro and in vivo. The pCD displayed an extended resveratrol release for 100 days, as well as 60 days of free radical scavenging activity in vitro. In vivo results indicated that our pCD delivery system successfully delivered resveratrol to the brain with a sustained release for the entire short-duration study (up to 7 days). Interestingly, significantly greater concentrations of resveratrol metabolites were found at the intracortical probe implantation site compared to the systemic administration of resveratrol. Together, our pilot results provide support for the possibility of improving the delivery of resveratrol in an attempt to stabilize long-term neural interfacing applications.

scholarly journals Nanotechnology for Natural Medicine: Formulation of Neem Oil Loaded Phospholipid Vesicles Modified with Argan Oil as a Strategy to Protect the Skin from Oxidative Stress and Promote Wound Healing

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 670
Author(s):  
Maria Letizia Manca ◽  
Maria Manconi ◽  
Maria Cristina Meloni ◽  
Francesca Marongiu ◽  
Mohamad Allaw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Sodium Hyaluronate ◽  
In Vitro Studies ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Neem Oil ◽  
Natural Medicine ◽  
Argan Oil

Neem oil, a plant-derived product rich in bioactives, has been incorporated in liposomes and hyalurosomes modified by adding argan oil and so called argan-liposomes and argan-hyalurosomes. Argan oil has also been added to the vesicles because of its regenerative and protective effects on skin. In the light of this, vesicles were specifically tailored to protect the skin from oxidative stress and treat lesions. Argan-liposomes were the smallest vesicles (~113 nm); the addition of sodium hyaluronate led to an increase in vesicle size (~143 nm) but it significantly improved vesicle stability during storage. In vitro studies confirmed the free radical scavenging activity of formulations, irrespective of their composition. Moreover, rheological investigation confirmed the higher viscosity of argan-hyalurosomes, which avoid formulation leakage after application. In vitro studies performed by using the most representative cells of the skin (i.e., keratinocytes and fibroblasts) underlined the ability of vesicles, especially argan-liposomes and argan-hyalurosomes, to counteract oxidative stress induced in these cells by using hydrogen peroxide and to improve the proliferation and migration of cells ensuring the more rapid and even complete closure of the wound (scratch assay).

scholarly journals Pharmacological Basis for Traditional Use of theLippia thymoides

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabrício Souza Silva ◽  
Pedro Modesto Nascimento Menezes ◽  
Pedro Guilherme Souza de Sá ◽  
André Luís de Santana Oliveira ◽  
Eric Alencar Araújo Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Crude Extracts

The aim of this study was to evaluate crude extracts and fractions from leaves and stems ofLippia thymoidesand to validate their use in folk medicine.In vitroantioxidant and antimicrobial activities andin vivowound healing in rats, baker yeast-induced fever in young rats, and acute oral toxicity in mice assays were realized. The crude extracts and their dichloromethane and ethyl acetate fractions had potent radical-scavenging activity against the DPPH but were not effective in theβ-carotene bleaching method. The dichloromethane fraction from the leaves extract showed the broadest spectrum of activity againstS. aureus,B. cereus, andC. parapsilosis. The animals treated with crude extracts showed no difference in wound healing when compared with the negative control group. The crude extract from leaves (1200 mg/kg) has equal efficacy in reducing temperature in rats with hyperpyrexia compared to dipyrone (240 mg/kg) and is better than paracetamol (150 mg/kg). In acute toxicity test, crude extract of leaves fromLippia thymoidesexhibited no mortality and behavioral changes and no adverse effects in male and female mice. This work validates the popular use ofLippia thymoidesfor treating the wound and fever, providing a source for biologically active substances.

scholarly journals Investigation of biological activities and antioxidant effects of newly synthesized α-β substituted unsaturated ketone benzofuran derivatives

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Buket ERZEN ◽  
Ökkeş YILMAZ ◽  
Demet COŞKUN ◽  
ERCAN AYDOĞMUŞ
Keyword(s):  
Yeast Cell ◽  
Vitamin K ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Unsaturated Ketone ◽  
Antioxidant Effects

Abstract Effects of benzofuran-derived α - β unsaturated ketone-derived compounds, which are newly synthesized and not previously subjected to biological activity testing have been evaluated. The pour test compounds were determined for in vitro antioxidant activity using models namely 1,1-Dihenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH*) and Lipid Peroxidation (LPO) scavenging methods. Lipophilic vitamins and phytosterols analysis was carried out on an HPLC instrument. The fatty acids in the lipid extract were converted to methyl esters and then analyzed by gas chromatography (GC). Our results show that 1a, 2a, 2c coded substances used at 20 µL and 30 µL concentrations have more DPPH free radical scavenging activity than quercetin used as standard. Whereas the amount of LPO was significantly decreased in Quercetin and Resveratrol groups and 1a coded substance compared to the control and FR groups (p < 0.0001). 1c coded substance partially increased the amount of GSH (p < 0.01). When effects of 1b, 2c coded substances on lipophilic vitamins and phytosterol profile in S. Cerevisiae yeast cell were examined; the amounts of α-tocopherol, δ- tocopherol, vitamin K1, and Stigmasterol increased in all groups compared to the control. When effects of 1c, 2a coded substances on lipophilic vitamins and phytosterol profile in S. Cerevisiae Yeast Cell were examined; the amounts of α- tocopherol, vitamin K1, and Stigmasterol increased compared to the control group.

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