scholarly journals Experimental and Statistical Analysis of Saw Mill Wood Waste Composite Properties for Practical Applications

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 4038
Author(s):  
Muhammad Usman Khan ◽  
Muhammad Abas ◽  
Sahar Noor ◽  
Bashir Salah ◽  
Waqas Saleem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glass Transition ◽  
Transition Temperature ◽  
Glass Transition Temperature ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Decomposition Temperature ◽  
Wood Waste ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Mechanical Tensile

The utilization of composite materials is increasing at a growing rate in almost all types of products, due to their strength-to-stiffness ratio. From this perspective, natural waste composites, i.e., wood waste composites, have also been investigated for their effective and sustainable employment. This paper deals with the application of hard and soft wood waste (i.e., acacia and cedar wood) with epoxy resin polymer to develop high strength and thermally stable wood composites. Mechanical (tensile, flexural, impact, and hardness) and thermal properties of samples are studied using Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC) and Thermo Gravimetric Analysis (TGA), respectively. The properties are evaluated by varying the type of wood waste and its percentage by weight. Based on the Taguchi Orthogonal Array Mixture Design, eighteen experiments are investigated. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) results show that wood waste type and wood waste content have a significant effect on all mechanical properties. From the TGA analysis, it is predicted that both types of wood waste composites exhibit similar thermal-induced degradation profiles in terms of the initial and final degradation temperatures. From the DSC results, higher glass transition temperature Tg is detected in 10% of the hardwood waste composite, and a reducing tendency of glass transition temperature Tg is observed with exceeding wood waste content. Moreover, hardwood waste at 10% demonstrated improved decomposition temperature Td, due to strong adhesion between waste and matrix.

scholarly journals SiO2 particles effect on the mechanical properties of the starch/PVA blends

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (36) ◽  
pp. 153-171
Author(s):  
Nahida J. H.
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Glass Transition ◽  
Transition Temperature ◽  
Glass Transition Temperature ◽  
Ultimate Strength ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Polymer System ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Ratio Increase

The present work studies the mechanical properties of SiO2 μPs, and NPs in St/PVA blends. The samples were prepared by casting method as PVA, St/PVA blends at different concentrations (30, 40, 50, and 60 %). DSC and TGA tests were carried out to the samples evolved. The result showed a single glass transition temperature (Tg) for all St /PVA blends that was attributed to the good miscibility of the blends involved. It was found that (Tg) decrease with starch ratio increase. It was seen that (PVA) of (Tg=105 oC); The glass transition temperature which was decrease with starch ratio that was attributed to glass transition relaxation process due to micro-Brownian motion of the main chain back bond. The endothermic peak at 200 oC was attributed to melting point of (PVA). Thermal properties of PVA; and St /PVA blends at different concentration (30, 40, 50, and 60 %) were evaluated by thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA). The analyses were carried out from 20 to 600 oC at 10 oC)/min heating rate in air oxygen atmosphere. The weight loss stages depended on polymer system. The starch addition causing shifting in the second degradation temperature to the higher temperature; which result in overlapping between the two main degradation steps, these result was attributed to the St/ PVA blend compatibility. The mechanical properties results showed a decrease in ultimate strength with starch ratio increase. The ultimate strength of (PVA) was (47 MPa), whereas the ultimate strength of 60 %St/PVA was (11 MPa) and for 30 %St/PVA was the highest ultimate strength of blends involved (26 MPa). SiO2μPs (753.7 nm), and NPs (263.1 nm) were added at different concentrations (1.5, 2, and 2.5 %). 1.5% SiO2μPs, and NPs of the best ultimate strength (69 MPa), (86 MPa) respectively then it was decreased by SiO2μPs, and NPs increase. Optical microscope of the samples involved was investigated. It was concluded the prepared samples were suggested to be used as packaging materials for agriculture application and its ultimate strength could be controlled by SiO2μPs, and NPs addition.

Processing and characterization of titanium dioxide composites from vegetable oil resource

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (2-3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Aboobucker Sithique
Keyword(s):  
Glass Transition ◽  
Transition Temperature ◽  
Glass Transition Temperature ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Percent Level ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Renewable Resource ◽  
Diglycidyl Ether ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis

Abstract TiO2 filled bio-based composites were prepared from epoxidized soy bean oil and Diglycidyl ether of bisphenol-A, in which the nano TiO2 particles were dispersed using ultra sonication method. Composites prepared with 1, 3, 5 and 7 weight percent level (wt%) of TiO2 particles were characterized for their thermal properties such as glass transition temperature and degradation stability. Thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) showed that thermal stability of the composites increases up to 5 wt% addition of TiO2; thereafter it follows a decreasing trend, since the increased amount of nano sized particles makes it difficult for dispersion. The glass transition temperature of the composites was improved considerably. Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) further confirms the restricted chain mobility of the composites upon reinforcement. The significant improvements in mechanical properties such as tensile strength, tensile modulus, flexural strength, flexural modulus, and impact strength were achieved on reinforcement. The wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) studies show that the nanoparticles are exfoliated in the soy based epoxy matrix system. The morphological behavior of composites studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) reveals the compatibility between the matrix and nanoparticles. The results showed that adding nano sized TiO2 particles can improve the properties of thermal, mechanical, compatibility and water resistance of these renewable resource based epoxy matrices suitable for engineering applications.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Thermal Decomposition Kinetics of Epoxy Poly Glycidyl Nitrate as an Energetic Binder

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 461-468
Author(s):  
Masoud Mohamadi Vala ◽  
Yadollah Bayat ◽  
Mohammad Bayat
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Glass Transition ◽  
Transition Temperature ◽  
Glass Transition Temperature ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Heating Rates ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Initial Decomposition Temperature ◽  
Model Free

An energetic binder epoxy poly glycidyl nitrate (e-PGN) with a molecular weight of about 1244 gr/mol was synthesised via end modified poly glycidyl nitrate (PGN) is presented in the paper. This structure was characterised by the number of epoxy groups, infrared spectroscopy, and nuclear magnetic resonance. The thermal degradation behavior of e-PGN was studied by thermo gravimetric analysis (TG) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) under nitrogen atmosphere at different heating rates. The glass transition temperature (Tg) was measured to determine the compatibility of energetic plasticizer with the binder in the mixture of plasticizer/binder and compared with the results of e-PGN, and initial decomposition temperature in e-PGN was studied using the DSC method. The DSC results showed that the glass transition temperature of a mixture of 20 % Bu-NENA/e-PGN mixture (Tg = −56 °C) was lower than e-PGN (Tg = −37.78 °C) that shows the most compatible plasticizer is Bu-NENA. The activation energy of degradation e-PGN and e-PGN-20% Bu-NENA were calculated with DSC by the model-free methods and compared with the results of AKTS software in version 3.51(2013-07-10). The activation energy of exothermic decomposition of the e-PGN and e-PGN-20% Bu-NENA were calculated by the Kissinger, Flynn–Wall–Ozawa, Starink, and AAdvanced kinetics and technology solutions (Friedman) methods. Finally, the half-life prediction of the e-PGN and e-PGN-20% Bu-NENA were investigated.

scholarly journals Mechanical & Thermal Properties of Epoxy Based Hybrid Composites Reinforced with Jute/Sansevieria cylindrica Fibres

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 191-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ashok Kumar ◽  
G. Ramachandra Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Glass Transition ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Transition Temperature ◽  
Glass Transition Temperature ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Fibre Length ◽  
Decomposition Temperature ◽  
Weight Room ◽  
Tga And Dsc

Tensile properties are studied to assess the influence of fiber weight. Room temperature cured epoxy was impregnated with jute/Scin order to evaluate the performance of hybrid composites. Jute/Scfibers are taken in the 1:1 weight ratios to suspend on epoxy resin with different fiber lengths such as 1, 2, 3 and 4 cm. The variations of aforementioned properties on hybrid composites with different fiber lengths have been studied. Significant improvement in tensile strengths of the jute/Schybrid composites has been observed by the alkali treatments. Thermal properties such as TGA and DSC are studied to investigate the influence of change in fibre length on treated and untreated hybrid composites in which 4 °C rise in decomposition temperature, 3 °C rise for glass transition temperature respectively

scholarly journals Mechanical, Dielectric, and Thermal Attributes of Polyimides Stemmed Out of 4, 4’–Diaminodiphenyl Ether

Crystals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 173
Author(s):  
Panpan Zhang ◽  
Ke Zhang ◽  
Shuliang Dou ◽  
Jiupeng Zhao ◽  
Xiangqiao Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Constant ◽  
Glass Transition ◽  
Transition Temperature ◽  
Glass Transition Temperature ◽  
Dielectric Loss ◽  
Breakdown Strength ◽  
Electric Breakdown ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
The One ◽  
In Virtue Of

Several kinds of polyimide (PI) films stemmed out of 4, 4’–diaminodiphenyl ether, as well as various structurally various aromatic dianhydride, were prepared. The films’ mechanical, dielectric, and dynamic mechanical attributes were put under investigation. According the findings, the PI films’ performance is significantly different as a result of their diverse structure. PI’s dielectric constant and dielectric loss tangent of abides by the increasing order below: PMDA-PI>BTDA-PI>BPDA-PI. Moreover, the electric breakdown strength of BTDA-PI (478.90 kV/mm) presents a lot higher value compared to the one PMDA-PI (326.80 kV/mm) and BPDA-PI (357.07 kV/mm). In particular, BTDA-PI film possesses high electric breakdown strength about 478.90 kV/mm. In addition, PI’s glass transition temperature (Tg) are, respectively, 276 °C (BTDA-PI), and 290 °C (BPDA-PI), as well as 302 °C (PMDA-PI). Therefore, in virtue of their various structures and performances, practical applications of PI films can exert significant role in the electronics and microelectronics industries.

The Thermal Property of Soybean Protein–PVA Fibers

2010 ◽  
Vol 44-47 ◽  
pp. 3011-3015
Author(s):  
Qing Bin Yang ◽  
Yi Xin Liu ◽  
Lin Tian ◽  
Yu Kun Dou
Keyword(s):  
Glass Transition ◽  
Transition Temperature ◽  
Glass Transition Temperature ◽  
Thermal Property ◽  
Soybean Protein ◽  
Decomposition Temperature ◽  
Shrinkage Rate ◽  
Dry Air ◽  
End Use ◽  
Pva Fiber

In order to analysis the processing and serviceability of soybean protein-PVA fibers, the thermal property is studied by TG and DSC and other methods. The result is compared with that of the wool. The glass transition temperature of soybean protein-PVA fiber is 81°C.The decomposition temperature is 313°C.The heat dry air shrinkage rate is 2.3%. The heat endurance meets with the demand of processing and end use.

Preparation and Properties of Modified Boron Nitride/Epoxy Resin Thermal Conductive Composites

2020 ◽  
Vol 1003 ◽  
pp. 173-178
Author(s):  
Chen Liu ◽  
Hao Ran Zhou ◽  
Zhen Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Glass Transition ◽  
Transition Temperature ◽  
Glass Transition Temperature ◽  
Boron Nitride ◽  
Epoxy Composite ◽  
Conductive Filler ◽  
Decomposition Temperature ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

Boron nitride (BN) was modified by silane coupling agent (KH560) and used as heat conductive filler to prepare the modified BN (BN560)/epoxy composite. The effect of the BN560 filler content on the thermal conductivity and thermal stability of the epoxy composite was studied. The results show that BN560 can be uniformly dispersed in the epoxy matrix by an ultrasonic disperser. The BN560 added can effectively improve the thermal conductivity of the epoxy composite. With the increase of BN560 content to 20 wt.%, the thermal conductivity of the composite increases accordingly to 0.27 W/(m·K), 50% higher than that of pure epoxy, and a heat conductive network is formed. The BN560 added can improve the thermal stability of the composite. With increasing BN560 content, the thermal decomposition temperature and glass transition temperature of the composite increase. The composite with the BN560 content of 20 wt.% has the weight loss of 10 wt.% at 395.12 °C and the glass transition temperature of 144.59 °C.

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