scholarly journals Negative Pressure Waves Based High Resolution Leakage Localization Method Using Piezoceramic Transducers and Multiple Temporal Convolutions

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 1990 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guangmin Zhang ◽  
Siu Chun Michael Ho ◽  
Linsheng Huo ◽  
Junxiao Zhu
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Lead Zirconate Titanate ◽  
Negative Pressure ◽  
Lead Zirconate ◽  
Signal Duration ◽  
Leakage Detection ◽  
Localization Algorithm ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Leakage Area ◽  
Better Than

The negative pressure wave (NPW) signals generated by a pipeline leakage often have a long signal duration. When these signals are utilized to compute the leakage position, the long signal duration will result in a large area being considered as leakage area. The localization resolution is low. A novel high-resolution localization algorithm is developed for pipeline leakage detection using piezoceramic transducers in this paper. The proposed algorithm utilizes multiple temporal convolutions to decrease the localization functional values at the points close to the leakage, in order to reduce the range of the leakage area revealed by the proposed algorithm. As a result, the localization resolution is improved. A measured experiment was conducted to study the proposed algorithm. In the experiment, the proposed algorithm was used to monitor a 55.8 m pressurized pipeline with two controllable valves and two Lead Zirconate Titanate (PZT) sensors. With the aid of the piezoceramic sensor, the experimental results show that the proposed algorithm results in a resolution which is better than that of the traditional method.

Interface debonding performance of precast segmental nano-materials based concrete (PSNBC) beams

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1317-1327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinfeng Yin ◽  
Ming Zhang ◽  
Lei Wang ◽  
Yang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Lead Zirconate Titanate ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Concrete Specimen ◽  
Lead Zirconate ◽  
Epoxy Adhesive ◽  
Interface Debonding ◽  
Nano Materials ◽  
Monitoring Test ◽  
Physical Effects ◽  
Better Than

The precast segmental concrete (PSC) structures and the nano-materials based concrete beams are widely applied to civil engineering. On the other hand, it is well known that nano-materials have physical effects and can significantly improve the concrete properties of cement-based materials. Therefore, the interface debonding performance of precast segmental nano-materials based concrete (PSNBC) beams is investigated in this study. Two concrete specimens with nano-materials and one concrete specimen without nano-materials were prepared and bonded into PSC beams with a high strength epoxy adhesive. The smart aggregates (SAs) made of piezoceramic Lead Zirconate Titanate (PZT) and concrete are used as the intelligent transducer of monitoring test specimen. The PSC beam was loaded periodically by screw jack to simulate the random debonding damage of different degrees. The experimental results show that the interface debonding performance of the concrete specimens with nano-materials is significantly enhanced and better than that of concrete specimens without nano-materials.

scholarly journals Synthesis, Microstructure and Properties of Magnetron Sputtered Lead Zirconate Titanate (PZT) Thin Film Coatings

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 944
Author(s):  
Youcao Ma ◽  
Jian Song ◽  
Xubo Wang ◽  
Yue Liu ◽  
Jia Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Magnetron Sputtering ◽  
Lead Zirconate Titanate ◽  
Lead Zirconate ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Mems Devices ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Pzt Thin Films ◽  
Synthesis Parameters ◽  
Zirconate Titanate

Compared to aluminum nitride (AlN) with simple stoichiometry, lead zirconate titanate thin films (PZT) are the other promising candidate in advanced micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) devices due to their excellent piezoelectric and dielectric properties. The fabrication of PZT thin films with a large area is challenging but in urgent demand. Therefore, it is necessary to establish the relationships between synthesis parameters and specific properties. Compared to sol-gel and pulsed laser deposition techniques, this review highlights a magnetron sputtering technique owing to its high feasibility and controllability. In this review, we survey the microstructural characteristics of PZT thin films, as well as synthesis parameters (such as substrate, deposition temperature, gas atmosphere, and annealing temperature, etc.) and functional proper-ties (such as dielectric, piezoelectric, and ferroelectric, etc). The dependence of these influential factors is particularly emphasized in this review, which could provide experimental guidance for researchers to acquire PZT thin films with expected properties by a magnetron sputtering technique.

BaRuO3 thin film electrode for ferroelectric lead zirconate titanate capacitors

1999 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 3833-3836 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang-Mo Koo ◽  
Li-Rong Zheng ◽  
K. V. Rao
Keyword(s):  
Lead Zirconate Titanate ◽  
Pulsed Laser ◽  
Lead Zirconate ◽  
Laser Deposition ◽  
Metallic Electrode ◽  
Axis Orientation ◽  
Pzt Film ◽  
Fatigue Characteristics ◽  
Fatigue Endurance ◽  
Better Than

The characteristics of a ferroelectric Pb(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O3 (PZT) capacitor on conductive BaRuO3 thin films deposited by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) were investigated. The BaRuO3 layer grown epitaxially on LaAlO3(100) substrates at a substrate temperature of 700 °C was found to have a resistivity around 145 μΩ cm at 300 K. The subsequently deposited PZT film showed a c-axis orientation perpendicular to the substrate, and the remnant polarization, ΔP (= P* – P^), and coercive field, EC, of the capacitor were 24.7 μC/cm2 and 52 kV/cm, respectively. Fatigue characteristics of the PZT on BaRuO3 electrodes are far better than those obtained with polycrystalline PZT with Pt structures and comparable to those on epitaxial Yba2Cu3O7−x electrodes. With the new metallic electrode, the PZT layer exhibits no serious degradation in fatigue endurance up to 1010 cycles.

Flexible and Large-Area Nanocomposite Generators Based on Lead Zirconate Titanate Particles and Carbon Nanotubes

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (12) ◽  
pp. 1539-1544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kwi-Il Park ◽  
Chang Kyu Jeong ◽  
Jungho Ryu ◽  
Geon-Tae Hwang ◽  
Keon Jae Lee
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Lead Zirconate Titanate ◽  
Lead Zirconate ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Zirconate Titanate

X-ray diffraction and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy study on A-site ordering of lanthanum-modified lead zirconate titanate relaxor

1995 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1582-1584 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Fang ◽  
Xiaowen Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Lead Zirconate Titanate ◽  
Microscopy Study ◽  
Lead Zirconate ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Zirconate Titanate ◽  
Transmission Electron

The ordering behavior of La-modified lead zirconate titanate relaxor (PLZT 9/65/35) was investigated by use of an x-ray diffractometer (XRD) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). It was shown that a {h + 1/2, k + 1/2, 0}-type superlattice exists both in the x-ray diffraction pattern and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) image. High-resolution electron micrographs further demonstrated the existence of the superlattice and exposed the ordered and disordered regions in the lattice level. A model referring to an A-site body-centered pseudo-cubic superstructure was proposed.

scholarly journals Active layers of high-performance lead zirconate titanate at temperatures compatible with silicon nano- and microelectronic devices

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iñigo Bretos ◽  
Ricardo Jiménez ◽  
Monika Tomczyk ◽  
Enrique Rodríguez-Castellón ◽  
Paula M. Vilarinho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lead Zirconate Titanate ◽  
Flexible Electronics ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Lead Zirconate ◽  
Ferroelectric Materials ◽  
Cmos Process ◽  
Concept Design ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Microelectronic Devices ◽  
Zirconate Titanate

Abstract Applications of ferroelectric materials in modern microelectronics will be greatly encouraged if the thermal incompatibility between inorganic ferroelectrics and semiconductor devices is overcome. Here, solution-processable layers of the most commercial ferroelectric compound ─ morphotrophic phase boundary lead zirconate titanate, namely Pb(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O3 (PZT) ─ are grown on silicon substrates at temperatures well below the standard CMOS process of semiconductor technology. The method, potentially transferable to a broader range of Zr:Ti ratios, is based on the addition of crystalline nanoseeds to photosensitive solutions of PZT resulting in perovskite crystallization from only 350 °C after the enhanced decomposition of metal precursors in the films by UV irradiation. A remanent polarization of 10.0 μC cm−2 is obtained for these films that is in the order of the switching charge densities demanded for FeRAM devices. Also, a dielectric constant of ~90 is measured at zero voltage which exceeds that of current single-oxide candidates for capacitance applications. The multifunctionality of the films is additionally demonstrated by their pyroelectric and piezoelectric performance. The potential integration of PZT layers at such low fabrication temperatures may redefine the concept design of classical microelectronic devices, besides allowing inorganic ferroelectrics to enter the scene of the emerging large-area, flexible electronics.

High-resolution x-ray diffraction study of single crystals of lead zirconate titanate

2011 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Gorfman ◽  
D. S. Keeble ◽  
A. M. Glazer ◽  
X. Long ◽  
Y. Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Diffraction Study ◽  
Single Crystals ◽  
Lead Zirconate Titanate ◽  
Lead Zirconate ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Zirconate Titanate

scholarly journals Electronic Skin from High-Throughput Fabrication of Intrinsically Stretchable Lead Zirconate Titanate Elastomer

Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiming Liu ◽  
Huanxi Zheng ◽  
Ling Zhao ◽  
Shiyuan Liu ◽  
Kuanming Yao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput ◽  
Lead Zirconate Titanate ◽  
Sensor Arrays ◽  
Lead Zirconate ◽  
Advanced Materials ◽  
Tactile Sensing ◽  
Manufacturing Cost ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Electronic Skin ◽  
Zirconate Titanate

Electronic skin made of thin, soft, stretchable devices that can mimic the human skin and reconstruct the tactile sensation and perception offers great opportunities for prosthesis sensing, robotics controlling, and human-machine interfaces. Advanced materials and mechanics engineering of thin film devices has proven to be an efficient route to enable and enhance flexibility and stretchability of various electronic skins; however, the density of devices is still low owing to the limitation in existing fabrication techniques. Here, we report a high-throughput one-step process to fabricate large tactile sensing arrays with a sensor density of 25 sensors/cm2 for electronic skin, where the sensors are based on intrinsically stretchable piezoelectric lead zirconate titanate (PZT) elastomer. The PZT elastomer sensor arrays with great uniformity and passive-driven manner enable high-resolution tactile sensing, simplify the data acquisition process, and lower the manufacturing cost. The high-throughput fabrication process provides a general platform for integrating intrinsically stretchable materials into large area, high device density soft electronics for the next-generation electronic skin.

Piezoelectric Composite Panels for Underwater Acoustic Control

1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard L. Gentilman ◽  
Leslie J. Bowen ◽  
Robert D. Corsaro ◽  
Brian H. Houston
Keyword(s):  
Lead Zirconate Titanate ◽  
Active Surface ◽  
Lead Zirconate ◽  
Piezoelectric Composite ◽  
Naval Research ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Sensor Actuator ◽  
Surface Control ◽  
Acoustic Control ◽  
Good Agreement

Abstract Large area 1–3 composite piezoelectric transducer panels have been produced by Materials Systems Inc. (MSI). These SonoPanels™ measure 250 × 250 mm and have excellent response as underwater actuators as well as sensors. Piezocomposite panel manufacturing has been facilitated by an injection molding technology for fabricating net-shape lead zirconate titanate (PZT) ceramic preforms. An array of fifteen 250 × 250 mm 1–3 composite actuator panels, integrated with surface mounted pressure and velocity sensors, has been attached to a steel backing structure. The array has been evaluated for underwater active surface control applications at the Naval Research Laboratory. Sensor-actuator coupling was investigated, with good agreement between calculated and measured performance.

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