scholarly journals Comparison between Intramuscular Multichannel Electrodes and Supramysial Multichannel Electrodes via EMG Measurements for Potential Use as Larynx Stimulation Electrodes: In Vivo Animal Analysis

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (20) ◽  
pp. 4477
Author(s):  
Bernd Faenger ◽  
Nikolaus P. Schumann ◽  
Christoph Anders ◽  
Dirk Arnold ◽  
Roland Grassme ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Striated Muscle ◽  
Coordination Pattern ◽  
Triceps Brachii ◽  
Myoelectrical Activity ◽  
Activation Patterns ◽  
In Vivo Animal Model ◽  
Triceps Brachii Muscle ◽  
Basic Characteristics ◽  
Circular Functions

One of the most common causes for larynx paralysis is the injury of the recurrent laryngeal nerve which, among others, causes the paralysis of the posterior cricoarytenoideus muscle (PCA). Electrical stimulation of PCA offers an approach to retaining the function of the paralyzed larynx muscle. The study aim was to test the applicability of an intramuscular multichannel array electrode as a measuring electrode for myoelectrical potentials and as a possible electrode for stimulation, e.g., posterior cricoarytenoideus muscle stimulation. For this purpose, two different kinds of electrodes were compared. 42 intramuscular multichannel array electrodes and 11 supramysial multichannel electrodes were implanted into the triceps brachii muscle of rats. The triceps brachii muscle of rats is suitable to serve as a substitute muscle for the human PCA muscle in an in vivo animal model. It has the same striated muscle cells, is of comparable size, and fundamentally serves a similar function to the human PCA muscle during normal respiration. Walking and breathing are circular functions that cause minimal muscle fatigue when carried out steadily. In total, the myoelectrical activity of 6703 steps could be recorded, allowing a comparison and statistical analysis of the EMG amplitudes and EMG activation patterns. Small differences can be detected between the EMG signals of both electrode types which, however, can be explained physiologically. Both electrode types reveal the basic characteristics of the triceps brachii muscle activity, namely the muscle contraction strength and the coordination pattern. This indicates that the intramuscular electrode may be applied for a detailed analysis of the human larynx.

scholarly journals A Region of the Myosin Rod Important for Interaction With Paramyosin in Caenorhabditis elegans Striated Muscle

Genetics ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 156 (2) ◽  
pp. 631-643
Author(s):  
Pamela E Hoppe ◽  
Robert H Waterston
Keyword(s):  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Heavy Chain ◽  
Molecular Interaction ◽  
Striated Muscle ◽  
Genetic Interaction ◽  
Specific Interaction ◽  
Thick Filament ◽  
Parallel Arrangement ◽  
Myosin Rod

Abstract The precise arrangement of molecules within the thick filament, as well as the mechanisms by which this arrangement is specified, remains unclear. In this article, we have exploited a unique genetic interaction between one isoform of myosin heavy chain (MHC) and paramyosin in Caenorhabditis elegans to probe the molecular interaction between MHC and paramyosin in vivo. Using chimeric myosin constructs, we have defined a 322-residue region of the MHC A rod critical for suppression of the structural and motility defects associated with the unc-15(e73) allele. Chimeric constructs lacking this region of MHC A either fail to suppress, or act as dominant enhancers of, the e73 phenotype. Although the 322-residue region is required for suppression activity, our data suggest that sequences along the length of the rod also play a role in the isoform-specific interaction between MHC A and paramyosin. Our genetic and cell biological analyses of construct behavior suggest that the 322-residue region of MHC A is important for thick filament stability. We present a model in which this region mediates an avid interaction between MHC A and paramyosin in parallel arrangement in formation of the filament arms.

scholarly journals SPEG binds with desmin and its deficiency causes defects in triad and focal adhesion proteins

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiyu Luo ◽  
Qifei Li ◽  
Jasmine Lin ◽  
Quinn Murphy ◽  
Isabelle Marty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Focal Adhesion ◽  
Skeletal Muscles ◽  
Striated Muscle ◽  
Calcium Handling ◽  
Intermediate Filament Protein ◽  
Β1 Integrin ◽  
Adhesion Proteins ◽  
Focal Adhesion Proteins ◽  
Early Endosomes

Abstract SPEG, a member of the myosin light chain kinase family, is localized at the level of triad surrounding myofibrils in skeletal muscles. In humans, SPEG mutations are associated with centronuclear myopathy and cardiomyopathy. Using a striated muscle specific Speg-knockout (KO) mouse model, we have previously shown that SPEG is critical for triad maintenance and calcium handling. Here we further examined the molecular function of SPEG and characterized the effects of SPEG deficiency on triad and focal adhesion proteins. We used yeast two-hybrid assay, and identified desmin, an intermediate filament protein, to interact with SPEG and confirmed this interaction by co-immunoprecipitation. Using domain-mapping assay, we defined that Ig-like and fibronectin III domains of SPEG interact with rod domain of desmin. In skeletal muscles, SPEG depletion leads to desmin aggregates in vivo and a shift in desmin equilibrium from soluble to insoluble fraction. We also profiled the expression and localization of triadic proteins in Speg-KO mice using western blot and immunofluorescence. The amounts of RyR1 and triadin were markedly reduced, whereas DHPRα1, SERCA1, and triadin were abnormally accumulated in discrete areas of Speg-KO myofibers. In addition, Speg-KO muscles exhibited internalized vinculin and β1 integrin, both of which are critical components of the focal adhesion complex. Further, β1 integrin was abnormally accumulated in early endosomes of Speg-KO myofibers. These results demonstrate that SPEG-deficient skeletal muscles exhibit several pathological features similar to those seen in MTM1 deficiency. Defects of shared cellular pathways may underlie these structural and functional abnormalities in both types of diseases.

scholarly journals Relationship between NAFLD and Periodontal Disease from the View of Clinical and Basic Research, and Immunological Response

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 3728
Author(s):  
Masahiro Hatasa ◽  
Sumiko Yoshida ◽  
Hirokazu Takahashi ◽  
Kenichi Tanaka ◽  
Yoshihito Kubotsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Periodontopathic Bacteria ◽  
In Vivo Animal Model ◽  
The Relationship

Periodontal disease is an inflammatory disease caused by pathogenic oral microorganisms that leads to the destruction of alveolar bone and connective tissues around the teeth. Although many studies have shown that periodontal disease is a risk factor for systemic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases, the relationship between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and periodontal disease has not yet been clarified. Thus, the purpose of this review was to reveal the relationship between NAFLD and periodontal disease based on epidemiological studies, basic research, and immunology. Many cross-sectional and prospective epidemiological studies have indicated that periodontal disease is a risk factor for NAFLD. An in vivo animal model revealed that infection with periodontopathic bacteria accelerates the progression of NAFLD accompanied by enhanced steatosis. Moreover, the detection of periodontopathic bacteria in the liver may demonstrate that the bacteria have a direct impact on NAFLD. Furthermore, Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide induces inflammation and accumulation of intracellular lipids in hepatocytes. Th17 may be a key molecule for explaining the relationship between periodontal disease and NAFLD. In this review, we attempted to establish that oral health is essential for systemic health, especially in patients with NAFLD.

scholarly journals TRIM72 is required for effective repair of alveolar epithelial cell wounding

2014 ◽  
Vol 307 (6) ◽  
pp. L449-L459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seong Chul Kim ◽  
Thomas Kellett ◽  
Shaohua Wang ◽  
Miyuki Nishi ◽  
Nagaraja Nagre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Striated Muscle ◽  
Alveolar Epithelial Cell ◽  
Alveolar Epithelial Cells ◽  
Lung Cells ◽  
Alveolar Epithelial ◽  
High Tidal Volume Ventilation

The molecular mechanisms for lung cell repair are largely unknown. Previous studies identified tripartite motif protein 72 (TRIM72) from striated muscle and linked its function to tissue repair. In this study, we characterized TRIM72 expression in lung tissues and investigated the role of TRIM72 in repair of alveolar epithelial cells. In vivo injury of lung cells was introduced by high tidal volume ventilation, and repair-defective cells were labeled with postinjury administration of propidium iodide. Primary alveolar epithelial cells were isolated and membrane wounding and repair were labeled separately. Our results show that absence of TRIM72 increases susceptibility to deformation-induced lung injury whereas TRIM72 overexpression is protective. In vitro cell wounding assay revealed that TRIM72 protects alveolar epithelial cells through promoting repair rather than increasing resistance to injury. The repair function of TRIM72 in lung cells is further linked to caveolin 1. These data suggest an essential role for TRIM72 in repair of alveolar epithelial cells under plasma membrane stress failure.

Influence of muscle anatomical cross-sectional area on the moment arm length of the triceps brachii muscle at the elbow joint

2010 ◽  
Vol 43 (14) ◽  
pp. 2844-2847 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norihide Sugisaki ◽  
Taku Wakahara ◽  
Naokazu Miyamoto ◽  
Koichiro Murata ◽  
Hiroaki Kanehisa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elbow Joint ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Moment Arm ◽  
Triceps Brachii ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Triceps Brachii Muscle ◽  
The Moment

scholarly journals Robotic (super) microsurgery: Feasibility of a new master‐slave platform in an in vivo animal model and future directions

2018 ◽  
Vol 118 (5) ◽  
pp. 826-831 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom J. M. Mulken ◽  
Rutger M. Schols ◽  
Shan S. Qiu ◽  
Kaj Brouwers ◽  
Lisette T. Hoekstra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
In Vivo Animal Model

scholarly journals QUANTITATIVE AND HISTOCHEMICAL STUDIES ON THE DESORPTION AND READSORPTION OF ALDOLASE IN CROSS-STRIATED MUSCLE

1969 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 314-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. ARNOLD ◽  
J. NOLTE ◽  
D. PETTE
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Actin Filaments ◽  
Phosphate Buffer ◽  
Striated Muscle ◽  
Psoas Muscle ◽  
Histochemical Staining ◽  
Intracellular Location ◽  
Successive Extraction ◽  
Complete Extraction

Complete extraction of aldolase from minced rabbit psoas muscle was achieved by successive extraction steps in 0.1 M phosphate buffer. Aldolase was then readsorbed quantitatively to the depleted myofibrils. Extraction, readsorption and a final redsorption of the enzyme were followed quantitatively by enzyme activity determinations and qualitatively by histochemical staining of aldolase. The intracellular location of the readsorbed enzyme was found to be identical with that of aldolase in native muscle. In both cases, aldolase was localized within the isotropic bands. These results as well as the previously demonstrated binding of the enzyme to F-actin suggest that aldolase is located within the interfilamentary sarcoplasm of the isotropic bands and is probably also bound in vivo to the actin filaments.

Cross-sectional area and mean echogenicity of shoulder and elbow tendons in adult German Shepherd dogs

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (05) ◽  
pp. 366-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Loprete ◽  
V. Musella ◽  
D. Britti ◽  
J. M. Vilar ◽  
G. Spinella
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Triceps Brachii ◽  
German Shepherd ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Extensor Muscles ◽  
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris ◽  
Triceps Brachii Muscle ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Distal Tendon

SummaryThe aim of this study was to describe the cross-sectional area and mean echogenicity of the main tendons of the shoulder and elbow joints in adult German Shepherd dogs and to determine the effects of sex, weight, and age on these parameters. No previous publications in the veterinary literature have reported information regarding quantitative ultrasonographic tendon measurements in dogs.Thirty German Shepherd dogs were examined: 13 males and 17 females. The cross-sectional area was significantly higher in males than in females (p <0.05) for the distal tendon of the triceps brachii muscle and the tendons of the flexor carpi ulnaris and common digital extensor muscles. The influence of sex on mean echogenicity was not significant. According to age, mean echogenicity was higher in older dogs, while the cross-sectional areas were similar in the two groups. Cross-sectional area and mean echogenicity of the tendons showed a direct increase with an increase in body weight. The data gained from this study can help support the clinician to discriminate between normal and pathological conditions.

scholarly journals Rotator Cuff Tendinosis in an Animal Model: The Role of Extrinsic and Overuse Factors

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Thomopoulos ◽  
A. Esmail ◽  
J. D. Williamson ◽  
C. L. Flanagan ◽  
J. P. Iannotti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Rotator Cuff ◽  
Musculoskeletal System ◽  
Soft Tissue Injuries ◽  
Rotator Cuff Disease ◽  
Extrinsic Compression ◽  
In Vivo Animal Model

Abstract One of the most common soft tissue injuries of the musculoskeletal system is injury to the rotator cuff tendons of the shoulder. These injuries are commonly attributed to factors such as overuse activity and extrinsic compression. Previous studies on the rotator cuff have been based on surgical reconstructive or clinical retrospective standpoints and were not designed to test hypotheses related to the causes of rotator cuff tendinosis. Our previous study has identified the rat as an appropriate in vivo animal model in which to study rotator cuff disease based on anatomic and functional similarities [1]. The current study uses this animal model to study the roles of extrinsic compression, overuse, and overuse combined with extrinsic compression, on the development of rotator cuff tendinosis. It was hypothesized that a single injury factor would be insufficient to create persistent tendinosis and a combination of injury factors would be necessary.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document