scholarly journals The Effects of Religiosity and Socioeconomic Status on Social Distance towards Refugees and the Serial Mediating Role of Satisfaction with Life and Perceived Threat

Religions ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 737
Author(s):  
Orhan Koçak
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Social Distance ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Research Strategy ◽  
Threat Perception ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mediation Effects ◽  
Mediation Analyses

In every society, refugees face social and economic exclusion. In particular, social distance towards refugees may be seen remarkably in cities where host people and refugees live together intensely. This study examined essential predictors of social distance towards refugees: religiosity, socioeconomic status (SES), satisfaction with life, and threat perception towards refugees. A quantitative research strategy was used to collect cross-sectional data from 1453 individuals via an online questionnaire in Turkey. Confirmatory factor, correlation, regression, and mediation analyses were conducted. In this study, the effect of religiosity and socioeconomic status on social distance towards refugees and the serial mediation effects of satisfaction with life and threat perception towards refugees on this relationship were analyzed. Questions related to age, gender, marital status, education level, and having refugee neighbors or not were used as control variables. It was found that religiosity and SES were associated with social distance towards refugees. Furthermore, in the effect of religiosity and SES on social distance towards refugees, the serial mediating roles of satisfaction with life and threat perception towards refugees, respectively, were identified.

scholarly journals Burnout among Portuguese healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivone Duarte ◽  
Andreia Teixeira ◽  
Luísa Castro ◽  
Sílvia Marina ◽  
Carla Ribeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Professional Organizations ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Infected People ◽  
Work Related ◽  
High Workload

Abstract Background During COVID-19 pandemic, healthcare workers (HCWs) have had high workload and have been exposed to multiple psychosocial stressors. The aim of this study was to evaluate HCWs in terms of the relative contributions of socio-demographic and mental health variables on three burnout dimensions: personal, work-related, and client-related burnout. Methods A cross-sectional study was performed using an online questionnaire spread via social networks. A snowball technique supported by health care institutions and professional organizations was applied. Results A total of 2008 subjects completed the survey. Gender, parental status, marriage status, and salary reduction were found to be significant factors for personal burnout. Health problems and direct contact with infected people were significantly associated with more susceptibility to high personal and work-related burnout. Frontline working positions were associated with all three dimensions. Higher levels of stress and depression in HCWs were significantly associated with increased levels of all burnout dimensions. Higher levels of satisfaction with life and resilience were significantly associated with lower levels of all burnout dimensions. Conclusions All three burnout dimensions were associated with a specific set of covariates. Consideration of these three dimensions is important when designing future burnout prevention programs for HCWs.

scholarly journals Correlation between Lecturers’ Professional Development Activities and their Competencies in Maldives Higher Education Institutes

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 18-37
Author(s):  
Zuha Aishath ◽  
Intan Marfarrina Omar ◽  
Waheeda Aishath
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Professional Development ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Higher Education System

The quality of higher education (HE) is one of the key areas the higher education system of the Maldives focuses on to develop and expand the sector. Two of the factors that contribute to and influence the quality of HE are professional development (PD) and lecturers’ competency. However, in the context of Maldives, although efforts are made in the area of PD, little to no research has been conducted in this area. Hence, the purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between lecturer PD activities and their competencies in Maldives’ higher education institutes. A quantitative research design was adopted, which conducted a cross-sectional survey by administering a structured online questionnaire. A total of 171 lecturers participated, which included both full-time and part-time lecturers from two public and two private institutions. Data analysis revealed that there is a weak positive correlation between PD activities and lecturers’ competency; rs(129)=0.232, p=0.008. It is also possible that PD activities conducted do not cater for the needs of lecturers, and a culture where structured and individual PD activities are supported and encouraged is not efficiently established. In light of these findings, it is important to strengthen and expand the existing PD policies and focus on providing effective PD sessions on topics and areas that are most needed for lecturers, rather than on generic topics. This study contributes to the empirical literature on PD in the context of Maldives and to the overall development of the HE sector.

scholarly journals A structural equation model of the family physicians attitude towards their role in prevention: a cross-sectional study in Switzerland

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 297-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Cohidon ◽  
Pascal Wild ◽  
Nicolas Senn
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Care ◽  
Latent Variable ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Family Physicians ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background In contrast to many studies exploring barriers to preventive care in family medicine, there is less quantitative research regarding the self-perceived role of family physicians (FPs) in prevention and its predictive factors. Moreover, the existing studies considered this attitude as a homogeneous entity. The objective of this study is firstly, to characterize FPs’ attitudes towards prevention taking into account nine different prevention themes, and secondly, to explore the factors that could be predictive of this attitude. Methods The data stem from a cross-sectional national survey on prevention we conducted in Switzerland from 2015 to 2016 (170 physicians randomly drawn, online questionnaire). We first performed a confirmatory factor analysis to define a homogeneous latent variable regarding physicians’ attitude towards prevention, then, a structural equation modeling to identify potential predictors. Results The FP’ attitude towards their role in preventive care was homogeneously positive whatever the topic (smoking, drinking dietary habits, physical activities, and more generally, cardiovascular risk factors) except for occupational risks and cannabis consumption. A feeling of good effectiveness was a positive predictor of this positive attitude while seniority, the lack of reimbursement and being a physician from the German-speaking area were negative predictors. Conclusion The FP’ attitude about their role in prevention is homogeneous concerning the ‘classical’ topics of prevention, whereas they still under-recognize certain topics as important fields for prevention. To change this situation, we probably need a global effort to introduce other ways of thinking about prevention, including not only FP but also all stakeholders.

scholarly journals Impact on Mental Health Due to COVID-19 Pandemic: Cross-Sectional Study in Portugal and Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (18) ◽  
pp. 6794 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lígia Passos ◽  
Filipe Prazeres ◽  
Andreia Teixeira ◽  
Carlos Martins
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Poor Mental Health ◽  
Satisfaction With Life Scale ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional

Mental health effects secondary to the COVID-19 pandemic were till recently considered less important or were neglected. Portugal and Brazil are facing the pandemic in quite different ways. This study aimed to describe the mental health status of the general adult population in Portugal and Brazil during the COVID-19 pandemic and analyze the differences between the two countries. A cross-sectional quantitative study was based on an online questionnaire. Socio-demographic data were collected in addition to four validated scales: CAGE (acronym cut-annoyed-guilty-eye) Questionnaire, Satisfaction with Life Scale, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 and Patient Health Questionnaire-2. For each outcome, a multiple linear regression was performed. Five hundred and fifty people answered the questionnaire (435 women). The median age was 38 (Q1, Q3: 30, 47) years, 52.5% resided in Brazil and 47.5% in Portugal. The prevalence of anxiety was 71.3% (mild anxiety was present in 43.1%), the prevalence of depression was 24.7% and 23.8% of the sample had both depression and anxiety. Isolation was a significant factor for depression but not for anxiety. Well-being was below average. Mental illness was considerably higher than pre-COVID-19 levels. Portugal and Brazil will have to be prepared for future consequences of poor mental health and contribute immediate psychological support to their adult populations.

scholarly journals Studi Dampak Pandemi Covid-19 terhadap Perilaku Belajar, Interaksi Sosial dan Tingkat Spiritual Mahasiswa

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 395-408
Author(s):  
I Wayan Darna
Keyword(s):  
Social Communication ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Learning Platforms ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact

The study aims to analyze learning behavior, social interaction and spiritual level of UHN I Gusti Bagus Sugriwa students due to the pandemic Covid-19 in order to be able to prepare and do the right things in the era of adapting new habits. This study was quantitative research and used cross-sectional design. Samples that were selected by simple random sampling. Data were collected using online questionnaire. The impact of the covid-19 pandemic for students in college activities is     (1)the adjustment of online method, because some areas are constrained by internet signal, quotas, learning platforms, etc. (2) social communication in cyberspace has increased, as a result of not being able to meet face-to-face directly and (3) the spiritual level of students is in the good category. Students have more time to correct themselves to be better, more resilient, and take lessons from what happened

scholarly journals JUVENILES WORK IN KOSOVO, THE SERVICES OFFERED AND SOCIAL POLICIES IN THE FIELD OF PROTECTION OF THEIR RIGHTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 1527-1533
Author(s):  
Behxhet Gaxhiqi
Keyword(s):  
Social Services ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Research Strategy ◽  
Social Policies ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Children And Parents ◽  
Heavy Work ◽  
The Relationship

The work of juveniles, in Kosovo, services provided and social policies in the protection of their rights. Scientists and experts of these areas are interested in addressing the problems of child welfare in the society, a field which previously was studied closely with the welfare of society in general. Work of the juveniles, is closely related to the interests of children but also to the interest of their parents. This study belongs to the methodology of quantitative research and research strategy used is cross-sectional study, with the emphasis in the study area of this problem. Descriptive aspect of this study aims, to describe in a whole and report on the characteristics of the types of work that children perform and the severity of those. In other hand, the explanatory aspect is intending to fully identify relationships between children and parents and their awareness of the severity of the works performed from their children, those ones that were analyzed: heavy work, toxic substances in agriculture, night work, selling items on the street and in various locals, and the relationship in providing social services.

scholarly journals Burnout among Portuguese healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivone Duarte ◽  
Andreia Teixeira ◽  
Luísa Castro ◽  
Silvia Marina ◽  
Carla Ribeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Professional Organizations ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Infected People ◽  
Work Related ◽  
High Workload

Abstract Background: During COVID-19 pandemic, healthcare workers (HCWs) have had high workload and have been exposed to multiple psychosocial stressors. The aim of this study was to evaluate HCWs in terms of the relative contributions of socio-demographic and mental health variables on three burnout dimensions: personal, work-related, and client-related burnout.Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed using an online questionnaire spread via social networks. A snowball technique supported by health care institutions and professional organizations was applied. Results: A total of 2008 subjects completed the survey. Gender, parental status, marriage status, and salary reduction were found to be significant factors for personal burnout. Health problems and direct contact with infected people were significantly associated with more susceptibility to high personal and work-related burnout. Frontline working positions were associated with all three dimensions. Higher levels of stress and depression in HCWs were significantly associated with increased levels of all burnout dimensions. Higher levels of satisfaction with life and resilience were significantly associated with lower levels of all burnout dimensions. Conclusions: All three burnout dimensions were associated with a specific set of covariates. Consideration of these three dimensions is important when designing future burnout prevention programs for HCWs.

Threat Perception and Public Preparedness for Earthquakes in Italy

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (02) ◽  
pp. 114-124
Author(s):  
Moran Bodas ◽  
Fabiana Giuliani ◽  
Alba Ripoll-Gallardo ◽  
Marta Caviglia ◽  
Marcelo Farah Dell’Aringa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Threat Perception ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Recent Past ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Medium Level ◽  
Risk Areas

Introduction:Italy is prone to major earthquakes and has experienced several devastating earthquakes in the far and recent past. The objectives of this study were to assess the level of Italian households’ preparedness for earthquakes and to measure the public’s perception of the risk and its impact on preparedness behavior.Hypothesis:Italian households’ preparedness for earthquakes is insufficient and is influenced by different threat perception components that were assessed.Methods:A cross-sectional study, using an online questionnaire, was conducted in early 2018. The sample included 1,093 responders from a diverse sociodemographic background. The primary outcome was the Preparedness Index (PI), a score indicating the number of preparedness actions complied-with out of 10.Results:The PI’s mean was 5.26 (SD = 2.17). The recommendation most complied-with was keeping a flashlight at home (87.7%) and the least was securing the kitchen cupboards (15.1%). The PI was positively correlated with a higher sense of preparedness (r = 0.426; P <.001). The PI was higher for responders residing in high-seismic-risk areas and those who experienced a major earthquake before. The predictors of PI were: gender, age, prior experience, sense of preparedness, searching for information, and threat intrusiveness (negatively).Conclusions:The findings demonstrate a medium-level of preparedness; however, this might be circumstantial. Italians perceive major earthquakes to be unlikely, yet severe if and when they do occur. A validated tool in Italian now exists and can be used in future studies.Bodas M, Giuliani F, Ripoll-Gallardo A, Caviglia M, Dell’Aringa MF, Linty M, Della Corte F, Ragazzoni L. Threat perception and public preparedness for earthquakes in Italy. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2019;34(2):114–124

scholarly journals Changes of food consumption in adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic according to socioeconomic status

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. e516101220644
Author(s):  
Simone Augusta Ribas ◽  
Glaycy Kelly Marques Tonhoqui ◽  
Raquel Santiago Vitorino ◽  
Letícia Martins Raposo ◽  
Luana Azevedo de Aquino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Social Classes ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Food Pattern ◽  
Sugary Drinks ◽  
Eating Practices

The expansion of the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil has further evidenced the discrepancy between different social realities of the country, and it may have also impacted eating practices, including those of adolescents. Objective: To evaluate the eating practices of Brazilian adolescents according to socioeconomic status, during the period of social isolation. Method: In this cross-sectional study, demographic, dietary and socioeconomic data were collected from 676 adolescents from all regions of Brazil through an online questionnaire. Associations between social strata and food pattern, food frequency, and changes in food consumption were analyzed by univariate and multivariable logistic regression models. Results: During the COVID-19 pandemic, adolescents in the upper-middle class were more likely to consume milk (p < 0.001), vegetables (p = 0.004), fruits (p < 0.001), and sweets. In contrast, adolescents from the working-lower classes were 53% less likely to eat regular lunch (OR = 0.47, p < 0.001) and 50% more likely to replace large meals by snacks (OR = 1.50, p = 0.03). When assessing the change in food consumption in this period, adolescents from the lower-lower classes were 1.5 to 2 times more likely to increase consumption of sugary drinks (OR:1.71; p = 0.003), fried snacks (OR:1.73, p = 0.005), and ultra-processed foods (OR:1.54, p = 0.02) in comparison with the other social classes. Conclusion: These results suggest a higher risk of unhealthy food consumption among adolescents from lower social classes and can be used as a basis for policies to address the pandemic.

scholarly journals B2C (Business-To-Consumer) mobile marketing for Canadian apparel retailers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leticia Zertuche
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Devices ◽  
Mobile Device ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Mobile Marketing ◽  
Business Practices ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Probabilistic Sampling ◽  
Greater Toronto Area ◽  
Apparel Retailers

The mobile device industry has changed dramatically over the last 10 years. The world is swiftly adopting mobile devices, and Apple and Google have become major players in an industry that now encompasses a burgeoning mobile-fashion marketing business. This research project sought to help apparel retailers understand more about apparel consumers’ usage of mobile devices and perceptions of mobile marketing strategies, and to shed light on better business practices. The study used a quantitative research method, along with cross-sectional, descriptive, and non-probabilistic sampling techniques. An online questionnaire survey was designed to collect data with a sample of 390 mobile device users in the Greater Toronto Area. SPSS was used for coding and analyzing the information.

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