scholarly journals Development of a Heat-Driven-Type MEMS Olfactory Display

Proceedings ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (13) ◽  
pp. 839
Author(s):  
Hiroki Ishizuka ◽  
Kenta Kashiwagi ◽  
Kyohei Terao ◽  
Hidekuni Takao ◽  
Fusao Shimokawa
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Experiment ◽  
Information Communication ◽  
Microelectromechanical System ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Multimodal Information ◽  
Other Information ◽  
Close Time ◽  
Driving Conditions ◽  
Olfactory Display

An olfactory display is necessary for effective multimodal information communication. The relatively large size of current olfactory displays does not support integration with other information devices. Thus, in this study, a heat-driven-type microelectromechanical system (MEMS) olfactory display that is only a few square centimeters in size and, thus, suitable for integration, is proposed. The olfactory display was fabricated by implementing a microfabrication process, and the fundamental driving conditions for the heater and valve were confirmed. Furthermore, a perfume diffusion experiment was conducted to characterize the olfactory display. The diffusion of the perfume was successfully synchronized with the open/close time of the valve.

Emerging Technologies, Information Provision, and Libraries

2021 ◽  
pp. 590-604
Author(s):  
Alexious Muunga
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Emerging Technologies ◽  
Information Age ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Information Provision ◽  
Information Communication Technologies ◽  
Information Communication ◽  
Storage And Retrieval ◽  
Present Information ◽  
Other Information

The advent of computers and information communication technologies (ICTs) has drastically changed the acquisition, storage, and retrieval of information. Further, information can be accessed through various media as new technologies continue to spring up. Since information can be accessed anywhere as long as one has internet connectivity, this has resulted in many users not using the libraries and other information centers. The decline in the use of libraries is worrying, hence the need to understand how the emerging technologies have changed information provision in the libraries. The chapter addresses challenges that affect the provision of the needed services in the libraries. Finally, alternative services that libraries are adopting in order for them to remain relevant in this information age are outlined. This chapter provides insights on how libraries can continue to play their role as information providers and how they can fit into the present information age.

A Classification of Mobile Tourism Applications

2012 ◽  
pp. 165-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stan Karanasios ◽  
Stephen Burgess ◽  
Carmine Sellitto
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Technology ◽  
Mobile Applications ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Mobile Technologies ◽  
Information Communication Technologies ◽  
Information Communication ◽  
Other Information ◽  
Tourist Behaviour

This chapter introduces mobile technology and discusses its emergence in the tourism industry. As has been the case with other Information Communication Technologies (ICTs), tourism has manifested as one of the most well suited sectors to mobile technology and mobile applications. In contrast to other ICTs in the tourism domain however, mobile applications are capable of enhancing the tourist experience at the destination, creating a paradigm shift in how information is accessed and digested, and transactions performed. Nonetheless, little is known concerning how mobile technologies are changing the landscape of tourism and tourist behaviour and the content offered by tourism applications. In order to address the scarcity of research in this emergent area this paper focuses on mobile applications in the tourism industry and based on a literature survey proposes a framework for evaluating mobile tourism applications.

Evaluating Credibility of Social Media Information: Current Challenges, Research Directions and Practical Criteria

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamid Keshavarz
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Information Source ◽  
Information Communication ◽  
Source Information ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Organizational Issues ◽  
Other Information

Purpose Social media pose serious challenges to information evaluation, which can make credibility evaluation more difficult compared to other information resources. As a result, this paper aims to explore related challenges and research directions to put forth a set of criteria practical for actual users in their decision-making. Design/methodology/approach Related literature in such disciplines as information, communication and media sciences were carefully searched and assessed. Once challenges and research directions were identified, a literature coding approach was considered to design a conceptual framework incorporating the main criteria used for evaluating information found from social media. Findings Some areas of consideration such as political concerns, health information, organizational issues and purchasing behavior are among the main challenges inevitable in evaluating current social media information. The relative importance of credibility criteria varies from study to study depending on factors such as the characteristics of the participants, the type of the source and the type of information. Practical implications A conceptual framework developed including four main dimensions of the information source, information presentation, information credibility and decision-related issues as a set of criteria useful for the decision-making of social media users when evaluating information. Originality/value The literature review and the conceptual framework incorporate a set of most important criteria for exploring the credibility evaluation of social media information, which are also useful for future related studies.

Emerging Technologies, Information Provision, and Libraries

2020 ◽  
pp. 22-40
Author(s):  
Alexious Muunga
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Emerging Technologies ◽  
Information Age ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Information Provision ◽  
Information Communication Technologies ◽  
Information Communication ◽  
Storage And Retrieval ◽  
Present Information ◽  
Other Information

The advent of computers and information communication technologies (ICTs) has drastically changed the acquisition, storage, and retrieval of information. Further, information can be accessed through various media as new technologies continue to spring up. Since information can be accessed anywhere as long as one has internet connectivity, this has resulted in many users not using the libraries and other information centers. The decline in the use of libraries is worrying, hence the need to understand how the emerging technologies have changed information provision in the libraries. The chapter addresses challenges that affect the provision of the needed services in the libraries. Finally, alternative services that libraries are adopting in order for them to remain relevant in this information age are outlined. This chapter provides insights on how libraries can continue to play their role as information providers and how they can fit into the present information age.

شواهد قبور سمرقند المنقوشة على حصى البازلت خلال القرن الثالث حتى السابع الهجري/ التاسع حتى الثالث عشر الميلادي

Abgadiyat ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. ۸۰-۱۰٤
Author(s):  
صلاح الدين عمر محمد هدى
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Ninth Century ◽  
Seventh Century ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Third Century ◽  
Irregular Shapes ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Other Information ◽  
Distinctive Type ◽  
The City

In Samarkand’s cemeteries, a distinctive type of gravestones spread, made of large-size river stones. It is a stone formed by nature, which gives it its irregular shapes. This type of gravestone was common in Samarkand in the period from third century AH/ninth century until the beginning of the seventh century AH/thirteenth century CE, and most of it was concentrated in the sixth century AH/twelfth century CE. Inscriptions of these gravestones represent the link between early gravestones in Central Asia and the gravestones from the Timurid period, in which we observe development of the gravestones in terms of the general form, raw material used in its manufacture, shapes of the lines inscribed, and their contents. This research is concerned with study of these tombstones by identifying the type of stone used in the manufacture of gravestones, how to implement the inscriptions, read the inscriptions, analyzed it to access its contents, types of lines engraved on them, and other information about the population of the city.

Coherency loss in γ' precipitates in nickel-base superalloy

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 244-245
Author(s):  
R. A. Ricks ◽  
Angus J. Porter
Keyword(s):  
Lattice Mismatch ◽  
Lattice Parameter ◽  
Nickel Base Superalloy ◽  
Large Size ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Nimonic 80A ◽  
Interfacial Dislocations ◽  
Nickel Base ◽  
Coherency Loss ◽  
Nimonic 115

During a recent investigation concerning the growth of γ' precipitates in nickel-base superalloys it was observed that the sign of the lattice mismatch between the coherent particles and the matrix (γ) was important in determining the ease with which matrix dislocations could be incorporated into the interface to relieve coherency strains. Thus alloys with a negative misfit (ie. the γ' lattice parameter was smaller than the matrix) could lose coherency easily and γ/γ' interfaces would exhibit regularly spaced networks of dislocations, as shown in figure 1 for the case of Nimonic 115 (misfit = -0.15%). In contrast, γ' particles in alloys with a positive misfit could grow to a large size and not show any such dislocation arrangements in the interface, thus indicating that coherency had not been lost. Figure 2 depicts a large γ' precipitate in Nimonic 80A (misfit = +0.32%) showing few interfacial dislocations.

Automatic analysis of Kikuchi diffraction patterns

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 900-901
Author(s):  
H. Weiland ◽  
D. P. Field
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Crystalline Materials ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
New Type ◽  
Diffraction Patterns ◽  
Orientation Determination

Recent advances in the automatic indexing of backscatter Kikuchi diffraction patterns on the scanning electron microscope (SEM) has resulted in the development of a new type of microscopy. The ability to obtain statistically relevant information on the spatial distribution of crystallite orientations is giving rise to new insight into polycrystalline microstructures and their relation to materials properties. A limitation of the technique in the SEM is that the spatial resolution of the measurement is restricted by the relatively large size of the electron beam in relation to various microstructural features. Typically the spatial resolution in the SEM is limited to about half a micron or greater. Heavily worked structures exhibit microstructural features much finer than this and require resolution on the order of nanometers for accurate characterization. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) techniques offer sufficient resolution to investigate heavily worked crystalline materials.Crystal lattice orientation determination from Kikuchi diffraction patterns in the TEM (Figure 1) requires knowledge of the relative positions of at least three non-parallel Kikuchi line pairs in relation to the crystallite and the electron beam.

Immunoprobe localization in mammalian embryos

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 32-33
Author(s):  
Patricia G. Calarco ◽  
Margaret C. Siebert
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Relative Lack ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Mammalian Embryos ◽  
Antigen Localization ◽  
Difficult Challenge ◽  
Lowicryl K4m ◽  
Fertilized Egg

Visualization of preimplantation mammalian embryos by electron microscopy is difficult due to the large size of the ircells, their relative lack of internal structure, and their highly hydrated cytoplasm. For example, the fertilized egg of the mouse is a single cell of approximately 75μ in diameter with little organized cytoskelet on and apaucity ofor ganelles such as endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Golgi material. Thus, techniques that work well on tissues or cell lines are often not adaptable to embryos at either the LM or EM level.Over several years we have perfected techniques for visualization of mammalian embryos by LM and TEM, SEM and for the pre-embedding localization of antigens. Post-embedding antigenlocalization in thin sections of mouse oocytes and embryos has presented a more difficult challenge and has been explored in LR White, LR Gold, soft EPON (after etching of sections), and Lowicryl K4M. To date, antigen localization has only been achieved in Lowicryl-embedded material, although even with polymerization at-40°C, the small ER vesicles characteristic of embryos are unrecognizable.

Vibration Isolator System for Electron Microscope

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 182-183
Author(s):  
K. Ohi ◽  
M. Mizuno ◽  
T. Kasai ◽  
Y. Ohkura ◽  
K. Mizuno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Magnetic Fields ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Vibration Isolator ◽  
Air Conditioners ◽  
Vibration Isolators ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Electron Microscopes

In recent years, with electron microscopes coming into wider use, their installation environments do not necessarily give their performance full play. Their environmental conditions include air-conditioners, magnetic fields, and vibrations. We report a jointly developed entirely new vibration isolator which is effective against the vibrations transmitted from the floor.Conventionally, large-sized vibration isolators which need the digging of a pit have been used. These vibration isolators, however, are large present problems of installation and maintenance because of their large-size.Thus, we intended to make a vibration isolator which1) eliminates the need for changing the installation room2) eliminates the need of maintenance and3) are compact in size and easily installable.

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