scholarly journals Insights into Equilibrium and Adsorption Rate of Phenol on Activated Carbon Pellets Derived from Cigarette Butts

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 934
Author(s):  
Nahum A. Medellín-Castillo ◽  
Raúl Ocampo-Pérez ◽  
Angélica Forgionny ◽  
Gladis J. Labrada-Delgado ◽  
Ana I. Zárate-Guzmán ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Effective Diffusion ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Molecular Size ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Leaching Tests ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Microporous Material ◽  
Cigarette Butts ◽  
Carbon Pellets

In the present work, the preparation of activated carbon pellets from cigarette butts by thermal treatment was evaluated. The morphological, textural, topological, and surface chemical properties were studied by SEM-EDX, N2 adsorption, Raman, and FTIR spectroscopy. For adsorption assays, activated carbon was tested for the adsorption of phenol as a model molecule at different solution pH, temperature, and type of water. In addition, leaching tests before and after carbonization were conducted to evaluate the lixiviation of ions present in the solid. The results revealed a microporous material, composed of cylindrical fibers (thickness of 13 µm) with a microporous area of 713 m2/g and narrow and uniform slit-shaped pores (0.4–0.8 nm). The surface chemistry analysis evidenced the presence of oxygenated groups (carboxylic, esters, and phenolics). Activated carbon leaching tests indicated that the concentrations of the leached ions did not exceed the maximum permissible limit for drinking water. Phenol adsorption revealed an exothermic process with a maximum adsorption capacity of 272 mg/g at 10 °C. Finally, it was confirmed that phenol diffusion was drastically affected by hindered phenomena due to the similarity in the molecular size of phenol and the average size of micropores, and as a result an effective diffusion coefficient between 6.10 × 10−0 and 5.50 × 10−12 cm2/s and a maximum tortuosity value of 3.3 were obtained.

scholarly journals Removal of phenol from aqueous solution by Mahua seed activated carbon: Kinetic, isotherm, mass transfer and isosteric heat of adsorption studies

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-273
Author(s):  
Yadav Singh ◽  
Mishra Kumar ◽  
Arvind Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Effective Diffusion ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Isosteric Heat ◽  
Sorption Process ◽  
Heat Of Adsorption ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Homogeneous Surface ◽  
Isosteric Heat Of Adsorption

Mahua (Madhuca longifolia) seed activated carbon (MSAC) has been developed as an effective adsorbent for the removal of phenol from contaminated wastewaters. Prepared MSAC was characterized for various physico-chemical properties, Fourier transform infra- red (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. Laboratory batch experiments were performed to investigate the effect of MSAC dosage (w), pH, contact time (t), and initial phenol concentrations (Co) on sorption efficiency at optimal conditions. The maximum adsorption capacity of phenol was obtained at pH=6, t=5 h and MSAC dosage=1.2 g/l. The kinetics data of phenol adsorption was very well described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The equilibrium adsorption data were best fitted to the Langmuir isotherm. The average effective diffusion coefficient 6.4?10-13 m2/s was calculated from the experimental data. Thermodynamic studies confirmed the sorption process to be spontaneous and exothermic. The isosteric heat of adsorption of phenol was found to increase with an increase in the surface loading indicating that MSAC have more homogeneous surface.

scholarly journals Dysprosium Removal from Water Using Active Carbons Obtained from Spent Coffee Ground

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorena Alcaraz ◽  
María Esther Escudero ◽  
Francisco J. Alguacil ◽  
Irene Llorente ◽  
Ana Urbieta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Chemical Study ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Microporous Material ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Spent Coffee Ground ◽  
Coffee Ground

This paper describes the physico-chemical study of the adsorption of dysprosium (Dy3+) in aqueous solution onto two types of activated carbons synthesized from spent coffee ground. KOH activated carbon is a microporous material with a specific BET surface area of 2330 m2·g-1 and pores with a diameter of 3.2 nm. Carbon activated with water vapor and N2 is a solid mesoporous, with pores of 5.7 nm in diameter and a specific surface of 982 m2·g-1. A significant dependence of the adsorption capacity on the solution pH was found, while it does not depend significantly neither on the dysprosium concentration nor on the temperature. A maximum adsorption capacity of 31.26 mg·g-1 and 33.52 mg·g-1 for the chemically and physically activated carbons, respectively, were found. In both cases, the results obtained from adsorption isotherms and kinetic study were better fit to a Langmuir model and a pseudo-second-order kinetics. In addition, thermodynamic results indicate that dysprosium adsorption onto both activated carbons is an exothermic, spontaneous and favorable process.

Application of Carbonaceous Materials to Phenol Removal from Aqueous Solution by Adsorption

2012 ◽  
Vol 164 ◽  
pp. 297-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Fang Dong ◽  
Li Hua Zang ◽  
Qing Chao Gong ◽  
Cun Cun Chen ◽  
Cai Hong Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Petroleum Coke ◽  
Granular Activated Carbon ◽  
Powdered Activated Carbon ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Phenol Removal ◽  
Carbonaceous Materials ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Equilibrium Studies

Low cost carbonaceous materials were evaluated for their ability to remove phenol from wastewater. The effects of adsorbents dosage, contact time and maximum adsorption capacity were investigated for granular activated carbon, powdered activated carbon, petroleum coke and multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWNT). Equilibrium studies were conducted in 50mg/L initial phenol concentration, solution pH of 5 and at temperature of 23°C. The results showed the adsorption process was fast and it reached equilibrium in 3 h. Petroleum coke and MWNT had poor adsorption which could reach the removal efficiency of phenol with 43.18% and 36.64% respectively. The granular activated carbon possessed good adsorption ability to phenol with 96.40% at the optimum dosage 5g and optimum time 90min.The powdered activated carbon was an effective adsorbent with a maximum adsorption capacity of 42.32 mg/g.

scholarly journals New Activated Carbon from Mine Coal for Adsorption of Dye in Simulated Water or Multiple Heavy Metals in Real Wastewater

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 2498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marwa Elkady ◽  
Hassan Shokry ◽  
Hesham Hamad
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Nitric Acid ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Dye Adsorption ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Multiple Heavy Metals

Nano-activated carbon (NAC) prepared from El-Maghara mine coal were modified with nitric acid solution. Their physico-chemical properties were investigated in terms of methylene blue (MB) adsorption, FTIR, and metal adsorption. Upon oxidation of the ACS with nitric acid, surface oxide groups were observed in the FTIR spectra by absorption peaks at 1750–1250 cm−1. The optimum processes parameters include HNO3/AC ratio (wt./wt.) of 20, oxidation time of 2 h, and the concentration of HNO3 of 10% reaching the maximum adsorption capacity of MB dye. Also, the prepared NAC was characterized by SEM, EDX, TEM, Raman Spectroscopy, and BET analyses. The batch adsorption of MB dye from solution was used for monitoring the behavior of the most proper produced NAC. Equilibrium isotherms of MB dye adsorption on NAC materials were acquired and the results discussed in relation to their surface chemistry. Langmuir model recorded the best interpretation of the dye adsorption data. Also, NAC was evaluated for simultaneous adsorption of six different metal ions (Fe2+, Ni2+, Mn2+, Pb2+, Cu2+, and Zn2+) that represented contaminates in petrochemical industrial wastewater. The results indicated that the extracted NAC from El-Maghara mine coal is considered as an efficient low-cost adsorbent material for remediation in both basic dyes and metal ions from the polluted solutions.

scholarly journals Dysprosium Removal from Water Using Active Carbons Obtained from Spent Coffee Ground

Nanomaterials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorena Alcaraz ◽  
María Esther Escudero ◽  
Francisco José Alguacil ◽  
Irene Llorente ◽  
Ana Urbieta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Potassium Hydroxide ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Microporous Material ◽  
Spent Coffee Ground ◽  
Coffee Ground ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

This paper describes the physicochemical study of the adsorption of dysprosium (Dy3+) in aqueous solution onto two types of activated carbons synthesized from spent coffee ground. Potassium hydroxide (KOH)-activated carbon is a microporous material with a specific Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area of 2330 m2·g−1 and pores with a diameter of 3.2 nm. Carbon activated with water vapor and N2 is a solid mesoporous, with pores of 5.7 nm in diameter and a specific surface of 982 m2·g−1. A significant dependence of the adsorption capacity on the solution pH was found, but it does not significantly depend on the dysprosium concentration nor on the temperature. A maximum adsorption capacity of 31.26 mg·g−1 and 33.52 mg·g−1 for the chemically and physically activated carbons, respectively, were found. In both cases, the results obtained from adsorption isotherms and kinetic study were better a fit to the Langmuir model and pseudo-second-order kinetics. In addition, thermodynamic results indicate that dysprosium adsorption onto both activated carbons is an exothermic, spontaneous, and favorable process.

scholarly journals Adsorption of Selected Pharmaceutical Compounds onto Activated Carbon in Dilute Aqueous Solutions Exemplified by Acetaminophen, Diclofenac, and Sulfamethoxazole

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.-E. Chang ◽  
Jan-Chi Wan ◽  
Hyunook Kim ◽  
Chung-Huei Liang ◽  
Yung-Dun Dai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Effective Diffusion ◽  
Molecular Size ◽  
Adsorption Affinity ◽  
Water Partition Coefficient ◽  
Component Systems ◽  
Dilute Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Multiple Component ◽  
The One ◽  
Selection Of

The adsorption of three pharmaceuticals, namely, acetaminophen, diclofenac, and sulfamethoxazole onto granular activated carbon (GAC), was investigated. To study competitive adsorption, both dynamic and steady-state adsorption experiments were conducted by careful selection of pharmaceuticals with various affinities and molecular size. The effective diffusion coefficient of the adsorbate was increased with decease in particle size of GAC. The adsorption affinity represented as Langmuir was consistent with the ranking of the octanol-water partition coefficient,Kow. The adsorption behavior in binary or tertiary systems could be described by competition adsorption. In the binary system adsorption replacement occurred, under which the adsorbate with the smallerKowwas replaced by the one with largerKow. Results also indicated that portion of the micropores could be occupied only by the small target compound, but not the larger adsorbates. In multiple-component systems the competition adsorption might significantly be affected by the macropores and less by the meso- or micropores.

Adsorption of cadmium(II) from aqueous solution onto activated carbon

1997 ◽  
Vol 35 (7) ◽  
pp. 205-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Leyva-Ramos ◽  
J. R. Rangel-Mendez ◽  
J. Mendoza-Barron ◽  
L. Fuentes-Rubio ◽  
R. M. Guerrero-Coronado
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Adsorption Isotherm ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Carbon Surface ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Average Percent Deviation ◽  
Initial Ph

The adsorption isotherm of cadmium on activated carbon was measured in a batch adsorber. Effects of temperature and solution pH on the adsorption isotherm were investigated by determining the adsorption isotherm at temperatures of 10, 25, and 40°C and at initial pH values from 2 to 8. Langmuir isotherm better fitted the experimental data since the average percent deviation was lower than with the Freundlich isotherm It was noticed that the amount of Cd2+ adsorbed was reduced about 3 times by increasing the temperature from 10 to 40°C. It was found that Cd2+ was not adsorbed on activated carbon at pH of 2 or lower and that Cd2+ was precipitated out as Cd(OH)2 at pH values above 9. Maximum adsorption capacity was observed at pH of 8 and the adsorption capacity was decreased about 12 times by reducing the initial pH from 8 to 3. According to the cadmium speciation diagram the predominant species below pH of 8 is Cd2+. Thus, cadmium was adsorbed on the activated carbon surface as Cd2+. It was concluded that the adsorption capacity is a strong function of pH and temperature.

scholarly journals Core-Shell Structured Magnetic Carboxymethyl Cellulose-Based Hydrogel Nanosorbents for Effective Adsorption of Methylene Blue from Aqueous Solution

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 3054
Author(s):  
Yiming Zhou ◽  
Te Li ◽  
Juanli Shen ◽  
Yu Meng ◽  
Shuhua Tong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Carboxymethyl Cellulose ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Polymer Nanocomposite ◽  
Core Shell ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Solution Ph

This article reports effective removal of methylene blue (MB) dyes from aqueous solutions using a novel magnetic polymer nanocomposite. The core-shell structured nanosorbents was fabricated via coating Fe3O4 nanoparticles with a layer of hydrogel material, that synthesized by carboxymethyl cellulose cross-linked with poly(acrylic acid-co-acrylamide). Some physico-chemical properties of the nanosorbents were characterized by various testing methods. The nanosorbent could be easily separated from aqueous solutions by an external magnetic field and the mass fraction of outer hydrogel shell was 20.3 wt%. The adsorption performance was investigated as the effects of solution pH, adsorbent content, initial dye concentration, and contact time. The maximum adsorption capacity was obtained at neutral pH of 7 with a sorbent dose of 1.5 g L−1. The experimental data of MB adsorption were fit to Langmuir isotherm model and Pseudo-second-order kinetic model with maximum adsorption of 34.3 mg g−1. XPS technique was applied to study the mechanism of adsorption, electrostatic attraction and physically adsorption may control the adsorption behavior of the composite nanosorbents. In addition, a good reusability of 83.5% MB recovering with adsorption capacity decreasing by 16.5% over five cycles of sorption/desorption was observed.

scholarly journals Adsorption of methylene blue onto activated carbon prepared from Lupinus Albus

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Safiye Bağcı ◽  
Ayhan Ceyhan
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Lupinus Albus ◽  
Total Pore Volume ◽  
Nitrogen Adsorption ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Solution Ph

The adsorption of methylene blue (MB) from synthetic aqueous solutions in batch experiments using Lupinus Albus-activated carbon (LAAC) by chemical activation with zinc chloride was investigated. Prior to adsorption experiments, surface/physical properties of LAAC were determined using Scanning Electron Microscopy, Fourier transform infrared Spectroscopy and nitrogen adsorption isotherm. In the adsorption experiments, effects of adsorption time, solution pH, MB concentration and amount of LAAC were investigated. The isotherm and kinetic parameters were used to describe the experimental data. The BET surface area was 1254 m2/g while its total pore volume was found to be 0.484 cm3/g. Maximum adsorption capacity occurred at solution pH value 10 and was recorded as 109.89 mg/g. Adsorption data were modeled using Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin adsorption isotherms. Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order models fit to the process and reaction kinetics correspondingly.

MgO Functionalized Magnetic Activated Carbon Material for Efficient Removal of Malachite Green from Aqueous Solutions

NANO ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 2150054
Author(s):  
Zongli Ren ◽  
Zhao Yang ◽  
Zhongwei Zhao ◽  
Xuan Yang
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Malachite Green ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Magnetic Activated Carbon ◽  
The Cost

Malachite green (MG) pollution has a negative impact on human health. At present, the method of removing it is inconvenient to operate and the cost is high, which has aroused widespread concern. In this study, MgO functionalized magnetic activated carbon (MgO-mAC) prepared by the sol–gel method was used to remove MG in water. The physical and chemical properties of MgO-mAC were tested by SEM, TEM, FTIR, XRD, BET and VSM. The effects of adsorbent dosage, solution pH, contact time, initial MG concentration and temperature on adsorption were studied by batch experiments. The adsorption kinetics data is well described by a pseudo-second-order model. The equilibrium data fits the Langmuir isotherm well. When the pH is 8 and the contact time is 360[Formula: see text]min, the maximum adsorption capacity of MG is 3809[Formula: see text]mg[Formula: see text]g[Formula: see text]. In thermodynamic studies, [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], MG adsorption is an endothermic and spontaneous adsorption process. The current synthesis method is simple in operation and cheap in raw materials, which can greatly reduce the cost of synthesis. Hence, the MgO-mAC material will be an effective adsorbent for removing MG from aqueous solutions.

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