scholarly journals Design of Double-Layer Electrically Extremely Small-Size Displacement Sensor

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (14) ◽  
pp. 4923
Author(s):  
Yi-Dong Wang ◽  
Feng-Yuan Han ◽  
Jin Zhao ◽  
Zi-Wen Zhang ◽  
Di Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Double Layer ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Relative Displacement ◽  
Ring Resonators ◽  
Displacement Sensor ◽  
Displacement Sensors ◽  
Layer Structures ◽  
Compact Size ◽  
Feeding Structure ◽  
Quality Factor Q

In this paper, a displacement sensor with an electrically extremely small size and high sensitivity is proposed based on an elaborately designed metamaterial element, i.e., coupled split-ring resonators (SRRs). The sensor consists of a feeding structure with a rectangular opening loop and a sensing structure with double-layer coupled SRRs. The movable double-layer structures can be used to measure the relative displacement. The size of microwave displacement sensors can be significantly reduced due to the compact feeding and sensing structures. By adjusting the position of the split gap within the resonator, the detection directions of the displacement sensing can be further expanded accordingly (along with the x- or y-axis) without increasing its physical size. Compared with previous works, the extremely compact size of 0.05λ0 × 0.05λ0 (λ0 denotes the free-space wavelength), a high sensitivity, and a high quality factor (Q-factor) can be achieved by the proposed sensor. From the perspective of the advantages above, the proposed sensor holds promise for being applied in many high-precision industrial measurement scenarios.

FBG Displacement Sensor Application Research on Geology Security Monitoring of Substation

2012 ◽  
Vol 503-504 ◽  
pp. 1393-1396
Author(s):  
Chao Shen ◽  
Chuan Li ◽  
Yun Shui Xu ◽  
Qing Hua Yan ◽  
Shao Quan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retaining Wall ◽  
Relative Displacement ◽  
Displacement Sensor ◽  
Application Research ◽  
Security Monitoring ◽  
Average Displacement ◽  
Daily Average ◽  
Displacement Sensors ◽  
Dislocation Crack ◽  
July August September

The great area crack can cause the landslide of the substation sliding. Dislocation is the significant factor to reflect the crack. Embedded the mast structure of FBG displacement sensor, the relative displacement of retaining wall in YanJin substation can be obtained. Placed 3 FBG displacement sensors on the southeast corner of the substation downstream integrated the real-time monitoring system for the dislocation crack of YanJin substation downstream. In the monitoring results of the 479 days, daily average displacement of 3# sensor located in substation downstream maximized to 1.58mm on January 27th 2011; and daily average displacement of 2# sensor located in substation downstream minimized to -1.94mm on September 18th 2011. The monthly rainfall maximized to 123.5mm, 70.7mm, 75.9mm in July, August, September 2011 and minimized to 26.8mm, 12.9mm, and 23.3mm in January 2011, November, December 2010. Considered local precipitation, cracks closely related to the local precipitation.

A compact UWB antenna with triple band notch reconfigurability

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Lei Li ◽  
Jingchang Nan ◽  
Jing Liu ◽  
Chengjian Tao
Keyword(s):  
Coplanar Waveguide ◽  
Ring Resonators ◽  
Uwb Antenna ◽  
Split Ring ◽  
X Band ◽  
Compact Size ◽  
Nested Structure ◽  
P Type ◽  
Good Agreement ◽  
Triple Band

Abstract A compact ultrawideband (UWB) antenna with reconfigurable triple band notch characteristics is proposed in this paper. The antenna consists of a coplanar waveguide-fed top-cut circular-shaped radiator with two etched C-shaped slots, a pair of split-ring resonators (SRRs) on the backside and four p-type intrinsic n-type (PIN) diodes integrated in the slots and SRRs. By controlling the current distribution in the slots and SRRs, the antenna can realize eight band notch states with independent switch ability, which allows UWB to coexist with 5G (3.3–4.4 GHz)/WiMAX (3.3–3.6 GHz), WLAN (5.15–5.825 GHz), and X-band (7.9–8.4 GHz) bands without interference. By utilizing a nested structure of C-shaped slots and SRRs on the backside, a compact size of 18 × 19.5 mm2 is achieved along with multimode triple band notch reconfigurability. The antenna covers a bandwidth of 3.1–10.6 GHz. A prototype is fabricated and tested. The simulated and experimental results are in good agreement.

Applications of metamaterial sensors: a review

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Divya Prakash ◽  
Nisha Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Interaction ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Ring Resonators ◽  
Electromagnetic Properties ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Split Ring ◽  
Split Ring Resonators ◽  
Quality Testing ◽  
Properties Of Materials ◽  
Metamaterial Absorbers

Abstract Sensors based on metamaterial absorbers are very promising when it comes to high sensitivity and quality factor, cost, and ease of fabrication. The absorbers could be used to sense physical parameters such as temperature, pressure, density as well as they could be used for determining electromagnetic properties of materials and their characterization. In this work, an attempt has been made to explore the various possible applications of these sensors. Metamaterial-based sensors are very popular for its diverse applications in areas such as biomedical, chemical industry, food quality testing, agriculture. Split-ring resonators with various shapes and topologies are the most frequently used structures where the sensing principle is based on electromagnetic interaction of the material under test with the resonator. Overcoming the design challenges using metamaterial sensors involving several constraints such as cost, compactness, reusability, ease in fabrication, and robustness is also addressed.

scholarly journals A Novel SWB Antenna with Triple Band-Notches Based on Elliptical Slot and Rectangular Split Ring Resonators

Electronics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaobo Zhang ◽  
Saeed Ur Rahman ◽  
Qunsheng Cao ◽  
Ignacio Gil ◽  
Muhammad Irshad khan
Keyword(s):  
Split Ring Resonator ◽  
Ring Resonators ◽  
Impedance Bandwidth ◽  
Split Ring ◽  
Split Ring Resonators ◽  
Compact Size ◽  
Good Agreement ◽  
Swb Applications ◽  
Triple Band ◽  
Microstrip Feed

In this paper, a wideband antenna was designed for super-wideband (SWB) applications. The proposed antenna was fed with a rectangular tapered microstrip feed line, which operated over a SWB frequency range (1.42 GHz to 50 GHz). The antenna was implemented at a compact size with electrical dimensions of 0.16 λ × 0.27 λ × 0.0047 λ mm3, where λ was with respect to the lowest resonance frequency. The proposed antenna prototype was fabricated on a F4B substrate, which had a permittivity of 2.65 and 1 mm thickness. The SWB antenna exhibited an impedance bandwidth of 189% and a bandwidth ratio of 35.2:1. Additionally, the proposed antenna design exhibited three band notch characteristics that were necessary to eradicate interference from WLAN, WiMAX, and X bands in the SWB range. One notch was achieved by etching an elliptical split ring resonator (ESRR) in the radiator and the other two notches were achieved by placing rectangular split ring resonators close to the signal line. The first notch was tuned by incorporating a varactor diode into the ESRR. The prototype was experimentally validated with, with notch and without notch characteristics for SWB applications. The experimental results showed good agreement with simulated results.

Restricted Rotational Motion of InterlayerWaterMolecules in Vanadium Pentoxide Hydrate, V2O5·n D2O, as Studied by Deuterium NMR

2002 ◽  
Vol 57 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 419-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadamu Takeda ◽  
Yuko Gotoh ◽  
Goro Maruta ◽  
Shuichi Takahara ◽  
Shigeharu Kittaka
Keyword(s):  
Double Layer ◽  
Vanadium Pentoxide ◽  
Rotational Motion ◽  
Interlayer Space ◽  
Layer Structure ◽  
Bond Distance ◽  
Adsorbed Water ◽  
Deuterium Nmr ◽  
Water Molecules ◽  
Layer Structures

The rotational behavior of the interlayer water molecules of deuterated vanadium pentoxide hydrate, V2O5.nD2O, was studied by solid-state deuterium NMR for the mono- and double-layer structures of the adsorbed water molecules. The rotational motion was anisotropic even at 355 K for both the mono- and double-layer structures. The 180° flipping motion about the C2-symmetry axis of the water molecule and the rotation around the figure axis, which makes an angle Ɵ with the C2-axis, occurred with the activation energy of (34±4) and (49±6) kJmol-1, respectively. The activation energies were almost independent of the mono- and double-layer structures of the water molecules, but the angle Ɵ made by the two axes varied from 33° for the monolayer to 25° for the double-layer at 230 K. The angle started to decrease above 250 K (e. g. the angle was 17 at 355 K for the double-layer structure). The results indicate that the average orientation of the water molecules in the two dimensional interlayer space depends on the layer structure and on the temperature. From the deuterium NMR spectrum at 130 K, the quadrupole coupling constant e2Qq/h = 240 kHz and the asymmetry parameter η= 0.12 were deduced. These values indicate the average hydrogen bond distance R(O H) = 2.0 Å for the D2O molecules in the 2D-interlayer space

scholarly journals High-Accuracy Calibration Based on Linearity Adjustment for Eddy Current Displacement Sensor

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 2842 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Liu ◽  
Bing Liang ◽  
Zhenyuan Jia ◽  
Di Feng ◽  
Xintong Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eddy Current ◽  
Measurement Accuracy ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Calibration Method ◽  
High Accuracy ◽  
Output Characteristic ◽  
Displacement Sensor ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Displacement Sensors ◽  
Calibration Accuracy

High precision position control is essential in the process of parts manufacturing and assembling, where eddy current displacement sensors (ECDSs) are widely used owing to the advantages of non-contact sensing, compact volume, and resistance to harsh conditions. To solve the nonlinear characteristics of the sensors, a high-accuracy calibration method based on linearity adjustment is proposed for ECDSs in this paper, which markedly improves the calibration accuracy and then the measurement accuracy. After matching the displacement value and the output voltage of the sensors, firstly, the sensitivity is adjusted according to the specified output range. Then, the weighted support vector adjustment models with the optimal weight of the zero-scale, mid-scale and full-scale are established respectively to cyclically adjust the linearity of the output characteristic curve. Finally, the final linearity adjustment model is obtained, and both the calibration accuracy and precision are verified by the established calibration system. Experimental results show that the linearity of the output characteristic curve of ECDS adjusted by the calibration method reaches over 99.9%, increasing by 1.9–5.0% more than the one of the original. In addition, the measurement accuracy improves from 11–25 μ m to 1–10 μ m in the range of 6mm, which provides a reliable guarantee for high accuracy displacement measurement.

scholarly journals A SIMULATION MODEL FOR ROBOT’S SLIP DISPLACEMENT SENSORS

2016 ◽  
pp. 224-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuriy Kondratenko ◽  
Oleksandr Gerasin ◽  
Andriy Topalov
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
Field Programmable Gate Array ◽  
Hardware Implementation ◽  
Displacement Sensor ◽  
Clamping Force ◽  
Sensing System ◽  
Displacement Sensors ◽  
Field Programmable ◽  
Slip Displacement ◽  
Corrosive Environments

This paper deals with a simulation model of slip displacement sensors for the object slip signals’ registration in the adaptive robot’s gripper. The study presents the analysis of different methods for slip displacement signals detection, as well as authors’ solutions. Special attention is paid to the investigations of the developed sensor with the resistive registration element in rod type structure of sensitive elements, which is able to operate in harsh and corrosive environments. A sensing system for the object slip signals’ registration in the adaptive robot’s gripper with a clamping force correction is developed for proposed slip displacement sensor with multi-component resistive registration elements. The hardware implementation of the sensing system for slip signals’ registration and obtained results are considered in details. The simulation model of the proposed slip displacement sensor based on polytypic conductive rubber is modeled by Proteus software. The intelligent approaches with the use of a field programmable gate array (FPGA) and VHDL-model to the sensing system designing allow to define the slippage direction in slip displacement sensor based on resistive registration elements. Thus, this expands the functionality of the developed sensor.

scholarly journals Diagnostics of the Internal Combustion Engines Operation by Measurement of Crankshaft Instantaneous Angular Speed

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 281-295
Author(s):  
Mirosław Dereszewski ◽  
Grzegorz Sikora
Keyword(s):  
Rotational Speed ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Relative Displacement ◽  
Angular Speed ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
External Disturbances ◽  
Active Measurement ◽  
First Results

Abstract Diagnostics based on measuring of crankshaft instantaneous rotational speed allows precise location of damage to the injection system and detection of external disturbances. Active measurement of instantaneous rotational speed requires use of equipment with high sensitivity, permanent assembly at the ends of the crankshaft and the analysis of a very large amount of data. Presented method can be used for measurement of torsional vibration of crankshaft, indirectly through simultaneous measurement of the width of the pulses generated by the encoder disks. Momentary, relative displacement of both disks determines the angle of temporary crankshaft twisting. This paper presents first results of pulse width measurement, obtained by using described system.

Fault Tolerant and Nano Displacement Drive Control Method of Photoelectric Motor for Battery Electric Vehicle

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 293-302
Author(s):  
Weiping Liu ◽  
Zhaofeng Wang ◽  
Ximing Zhang ◽  
Yulin Wang ◽  
Bochun Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Displacement Sensor ◽  
Battery Electric Vehicle ◽  
Position Sensor ◽  
Low Resolution ◽  
Rotor Position ◽  
Displacement Sensors ◽  
Position Signal ◽  
Three Phase

The low-resolution photoelectric position sensor is used, that is, Hall position sensor replaces the traditional photoelectric encoder and other high-resolution position sensors to monitor the rotor position. However, because the three-phase Hall position sensor can only output six position signals, a hardware circuit design of low-resolution position sensor monitoring rotor position signal is proposed. Meanwhile, nanotechnology has been introduced in the study of micro drive of battery electric vehicle (BEV). BEV driver has some disadvantages such as hysteresis, creep and nonlinearity, which seriously affects its application in nano environment. A nano displacement sensor is designed for the characteristics of BEV driver. The nonlinear problem of micro driver is solved through the closed-loop control of position feedback. In the test, through the verification of rotor position and current waveform, it can be proved that the method based on photoelectric position sensor and rotor position signal monitoring can ensure the low deviation of rotor position calculation and correct output signal of three-phase photoelectric position sensor. The decoupling performance of vector control is verified by 3/2 transformation. In the displacement detection of micro driver, the designed nano displacement sensor has higher resolution and its performance is better than that of the previous three generations of displacement sensors.

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