scholarly journals Techno-Economic Analysis of Bio-Based Lactic Acid Production Utilizing Corn Grain as Feedstock

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashish Manandhar ◽  
Ajay Shah
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Acid Production ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Lactic Acid Production ◽  
Chemical Equipment ◽  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Conversion Rates ◽  
Corn Grain

Lactic acid is an important chemical with numerous commercial applications that can be fermentatively produced from biological feedstocks. Producing lactic acid from corn grain could complement the use of already existing infrastructure for corn grain-based ethanol production with a higher value product. The objective of this study was to evaluate the techno-economic feasibility of producing 100,000 metric tons (t) of lactic acid annually from corn grain in a biorefinery. The study estimated the resources (equipment, raw materials, energy, and labor) requirements and costs to produce lactic acid from bacteria, fungi and yeast-based fermentation pathways. Lactic acid production costs were $1181, $1251 and $844, for bacteria, fungi and yeast, respectively. Genetically engineered yeast strains capable of producing lactic acid at low pH support significantly cheaper processes because they do not require simultaneous neutralization and recovery of lactic acid, resulting in lower requirements for chemical, equipment, and utilities. Lactic acid production costs were highly sensitive to sugar-to-lactic-acid conversion rates, grain price, plant size, annual operation hours, and potential use of gypsum. Improvements in process efficiencies and lower equipment and chemical costs would further reduce the cost of lactic acid production from corn grain.

scholarly journals New trends and challenges in lactic acid production on renewable biomass

2011 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 411-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Djukic-Vukovic ◽  
Ljiljana Mojovic ◽  
Dusanka Pejin ◽  
Maja Vukasinovic-Sekulic ◽  
Marica Rakin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Acid Production ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Lactic Acid Production ◽  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Renewable Biomass ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
By Products

Lactic acid is a relatively cheap chemical with a wide range of applications: as a preservative and acidifying agent in food and dairy industry, a monomer for biodegradable poly-lactide polymers (PLA) in pharmaceutical industry, precursor and chemical feedstock for chemical, textile and leather industries. Traditional raw materials for fermentative production of lactic acid, refined sugars, are now being replaced with starch from corn, rice and other crops for industrial production, with a tendency for utilization of agro industrial wastes. Processes based on renewable waste sources have ecological (zero CO2 emission, eco-friendly by-products) and economical (cheap raw materials, reduction of storage costs) advantages. An intensive research interest has been recently devoted to develop and improve the lactic acid production on more complex industrial by-products, like thin stillage from bioethanol production, corncobs, paper waste, straw etc. Complex and variable chemical composition and purity of these raw materials and high nutritional requirements of Lare the main obstacles in these production processes. Media supplementation to improve the fermentation is an important factor, especially from an economic point of view. Today, a particular challenge is to increase the productivity of lactic acid production on complex renewable biomass. Several strategies are currently being explored for this purpose such as process integration, use of Lwith amylolytic activity, employment of mixed cultures of Land/or utilization of genetically engineered microorganisms. Modern techniques of genetic engineering enable construction of microorganisms with desired characteristics and implementation of single step processes without or with minimal pre-treatment. In addition, new bioreactor constructions (such as membrane bioreactors), utilization of immobilized systems are also being explored. Electrodialysis, bipolar membrane separation process, enhanced filtration techniques etc. can provide some progress in purification technologies, although it is still remaining the most expensive phase in the lactic acid production. A new approach of parallel production of lactic bacteria biomass with probiotic activity and lactic acid could provide additional benefit and profit rise in the production process.

Lactic acid production from agricultural resources as cheap raw materials

2005 ◽  
Vol 96 (13) ◽  
pp. 1492-1498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hurok Oh ◽  
Young-Jung Wee ◽  
Jong-Sun Yun ◽  
Seung Ho Han ◽  
Sangwon Jung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Acid Production ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Lactic Acid Production ◽  
Agricultural Resources

D-Lactic Acid Production from Xylose in Engineered Escherichia coli SZ470

2013 ◽  
Vol 641-642 ◽  
pp. 721-724
Author(s):  
Zhao Min Zheng ◽  
Tian Tian ◽  
Jin Hua Wang ◽  
Yong Ze Wang ◽  
Sheng De Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Acid Production ◽  
Shake Flask ◽  
Lactic Acid Production ◽  
Lactate Production ◽  
Pyruvate Decarboxylase ◽  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
Acetate Production ◽  
A Minor

WD100, knocked out adhE of Escherichia coli SZ470 and inserted ldhA into Escherichia coli WD01, was genetically engineered to utilize xylose. D-lactate production was investigated for shake flask cultures with xylose. In 64h WD100 produce 10.1g/L D-lactate in the shaking flask And it consumed 25g/L xylose during the ending of fermentation.This volumetric productivity with xylose is 0.14 g·L-1·h-1.Because of pyruvate decarboxylase (poxB) expressed in flask fermention,acetate production was up to 4.7g/L.Succinate,formate,ethanol was also produced as a minor product during fermentation.

scholarly journals Multi-product biorefinery from Arthrospira platensis biomass as feedstock for bioethanol and lactic acid production

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego A. Esquivel-Hernández ◽  
Anna Pennacchio ◽  
Mario A. Torres-Acosta ◽  
Roberto Parra-Saldívar ◽  
Luciana Porto de Souza Vandenberghe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Acid Production ◽  
Production Cost ◽  
Lactic Acid Production ◽  
Arthrospira Platensis ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Bioactive Metabolites ◽  
Fermentation Time ◽  
Product Titer ◽  
The Impact

AbstractWith the aim to reach the maximum recovery of bulk and specialty bioproducts while minimizing waste generation, a multi-product biorefinery for ethanol and lactic acid production from the biomass of cyanobacterium Arthrospira platensis was investigated. Therefore, the residual biomass resulting from different pretreatments consisting of supercritical fluid extraction (SF) and microwave assisted extraction with non-polar (MN) and polar solvents (MP), previously applied on A. platensis to extract bioactive metabolites, was further valorized. In particular, it was used as a substrate for fermentation with Saccharomyces cerevisiae LPB-287 and Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC 43121 to produce bioethanol (BE) and lactic acid (LA), respectively. The maximum concentrations achieved were 3.02 ± 0.07 g/L of BE by the MN process at 120 rpm 30 °C, and 9.67 ± 0.05 g/L of LA by the SF process at 120 rpm 37 °C. An economic analysis of BE and LA production was carried out to elucidate the impact of fermentation scale, fermenter costs, production titer, fermentation time and cyanobacterial biomass production cost. The results indicated that the critical variables are fermenter scale, equipment cost, and product titer; time process was analyzed but was not critical. As scale increased, costs tended to stabilize, but also more product was generated, which causes production costs per unit of product to sharply decrease. The median value of production cost was US$ 1.27 and US$ 0.39, for BE and LA, respectively, supporting the concept of cyanobacterium biomass being used for fermentation and subsequent extraction to obtain ethanol and lactic acid as end products from A. platensis.

Utilization of brewing and malting by-products as carrier and raw materials in l-(+)-lactic acid production and feed application

2019 ◽  
Vol 103 (7) ◽  
pp. 3001-3013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miloš Radosavljević ◽  
Jelena Pejin ◽  
Milana Pribić ◽  
Sunčica Kocić-Tanackov ◽  
Ranko Romanić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Acid Production ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Lactic Acid Production ◽  
By Products

scholarly journals l-Lactic Acid Production Using Engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae with Improved Organic Acid Tolerance

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 928
Author(s):  
Byeong-Kwan Jang ◽  
Yebin Ju ◽  
Deokyeol Jeong ◽  
Sung-Keun Jung ◽  
Chang-Kil Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Acid Production ◽  
Lactic Acid Production ◽  
Acid Tolerance ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Adaptive Laboratory Evolution ◽  
Engineered Saccharomyces Cerevisiae

Lactic acid is mainly used to produce bio-based, bio-degradable polylactic acid. For industrial production of lactic acid, engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae can be used. To avoid cellular toxicity caused by lactic acid accumulation, pH-neutralizing agents are used, leading to increased production costs. In this study, lactic acid-producing S. cerevisiae BK01 was developed with improved lactic acid tolerance through adaptive laboratory evolution (ALE) on 8% lactic acid. The genetic basis of BK01 could not be determined, suggesting complex mechanisms associated with lactic acid tolerance. However, BK01 had distinctive metabolomic traits clearly separated from the parental strain, and lactic acid production was improved by 17% (from 102 g/L to 119 g/L). To the best of our knowledge, this is the highest lactic acid titer produced by engineered S. cerevisiae without the use of pH neutralizers. Moreover, cellulosic lactic acid production by BK01 was demonstrated using acetate-rich buckwheat husk hydrolysates. Particularly, BK01 revealed improved tolerance against acetic acid of the hydrolysates, a major fermentation inhibitor of lignocellulosic biomass. In short, ALE with a high concentration of lactic acid improved lactic acid production as well as acetic acid tolerance of BK01, suggesting a potential for economically viable cellulosic lactic acid production.

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