scholarly journals Kenaf Composites for Automotive Components: Enhancement in Machinability and Moldability

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1707 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nabilah Afiqah Mohd Radzuan ◽  
Nur Farhani Ismail ◽  
Mohd Khairul Fadzly Md Radzi ◽  
Zakaria Bin Razak ◽  
Izdihar Binti Tharizi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
High Tensile Strength ◽  
Compression Moulding ◽  
Moulding Process ◽  
Automotive Components ◽  
Polymer Resin ◽  
Kenaf Fibre ◽  
Kenaf Composites ◽  
Selection Of

To date, the mechanical performance of kenaf composites is still unsatisfied in term of its mechanical performance. Therefore, research focuses on kenaf composites fabrication through the selection of polymer resin, including epoxy, polypropylene, and polylactic acid. The incorporated kenaf fibre at 10 wt % to 40 wt % loadings was conducted using injection and a compression moulding process. The compressed materials indicated high tensile strength at 240 MPa compared to inject materials (60 MPa). Significant improvement on impact strength (9 kJ/m2) was due to the unpulled-out fibre that dispersed homogenously and hence minimize the microcrack acquire. Meanwhile, high flexural strength (180 MPa) obtained by kenaf/epoxy composites due to the fibre orientate perpendicular to the loading directions, which improve its mechanical properties. The findings indicate that the kenaf fibre reinforced thermoset materials exhibit better mechanical properties as a function to the battery tray applications.

Kevlar Reinforcement in Treated Kenaf Composites: Tensile and Impact Properties

2015 ◽  
Vol 1113 ◽  
pp. 68-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noor Haznida Bakar ◽  
Koay Mei Hyie ◽  
Anizah Kalam ◽  
Z. Salleh ◽  
Noel Imang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Fibre Composite ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Impact Resistance ◽  
Weight Percentage ◽  
Kenaf Fibre ◽  
Structure Observation ◽  
Kenaf Composites ◽  
The Impact

This research was carried out to investigate the mechanical properties of hybridization composite material which used treated kenaf long fibre with Kevlar reinforcement and polyester as matrix. The purpose of this research is to improve the tensile strength and impact resistance quality of kenaf fibre, so it can be widely used in automotive, military and marine application. From this study, hybrid composites were fabricated by hand lay up and cold press method. The hybrid composites were studied by experimental using Instron Universal Testing Machine according to the standard ASTM D3039. Impact test were conducted using drop tower device according to the standard ASTM D3763. It is clearly observed that the mechanical properties were increased with the addition of weight percentage of woven Kevlar in the kenaf composites. The highest energy was recorded at by hybrid composite in combination of 20 wt% Kevlar. The structure observation of impacted hybrid samples showed that as the impact energy increased, the energy absorbed was also increased. It is found that reinforcing kenaf fibre composite with woven Kevlar can improve mechanical properties of kenaf fibre.

Relationship of mechanical properties of crushed stone source rocks to their technological-mechanical performance

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Prikryl
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Physical Property ◽  
Evaluation Process ◽  
Source Rocks ◽  
Crushed Stone ◽  
Strength Data ◽  
Fundamental Physical Property ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Selection Of

<p>Decision on suitability of rocks for production of crushed stone and their use in specific constructional activities relies on series of empirically-designed tests which partly simulate certain degradation forces acting during the service of aggregates. Tests for integrity of crushed stone particles subjected to mechanical forces employ several approaches simulating abrasion, attrition, and/or crushing; these can thus be generally designated as technological-mechanical performance (TMP) tests. Design of these tests has nothing to do with testing of mechanical properties viewed as fundamental physical property. However, numerous authors attempted to correlate certain mechanical properties (specifically uniaxial compressive strength data) with TMP of crushed stone source rocks. Unfortunately, relatively low correlation has been generally achieved.</p><p>In the recent study, this approach is re-examined by using not only ultimate strength data, but also knowledge on deformational process and on its energetic parameters. The results of laboratory experiments show, that some of the obtained data exhibit much tighter correlation; however, one has be very careful in selection of proper parameters. Thorough understanding of damage mechanisms of crushed stone particles (i.e. mechanisms of their wear and breakage during service life) makes critical part of this evaluation process.</p>

Mechanical Properties of Rubber Toughened Polyester-Kenaf Composites under Active Environment

2013 ◽  
Vol 812 ◽  
pp. 107-112
Author(s):  
N.N. Bonnia ◽  
N.S. Shuhaimen ◽  
A.A. Redzuan
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Unsaturated Polyester ◽  
Kenaf Fibre ◽  
Environment Exposure ◽  
Rubber Toughened ◽  
Liquid Natural Rubber ◽  
Polyester Composite ◽  
Kenaf Composites

In this study rubber toughened polyester composite filled with kenaf was exposed in different environmental condition such as in artificial sea water (SW), distilled water (DS), environment exposure (Ex) and soil exposure (SL). Rubber-toughened polyester-kenaf fibre composites were prepared by adding 25% of kenaf fibre in unsaturated polyester resin and cross linked with a mixture of methyl ethylketone peroxide and cobalt octanoate. Three percent (3%) of liquid natural rubber (LNR) were added as a toughening agent. The sample was prepared using compression molding technique. The mechanical properties of the composites were evaluated by hardness, flexural and fracture toughness testing. It was found that the samples that being immersed in seawater (SW) had lower mechanical properties as compared to other conditions. The value of hardness strength were decrease about 1.7% and for fracture toughness the decreasing is about 8.53% while flexural strength had been decrease by 30%. Bonding mechanisms were then assessed by scanning electron microscope and FTIR analysis

Preliminary Study on the Mechanical Properties of Continuous Long Pineapple Leaf Fibre Reinforced PLA Biocomposites

2016 ◽  
Vol 694 ◽  
pp. 18-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Hajar Sheikh Md Fadzullah ◽  
Zaleha Mustafa ◽  
Siti Nur Rabiatutadawiah Ramli ◽  
Qurratu'Aini Yaacob ◽  
Ain Fatihah Mohamed Yusoff
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Alkaline Treatment ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Compression Moulding ◽  
Moulding Process ◽  
A Value ◽  
Nominal Thickness ◽  
Naoh Solution

This research work investigates the effect of using alkaline-treated continuous long pineapple leaf fibers (PALF) as reinforcement in bio-based poly lactic acid (PLA) polymer biocomposite. Alkaline treatment using NaOH solution was employed to improve the fiber-matrix adhesion, with the aim to enhance the mechanical properties of the biocomposites, in terms of its tensile and impact properties. In this study, both the plain PLA polymer and the PALF reinforced PLA biocomposites were prepared using compression moulding process. Thin films with nominal thickness of approximately 1 mm each were stacked in between continuous long PALF fibers prior to compression moulding via hot press machine to form biocomposites plate. Two types of mechanical testing were performed, i.e., tensile test (ASTM D3039) and impact test (ASTM D6110). Significant enhancements are observed when the plain PLA were reinforced with the PALF long fiber, with the biocomposites showing two times better the tensile strength and modulus, with the values of approximately 73.26 MPa in comparison to only about 34.85 MPa for the plain PLA and tensile modulus of approximately 2735.36 MPa in comparison to 1641.12 MPa for the plain PLA. The energy absorption of the biocomposites also showed promising results with a value of approximately 0.92 J/cm2 in comparison to only about 0.35 J/cm2 for the plain PLA. In addition, a scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to scrutinize morphology of the PALF reinforced PLA biocomposites.

An Investigation of Mechanical Properties of Recycled EVA/Commingled Plastics

2013 ◽  
Vol 467 ◽  
pp. 198-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristsada Sanguanwong ◽  
Mostafa Nikzad ◽  
Igor Sbarski ◽  
S.H. Masood ◽  
Ajay Kapoor
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Testing ◽  
Ethylene Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Impact Testing ◽  
Thermoplastic Polymer ◽  
Compression Moulding ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Moulding Process ◽  
Flexural Testing ◽  
The Impact

In the present study, the mechanical properties of recycled ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA)/commingled thermoplastic polymer (CTP) composite material are investigated. The recycled CTP was blended with recycled EVA at different fractions by weight to form CTP/EVA composites.Test specimens of CTP/EVA composites were produced using compression moulding process to evaluate their mechanical properties. The results of tensile testing showed that the incorporation of EVA into CTP resulted in reduction of tensile strength but increase in elongation at break. In addition, the impact testing and flexural testing also showed that there is a general decrease in impact and flexural strength and also in flexural deformation, with increased percentage of EVA into the composite materials.

The Effect of Natural Rubber and Plasticizer Addition on the Mechanical Properties of Tacca leontopetaloides Starch Based Polymer

2015 ◽  
Vol 1113 ◽  
pp. 127-134
Author(s):  
Nur Farzana Abdul Ghafar ◽  
Nur Shahidah Ab Aziz ◽  
Nurul Shuhada Mohd Makhtar ◽  
Miradatul Najwa Mohd Rodhi
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Thermoplastic Elastomer ◽  
High Tensile Strength ◽  
Blend Ratio ◽  
Roll Mill ◽  
Water Absorption Test ◽  
Blend Ratios ◽  
Vulcanization Process

The effect of natural rubber and glycerol addition on the mechanical performance of Tacca leontopetaloides biopolymer was investigated in this paper. The samples were formulated by varying blend ratios of latex natural rubber to glycerol; 40/30 (GM1), 50/5.85 (GM2), 60/30 (GM3), 40/10 (GM4) and 50/20 (GM5). The samples (GMs) were compounded by using two roll mill machine followed by vulcanization process with the presence of stearic acid and sulphur that act as curing agent. The sheet formed was cut into desired sizes, based on the analysis conducted. The mechanical performance of GMs was investigated by conducting tensile test, morphological structural analysis and water absorption test. The mechanical properties of GM2 showed a high tensile strength with low Young’s modulus compared to other GMs, thus indicating that GM2 was the superior combination of natural rubber to glycerol blend ratio. This, therefore, may be applied for the development of biopolymer with the properties of thermoplastic elastomer.

Mechanical properties and flexural behaviour of fibrous cementitious composites containing hybrid, kenaf and barchip fibres in cyclic exposure

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhamad Fadli Samsudin 1* ◽  
Mahyuddin Ramli 1 ◽  
Cheah Chee Ban 1
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Cement Paste ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Pozzolanic Reaction ◽  
Cementitious Composites ◽  
Flexural Behaviour ◽  
Volume Weight ◽  
Kenaf Fibre ◽  
Pulverized Fuel ◽  
Pulverized Fuel Ash

In this study, the mechanical properties and flexural behaviour of the fibrous cementitious composites containing hybrid, kenaf and barchip fibres cured in cyclic exposure were investigated. Waste or by-product materials such as pulverized fuel ash (PFA) and ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBS) were used as a binder or supplementary cementitious to replace cement. Barchip and kenaf fibre were added to enhance the mechanical properties and flexural behaviour of the composites. A seven mix design of the composites containing hybrid, kenaf and barchip fibre mortar were fabricated with PFA-GGBS at 50% with hybridization of barchip and kenaf fibre between 0.5% and 2.0% by total volume weight. The composites were fabricated using 50 × 50 × 50 mm, 40 × 40 × 160 mm and 350 × 125 × 30 mm steel mould. The flexural behaviour and mechanical performance of the PFA-GGBS mortar specimens were assessed in terms of load-deflection response, load compressive response, and crack development, compressive and flexural strength after cyclic exposure for 28 days. The results showed that specimen HBK 1 (0.5% kenaf fibre and 2.0% barchip fibre) and HBK 2 (1.0% kenaf fibre and 1.5% barchip fibre) possessed good mechanical performance and flexural behaviour. As conclusion, the effect of fibres was proven to enhance the characteristics of concrete or mortar by reducing shrinkage, micro crack and additional C-S-H gel precipitated from the pozzolanic reaction acted to fill pores of the cement paste matrix and cement paste aggregate interface zone between mortar matrix and fibre bonding.  

Effect of MWCNT on Mechanical Properties of γ-Irradiated UHMWPE during Shelf Ageing Process

2011 ◽  
Vol 410 ◽  
pp. 160-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.S. Sreekanth ◽  
N.Naresh Kumar ◽  
S. Kanagaraj
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Milling Process ◽  
Stress And Strain ◽  
Compression Moulding ◽  
Moulding Process ◽  
Mwcnt Concentration ◽  
Irradiation Dosage ◽  
Ageing Period ◽  
Gamma Irradiated

Crosslinking of UHMWPE by gamma irradiation has been the prime choice to improve the wear resistance of the polymer. However, it is always associated with few setbacks like degradation of material properties during the shelf ageing period. In the present work, nanocomposites were prepared using ball milling process and then compression moulding process where UHMWPE was reinforced by MWCNTs with 0.20 and 0.40 wt. %. The samples were gamma irradiated using60Co at 25 and 50 kGy sterilizing doses in air without any post irradiative treatments and then shelf aged for 240 days. The mechanical properties of the composites were studied using small punch technique according to ASTM F2183 standards. Both toughness and hardness of the composites were found to be improved with an increase of irradiation dosage and MWCNT concentration. It is observed that the percentage reduction in Young’s modulus, yield stress and % strain at fracture of 0.4% composite at 50 kGy dose are 6.4%, 8.8% and 12.7%, respectively compared to that of virgin UHMWPE irradiated at same dosage. It is concluded that presence of MWCNTs in UHMWPE prevents the degradation of material properties during the shelf ageing period after irradiation.

scholarly journals The Effect of Customized Woven and Stacked Layer Orientation on Tensile and Flexural Properties of Woven Kenaf Fibre Reinforced Epoxy Composites

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Hamdan ◽  
F. Mustapha ◽  
K. A. Ahmad ◽  
A. S. Mohd Rafie ◽  
M. R. Ishak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Type A ◽  
Resin Matrix ◽  
Flexural Properties ◽  
Kenaf Fibre ◽  
Electron Microscopy Analysis ◽  
Layer Orientation ◽  
Kenaf Composites ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Woven Kenaf

The synthetic fibres have created some issues including risk of inhalation during fabrication process, renewability, biodegradability, and recyclability in composites industry. The usage of biocomposites as a replacement to synthetic fibres is beginning to be widespread. However, it is noted that lesser attention has been devoted to evaluating the mechanical properties of woven kenaf composites at various woven and stacked layer orientation. Thus, the research objective is to identify the effect of woven and stacked layer orientation on tensile and flexural properties of kenaf composites. Two types of fibre orientation are employed; type A contains a higher yarn density and type B contains a low yarn density. The tensile and flexural tests are conducted to analyze the mechanical properties of woven kenaf fibre composites and compare them to random chopped kenaf composites. The fracture interface between fibre and matrix epoxy is further investigated via scanning electron microscope. Type A kenaf improved up to 199% and 177% as compared to random chopped kenaf for flexural strength and tensile strength, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy analysis shows that resin matrix is properly induced into kenaf fibre gap hence giving additional strength to woven kenaf as compared to random chopped kenaf.

Mechanical Characterization and Evaluation of NaOH Treated Chopped Abaca Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Composites

2021 ◽  
Vol 1019 ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
Rittin Abraham Kurien ◽  
D. Philip Selvaraj ◽  
M. Sekar ◽  
Chacko Preno Koshy ◽  
D. Tijo
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Fibre Volume Fraction ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Fibre Volume ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Compression Moulding ◽  
Fiber Volume ◽  
Moulding Process ◽  
Waste Transfer

Researchers have been busy developing new environmental friendly products and materials based on sustainability principles to reduce pollution and prevention of our resourceful non-biodegradable and non-renewable sources. Over synthetic materials there are many unquestionable focal points for natural fibers and some of them are low thickness, least waste transfer issues and also equivalent quality. In this research the mechanical properties of abaca fiber reinforced epoxy composite were evaluated. Then with the help of compression moulding process, different composite samples of varying fiber volume fractions were prepared. Different mechanical tests such as tensile, flexural, impact and hardness were conducted on the prepared samples. 25 wt% of abaca fibre volume fraction composites shows better mechanical properties.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document