scholarly journals A Novel Rotary Dryer Filled with Alumina Ceramic Beads for the Treatment of Industrial Wastewaters: Numerical Simulation and Experimental Study

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 862
Author(s):  
Lixin Xie ◽  
Lingling Yang ◽  
Libo Su ◽  
Shichang Xu ◽  
Wen Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Landfill Leachate ◽  
Rotational Speed ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Alumina Ceramic ◽  
High Salt ◽  
Filling Degree ◽  
Operational Conditions ◽  
Industrial Wastewaters ◽  
Rotary Dryer ◽  
New Type

In this study, a new type of rotary dryer filled with inert alumina ceramic bead (ACB) fillers was introduced to treat the industrial wastewater, e.g., the high-salt wastewater and landfill leachate. Numerical simulations based on the Discrete Element Method (DEM) on the motion trajectory of ACB fillers in the rotary dryer were conducted, and the parameters of flight structure, rotational speed, and filling degree on the dynamic behavior of ACB fillers were optimized. Under various rotational speeds and filling degrees, the experimental results fit the numerical-simulated results very well. The optimized flight configuration was the straight flights with a length of 65 mm, and the optimized rotational speed and filling degree were 35 rpm and 15%, respectively. Under the optimized condition, both the response variables, the mass of particles in the airborne phase (MAP) and the percentage of occupied area in the airborne region (OAR), have the optimal values, in which the dryer will have a better drying performance. Besides, the lower-right area of the drum is empty which is convenient for the installation of the inlet pipe. The drying experiments of industrial wastewaters were also studied using this ACB filled rotary drum dryer under the optimized conditions. Under the optimal operational conditions, the evaporation capacities of the high-salt wastewater and landfill leachate could reach as high as 49.7 kg/h and 90 kg/h, respectively. This study highlights the integration of evaporation and drying processes of this novel ACB filled rotary dryer and provides an efficient and zero-liquid-emission strategy for the thermal treatment of industrial wastewater.

Management and Status of Japanese Public Waters

1991 ◽  
Vol 23 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeshi Goda
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Quality Standards ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Industrial Wastewaters ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Japanese Rivers ◽  
Per Capita

The management and status of public water bodies in Japan is discussed. The environmental quality standards which have been set and the levels of compliance with these standards are shown. The water quality of Japanese rivers, lakes, reservoirs, wetlands and coastal waters is described, and eutrophication problems are mentioned. The effects of changes in population density and levels of recycling of industrial wastewaters on the quality of water bodies are discussed. Almost 75% of industrial wastewater is now recycled. Per capita availability of freshwater in Japan is comparatively low, and the construction of 530 dams, in addition to the 2393 dams already in operation, is planned. Irrigation effluents from paddy fields are a major factor which influences river water quality in Japan. The improvement of water quality using various methods is discussed.

CAD AND CAE TECHNOLOGIES OF A NOVEL PLANE SIX-BAR SWAYING MACHINE

2008 ◽  
Vol 07 (01) ◽  
pp. 65-67
Author(s):  
CHANGPING ZOU ◽  
LI DU ◽  
XIANDE HUANG
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Kinetic Analysis ◽  
Rotational Speed ◽  
Preliminary Analysis ◽  
Unit Weight ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Parameterized Modeling ◽  
New Type ◽  
Working Principle ◽  
Key Dimensions

A new type of six-bar swaying machine was put forward, which is an ingenious combination of plane multi-bar mechanism and high pressure oil cylinder. Preliminary analysis shows that this machine has many advantages, such as the torque produced by its unit weight, its small size, its light deadweight, etc. Thus it can be applied to situations that need swaying mechanism with low rotational speed and great torque. Firstly, the mechanism composition and working principle of the swaying machine were introduced. Secondly, parameterized modeling of the mechanism was carried out by utilizing software ADAMS. Then kinematic analysis and kinetic analysis were completed by using ADAMS. Finally, key dimensions were adjusted according to kinetic analysis. These tasks are believed to be beneficial to the development of the novel transmission.

scholarly journals Ozonation Pretreatment for Reduction of Landfill Leachate Fouling on Membranes: A Response Surface Methodology Analysis

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 506
Author(s):  
Everton Gripa ◽  
Alyne M. Costa ◽  
Juacyara C. Campos ◽  
Fabiana V. da Fonseca
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Landfill Leachate ◽  
Operational Conditions ◽  
Toxicity Factor ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Modified Fouling Index

Batch ozonation was performed to assess its efficacy as a pretreatment for reverse osmosis (RO) membranes for treating leachate with high concentrations of recalcitrant organic compounds. Leachate samples from two different landfills were collected and characterized. The modified fouling index (MFI) was used to estimate the fouling potential of raw and ozonized leachates. A response surface experimental design was applied to optimize operational pH and ozone dose. The results demonstrate that the best operational conditions are 1.5 g/L of O3 at pH 12.0 and 1.5 g/L of O3 at pH 9.0 for Landfills 1 and 2, which reduce MFI by 96.22% and 94.08%, respectively. Additionally, they show toxicity factor decays of 98.44% for Landfill 1 and 93.75% for Landfill 2. These results, along with the similar behavior shown by leachate samples from distinct landfills, suggest that ozonation is a promising technology to fit this kind of wastewater into the requirements of RO membranes, enabling their use in such treatment.

Applicability of Pump Models for Varying Operational Conditions

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heikki O. J. Kauranne ◽  
Jyrki T. Kajaste ◽  
Asko U. Ellman ◽  
Matti T. Pietola
Keyword(s):  
Rotational Speed ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Fluid Temperature ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Operational Conditions ◽  
Axial Piston Pumps ◽  
Pump Construction ◽  
Temperature And Pressure ◽  
Axial Piston ◽  
Type Pressure

It is commonly known that the characteristics of a fluid power pump depend on pump type, pressure, rotational speed and displacement. But in addition to these, also all the other parameters or factors associated with the operating conditions may have a significant effect on the characteristics. The most important of these are the pump construction and size, operating point temperature and the characteristics of the oil, which also depend on temperature and pressure. The aim of this study is to show the effects that the varying operational conditions have on the characteristics of a axial piston pump, to compare the measured characteristics with other published characteristics of axial piston pumps and to study the capability of pump models to represent these characteristics. The results include information of the effects of fluid temperature, type of fluid and the setting value of the displacement on the pump characteristics along with the effects of pressure and rotational speed. The sensitivity of the pump to each of the parameters is discussed. The effect of limited information of pump characteristics on the reliability of simulation results is studied using the Schlo¨sser models.

Anaerobic-Aerobic Treatment of Industrial Wastewater

1988 ◽  
Vol 20 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 189-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Bode
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Work ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Sugar Industry ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
The Other ◽  
Aerobic Treatment ◽  
Industrial Wastewaters ◽  
Pulp Industry ◽  
Aerobic Process

The paper evaluates the question of whether a combined anaerobic-aerobic or a solely aerobic treatment of some particular industrial wastewaters leads to better results. Therefore three different industrial wastewaters were treated in two different process lines: one line consisted of anaerobic treatment prior to aerobic treatment and in the other, only aerobic treatment was applied. The experiments were run with wastewater from:–the pectin industry–the sugar industry (beet sugar)–the animal pulp industry. The data presented in this paper were gained from experimental work which was conducted over a period of two years. Different scales of treatment plants were used. The anaerobic treatment was done in full- and semitechnical scale reactors, while the aerobic treatment took place in labscale and semitechnical scale plants. Surprisingly in all three cases the solely aerobic treatment led to slightly better results in terms of residual pollution. Finally the paper presents data gained from a recently built, full-scale anaerobic-aerobic process which treats pectin waste. The aerobic stage of the process was designed on the basis of the results from the experimental work which was mentioned above. The results from the former experimental work and from the full-scale operation are compared.

The Performance of Microelectrolysis in Improving the Biodegradability Landfill Leachate

2013 ◽  
Vol 448-453 ◽  
pp. 1399-1402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling Zhao ◽  
Xiao Gu Cheng ◽  
Ping He Yin ◽  
Gang Lu ◽  
Jun Chang Suo
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Landfill Leachate ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Activated Sludge Process ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Operational Conditions ◽  
A Value ◽  
Mature Landfill Leachate

The aim of this study was to check the effectiveness of microelectrolysis for the pretreatment of a municipal landfill leachate with the objective improving its overall biodegradability, evaluated in terms of BOD5/COD ratio, up to a value compatible with biological treatment. The best microelectrolysis operational conditions for achieving the desired COD values were: pH=2.0; granular activated carbon (GAC) =10 g/L; mass ratio of zero iron (Fe0)/GAC=2:1; reaction time=90 min. The BOD5/COD was significantly improved from 0.12 to 0.31, which allowed an almost 85% removal of COD by a sequential activated sludge process. The results show that the microelectrolysis is a promising technology to improve the biodegradability of mature landfill leachate.

Analysis of the Various Effects of Coating W Tips with Dielectric Epoxylite 478 Resin or UPR-4 Resin Coatings under Similar Operational Conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-199
Keyword(s):  
Epoxy Resins ◽  
Dielectric Material ◽  
Electrochemical Etching ◽  
Dielectric Thin Films ◽  
Operational Conditions ◽  
Critical Comparison ◽  
Composite Systems ◽  
Current Voltage ◽  
Before And After ◽  
New Type

Abstract: The objective of this work is to study the differences that occur in behavior and properties of the emitted electron beam from tungsten (W) tips before and after coating these tips with a thin layer of a good proven dielectric material. Core metallic tips have been prepared from a polycrystalline (99.995% purity) tungsten (W) wire. Analysis has been carried out for clean W emitters before and after coating these tips with two differences types of epoxy resins; namely: (Epoxylite 478 and UPR-4). For critical comparison and analysis, several tungsten tips with various apex- radii (very sharp) have been prepared with the use of electrochemical etching techniques. The tips have been coated by dielectric thin films of various thicknesses. Their characteristics have been recorded before and after the process of coating. These measurements have included the current-voltage (I-V) characteristics, Fowler-Nordheim (F-N) plots, visible light microscope (VLM) image and scanning electron microscope (SEM) micrographs to measure the influence of the Epoxylite resin coating’s thickness on the tips after coating. Special distributions have been recorded from the phosphorescent screen of a field electron emission microscope as well. Comparing the two sets of composite systems tested under similar conditions has provided several advantages. Recording highly interesting phenomena has produced a wide opportunity to develop a new type of emitter that includes the most beneficial features of both types. Keywords: Cold field emission, Epoxylite 478, Epoxylite UPR-4.

Ammonium removal in landfill leachate using SBR technology: dispersed versus attached biomass

2017 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Sivic ◽  
N. Atanasova ◽  
S. Puig ◽  
T. Griessler Bulc
Keyword(s):  
Landfill Leachate ◽  
Sequencing Batch Reactor ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Operational Conditions ◽  
Ammonium Removal ◽  
N Removal ◽  
Attached Biomass ◽  
Pre Treatment

Abstract Large concentrations and oscillations of ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N) in municipal landfill leachate pose considerable constraints to its further treatment in central wastewater treatment plants. The aim of this study was to evaluate and optimize two technologies for the pre-treatment of 600 L/day of landfill leachate: in particular, to optimize their operational conditions for NH4+-N removal up to a level appropriate for discharge to sewers, i.e. <200 mg/L. Both technologies were based on a sequencing batch reactor (SBR), with two different biomass processes: (A) SBR with dispersed/flocculated biomass and (B) SBR with biomass attached to carriers. The results revealed that both technologies successfully reduced the NH4+-N from 666 mg/L (on average) at the inflow to below 10 mg/L at the outflow with alkalinity adjustment in a 12-hour cycle. Both technologies achieved 96% removal efficiencies for NH4+-N. However, SBR with dispersed biomass showed higher flexibility under varying conditions due to the shorter adaptation time of the biomass.

Modeling and Energetic Analysis of Soybean Meal Drying in the Indirect Rotary Dryer

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianini R. Luz ◽  
Paulo R. Paraíso ◽  
Luiz M. M. Jorge ◽  
Cid M. G. Andrade
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Initial Temperature ◽  
Empirical Equations ◽  
Operational Conditions ◽  
High Consumption ◽  
Rotary Dryer ◽  
Energetic Analysis ◽  
Energetic Performance ◽  
Operational Data

The process of soybean meal industrial drying requires a high consumption of energy, and it is usually performed in an indirect rotary dryer. A study aiming for the reduction of this energy consumption is vital for the competitiveness of this product. Thus, the purpose of this work was to develop a mathematical model of soybean meal drying, in permanent regime, in order to assess the optimal operational conditions of the dryer and its energetic performance. The developed model is based on balances of mass and energy, and using constitutive and empirical equations. The model validation was carried out through operational data. From this, the influences of the initial temperature, initial moisture, and relative humidity of air, as well as the dryer energetic performance, were investigated.

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