scholarly journals Bioactivated Oxidized Polyvinyl Alcohol towards Next-Generation Nerve Conduits Development

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 3372
Author(s):  
Elena Stocco ◽  
Silvia Barbon ◽  
Alessia Lamanna ◽  
Enrico De De Rose ◽  
Annj Zamuner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Smart Materials ◽  
Device Fabrication ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Precise Control ◽  
Self Assembling ◽  
Nerve Conduits ◽  
Function Recovery ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Future Potential

The limitations and difficulties that nerve autografts create in normal nerve function recovery after injury is driving research towards using smart materials for next generation nerve conduits (NCs) setup. Here, the new polymer partially oxidized polyvinyl alcohol (OxPVA) was assayed to verify its future potential as a bioactivated platform for advanced/effective NCs. OxPVA-patterned scaffolds (obtained by a 3D-printed mold) with/without biochemical cues (peptide IKVAV covalently bound (OxPVA-IKVAV) or self-assembling peptide EAK (sequence: AEAEAKAKAEAEAKAK), mechanically incorporated (OxPVA+EAK) versus non-bioactivated scaffold (peptide-free OxPVA (PF-OxPVA) supports, OxPVA without IKVAV and OxPVA without EAK control scaffolds) were compared for their biological effect on neuronal SH-SY5Y cells. After cell seeding, adhesion/proliferation, mediated by (a) precise control over scaffolds surface ultrastructure; (b) functionalization efficacy guaranteed by bioactive cues (IKVAV/EAK), was investigated by MTT assay at 3, 7, 14 and 21 days. As shown by the results, the patterned groove alone stimulates colonization by cells; however, differences were observed when comparing the scaffold types over time. In the long period (21 days), patterned OxPVA+EAK scaffolds distinguished in bioactivity, assuring a significantly higher total cell amount than the other groups. Experimental evidence suggests patterned OxPVA-EAK potential for NCs device fabrication.

Biomimetic Design of 3D Printed Tissue-engineered bone Constructs

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Liu ◽  
Shifeng Liu ◽  
Yunzhe Li ◽  
Peng Zhou ◽  
Qian ma
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Advanced Materials ◽  
Bionic Design ◽  
Material Interfaces ◽  
Precise Control ◽  
Cell Printing ◽  
Biomimetic Scaffolds ◽  
3D Printed

Abstract:: Surgery to repair damaged tissue, which is caused by disease or trauma, is being carried out all the time, and a desirable treatment is compelling need to regenerate damaged tissues to further improve the quality of human health. Therefore, more and more research focus on exploring the most suitable bionic design to enrich available treatment methods. 3D-printing, as an advanced materials processing approach, holds promising potential to create prototypes with complex constructs that could reproduce primitive tissues and organs as much as possible or provide appropriate cell-material interfaces. In a sense, 3D printing promises to bridge between tissue engineering and bionic design, which can provide an unprecedented personalized recapitulation with biomimetic function under the precise control of the composition and spatial distribution of cells and biomaterials. This article describes recent progress in 3D bionic design and the potential application prospect of 3D printing regenerative medicine including 3D printing biomimetic scaffolds and 3D cell printing in tissue engineering.

Preparation of 3D Printed Chitosan/Polyvinyl Alcohol Double Network Hydrogel Scaffolds

2021 ◽  
pp. 2000398
Author(s):  
Fei Liu ◽  
Wenyu Li ◽  
Hongting Liu ◽  
Teng Yuan ◽  
Yu Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Double Network ◽  
Hydrogel Scaffolds ◽  
3D Printed

scholarly journals Synthesis of Printable Polyvinyl Alcohol for Aerosol Jet and Inkjet Printing Technology

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 220
Author(s):  
Mahmuda Akter Monne ◽  
Chandan Qumar Howlader ◽  
Bhagyashree Mishra ◽  
Maggie Yihong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Inkjet Printing ◽  
Micro Electro Mechanical System ◽  
Device Fabrication ◽  
Silicon Substrates ◽  
Excellent Candidate ◽  
Jet Printing ◽  
Inkjet Printing Technology ◽  
Transistor Fabrication ◽  
Aerosol Jet Printing

Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) is a promising polymer due to its high solubility with water, availability in low molecular weight, having short polymer chain, and cost-effectiveness in processing. Printed technology is gaining popularity to utilize processible solution materials at low/room temperature. This work demonstrates the synthesis of PVA solution for 2.5% w/w, 4.5% w/w, 6.5% w/w, 8.5% w/w and 10.5% w/w aqueous solution was formulated. Then the properties of the ink, such as viscosity, contact angle, surface tension, and printability by inkjet and aerosol jet printing, were investigated. The wettability of the ink was investigated on flexible (Kapton) and non-flexible (Silicon) substrates. Both were identified as suitable substrates for all concentrations of PVA. Additionally, we have shown aerosol jet printing (AJP) and inkjet printing (IJP) can produce multi-layer PVA structures. Finally, we have demonstrated the use of PVA as sacrificial material for micro-electro-mechanical-system (MEMS) device fabrication. The dielectric constant of printed PVA is 168 at 100 kHz, which shows an excellent candidate material for printed or traditional transistor fabrication.

scholarly journals The Physicochemical Properties of Decellularized Extracellular Matrix-Coated 3D Printed Poly(ε-caprolactone) Nerve Conduits for Promoting Schwann Cells Proliferation and Differentiation

Materials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1665 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chung-Chia Chen ◽  
Joyce Yu ◽  
Hooi-Yee Ng ◽  
Alvin Lee ◽  
Chien-Chang Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Schwann Cells ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Specific Class ◽  
Nerve Grafting ◽  
Decellularized Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Nerve Conduits ◽  
3D Printed

Although autologous nerve grafting remains the gold standard treatment for peripheral nerve injuries, alternative methods such as development of nerve guidance conduits have since emerged and evolved to counter the many disadvantages of nerve grafting. However, the efficacy and viability of current nerve conduits remain unclear in clinical trials. Here, we focused on a novel decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) and polydopamine (PDA)-coated 3D-printed poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL)-based conduits, whereby the PDA surface modification acts as an attachment platform for further dECM attachment. We demonstrated that dECM/PDA-coated PCL conduits possessed higher mechanical properties when compared to human or animal nerves. Such modifications were proved to affect cell behaviors. Cellular behaviors and neuronal differentiation of Schwann cells were assessed to determine for the efficacies of the conduits. There were some cell-specific neuronal markers, such as Nestin, neuron-specific class III beta-tubulin (TUJ-1), and microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2) analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and Nestin expressions were found to be 0.65-fold up-regulated, while TUJ1 expressions were 2.3-fold up-regulated and MAP2 expressions were 2.5-fold up-regulated when compared to Ctl. The methodology of PDA coating employed in this study can be used as a simple model to immobilize dECM onto PCL conduits, and the results showed that dECM/PDA-coated PCL conduits can as a practical and clinically viable tool for promoting regenerative outcomes in larger peripheral nerve defects.

What we have achieved in the design of 3D printed metal implants for application in orthopedics? Personal experience and review

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (8) ◽  
pp. 1365-1379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zuhao Li ◽  
Chenyu Wang ◽  
Chen Li ◽  
Zhonghan Wang ◽  
Fan Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personal Experience ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
High Patient Satisfaction ◽  
Functional Rehabilitation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Metal Implants ◽  
Potential Development ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Future Potential

PurposeThis paper aims to review the latest applications in terms of three-dimensional printed (3DP) metal implants in orthopedics, and, importantly, the design of 3DP metal implants through a series of cases operated at The Second Hospital of Jilin University were presented.Design/methodology/approachThis paper is available to practitioners who are use 3DP implants in orthopedics. This review began with the deficiency of traditional prostheses and basic concepts of 3DP implants. Then, representative 3DP clinical cases were summarized and compared, and the experiences using customized prostheses and directions for future potential development are also shown.FindingsThe results obtained from the follow-up of clinical applications of 3DP implants show that the 3D designed and printed metal implants could exhibit good bone defect matching, quick and safe joint functional rehabilitation as well as saving time in surgery, which achieved high patient satisfaction collectively.Originality/valueSingle center experiences of 3DP metal implants design were shared and the detailed technical points between various regions were compared and analyzed. In conclusion, the 3DP technology is infusive and will present huge potential to reform future orthopedic practice.

Cost Effective Laparoscopic Trainer Utilizing Magnetic-Based Position Tracking

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Boutelle ◽  
Fluvio Lobo ◽  
Mohammad Odeh ◽  
Jack Stubbs
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Position Tracking ◽  
Effective Solution ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Current Design ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Education Training ◽  
Design Cost ◽  
Design And Application

This paper discusses the design and application of magnetic-based position tracking in surgical trainers. The utilization of magnetic-based position tracking in Laparoscopic Trainers provides a cost-effective solution to the next generation of medical education, training and evaluation. The utilization of 3D printed parts as well as off the shelf electronics allows us to maximize accuracy while minimizing design cost. Our current design costs less than $300.00 while providing results with an error of 1.474–14.265%.

The Effects of Additive Manufacturing and Electric Poling Techniques on PVdF Thin Films: Towards 3D Printed Functional Materials

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinsheng Fan ◽  
David Gonzalez ◽  
Jose Garcia ◽  
Brittany Newell ◽  
Robert A. Nawrocki
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Smart Materials ◽  
Vinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Pressure Sensors ◽  
Functional Materials ◽  
Piezoelectric Constant ◽  
Β Phase ◽  
Calibration Curves ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
3D Printed

Abstract Mechanical flexibility, faster processing, lower fabrication cost and biocompatibility enable poly (vinylidene fluoride) (PVdF) to have a wide range of applications. This work investigated the use of a piezoelectric polymeric material, PVdF, in combination with 3D printing, to explore new strategies for the fabrication of smart materials with embedded functions, namely sensing. The motivation behind this research was to design and fabricate PVdF thin films that will be used to build pressure sensors with applications in active intelligent structures. In this work, 3D printed PVdF thin films with thickness values in the range of 250 to 350 μm were poled under high direct current electrical fields, which were varied from 0.4 to 12 MV/m and temperatures from 80 to 140 °C. Copper electrodes were applied, forming a standard capacitor layered structure, to facilitate poling and to collect piezoelectric output voltage. The poling process enabled the piezoelectric crystalline phase transition of printed PVdF films to transfer from the non-active a α-phase to the piezoelectric active β-phase and rearranged the dipole alignments of the β-phase. The efficiency of poling was evaluated through the piezoelectric constant calculated from measured calibration curves. These calibration curves demonstrated the PVdF sensing device have a positive linear correlation between mechanical input and voltage output. We found that a peak value in piezoelectric constant correlated with poling voltages and temperatures. The highest piezoelectric constant achieved through contact poling was 32.29 pC/N poled at 750 V and 120 °C, and temperature was deemed the most important factors to influence piezoelectric constant. We believe that the present work demonstrates a path towards fully 3D printed smart, functional materials.

Interfacial Bond Strength of Various Rigid/Soft Multi-Materials Printed via Fused Filament Fabrication Process

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karun Kalia ◽  
Amir Ameli
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Crack Growth ◽  
Smart Materials ◽  
Peak Load ◽  
Crack Growth Behavior ◽  
Interfacial Bond ◽  
Interfacial Bond Strength ◽  
Fused Filament Fabrication ◽  
Unstable Crack ◽  
3D Printed

Abstract Layered multi-materials of dissimilar polymers and their nanocomposites offer new opportunities as smart materials and structures. A critical aspect of such structures is the quality of interlayer adhesion between dissimilar polymer matrices. This work reports the development of asymmetric double cantilever beam (ADCB) specimens of dissimilar polymers and its use in the analysis and understanding of their interlayer adhesion in 3D-printed rigid/soft interfaces. Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), polycarbonate (PC), polylactic acid (PLA) were chosen as the rigid polymers and combined with thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) as the soft component. 3D-printed ADCB specimens were loaded under opening mode, until fracture, to obtain the load-displacement data and the fracture surfaces were analyzed using optical microscopy. ABS/TPU/ABS and PC/TPU/PC material combinations resulted in a more stable crack growth with a high peak load indicating a relatively good interfacial adhesion. The high nozzle temperatures of ABS and PC and their amorphous nature contributed to a good layer-to-layer fusion during 3D printing. However, PLA/TPU/PLA specimens exhibited an unstable crack growth behavior with a pure adhesive failure mode and a significantly lower peak load. This poor interfacial bond strength was correlated to the relatively low nozzle temperature of PLA and its semi-crystalline structure. The maximum loads in ABS/TPU/ABS and PC/TPU/PC specimens were found to be ∼2.5 times greater than that of PLA/TPU/PLA ones. The method provides a valuable tool in quantifying interlayer adhesion quality in printed dissimilar polymers and their functional nanocomposites.

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