Eating in the City: A Review of the Literature on Food Insecurity and Indigenous People Living in Urban Spaces

Informal settlements in rapidly-growing African cities are urban and peri-urban spaces with high rates of formal unemployment, poverty, poor health outcomes, limited service provision, and chronic food insecurity. Traditional concepts of food deserts developed to describe North American and European cities do not accurately capture the realities of food inaccessibility in Africa’s urban informal food deserts. This paper focuses on a case study of informal settlements in the Namibian capital, Windhoek, to shed further light on the relationship between informality and food deserts in African cities. The data for the paper was collected in a 2016 survey and uses a sub-sample of households living in shack housing in three informal settlements in the city. Using various standard measures, the paper reveals that the informal settlements are spaces of extremely high food insecurity. They are not, however, food deprived. The proximity of supermarkets and open markets, and a vibrant informal food sector, all make food available. The problem is one of accessibility. Households are unable to access food in sufficient quantity, quality, variety, and with sufficient regularity.

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Ibero-American Architecture and Urbanism

The Oxford Handbook of the Baroque ◽

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190678449.013.43 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 285-311

Author(s):

Paul Niell

Keyword(s):

Material Culture ◽

New World ◽

Human Subjects ◽

Urban Spaces ◽

Counter Reformation ◽

American Architecture ◽

Political Norms ◽

The City

The Baroque in Ibero-American Architecture and Urbanism, in parts of the Americas formerly comprising the Spanish and Portuguese empires, has been traditionally studied as a question of adherence to or deviation from a Counter-Reformation style promoted primarily by ecclesiastical institutions. This article expands upon what is meant by “Baroque” in the architecture and urbanism of the Iberian empires in the Americas. Through the analysis of urban plans, images of the city, architectural interiors and exteriors, physical urban spaces, and other forms of material culture, this article argues that Ibero-American architecture and urbanism in the age of the Baroque belonged to a phenomenon of ordering and thereby creating the “New World” as ideologically constituted colonial spaces that reified social and political norms. Furthermore, human subjects actively negotiated the spaces created by architecture and the city, making the American Baroque also part of a process of negotiating order and thereby producing American spaces.

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THE FREEDOM OF THE AESTHETIC: MONTSERRAT ROIG’S USE OF THE CITY IN RAMONA, ADÉU

Catalan Review ◽

10.3828/catr.21.4 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 87-99

Author(s):

Caragh Wells

Keyword(s):

Literary Criticism ◽

Urban Space ◽

Critical Analysis ◽

Urban Spaces ◽

Female Characters ◽

The Social ◽

Catalan Literature ◽

The Aesthetic ◽

The City

This article suggests that over recent decades Catalan literary criticism has paid too little attention to the aesthetic attributes of Catalan literature and emphasised the social, political and cultural at the expense of discussions of narrative poetics. Through an analysis of Montserrat Roig’s metaphorical use of the city in her first novel Ramona, adéu, I put forward the view that the aesthetic features of Catalan literature need to be re-claimed. This article provides a critical analysis of the aesthetic importance of Roig’s representation of the city in her first novel and argues that she uses Barcelona as a critical tool through which to explore questions of both female emancipation and aesthetic freedom. Following a detailed discussion of Roig’s descriptions of how her female characters interact with particular urban spaces, I examine how Roig makes subtle shifts in her semantic register during these narrative accounts when her prose moves into the realm of the poetic. I conclude that this technique enables us to read her accounts of urban space as metaphors for aesthetic freedom and are inextricably linked to her wider concerns on the importance of liberating Catalan literature from the discourse of political nationalism.

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COVID-19 pandemic and the poor in the urban spaces of India with special reference to Mumbai

Equality Diversity and Inclusion An International Journal ◽

10.1108/edi-07-2020-0196 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽

Author(s):

Sujayita Bhattacharjee ◽

Sanjukta Sattar

Keyword(s):

Special Reference ◽

Urban Poor ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Urban Spaces ◽

Right To The City ◽

Content Type ◽

The Poor ◽

The Social ◽

Socioeconomic Crisis ◽

The City

PurposeThe lives of the poor in the urban spaces of India are filled with hardships. They live amidst poverty and struggle to survive within other problems such as insecure jobs, lack of proper housing, unsanitary conditions and low levels of health immunity. This vulnerable section of the population has been rendered furthermore vulnerable by the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic in ways that were never imagined before. Taking this into consideration, the purpose of this article is to examine the vulnerability of the poor in the urban settings of India with special reference to Mumbai in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.Design/methodology/approachThe methodology adopted in the study is based on the analysis of secondary data and content analysis of the existing literature. In addition to this, the study also makes use of certain narratives of the urban poor in Mumbai that have been captured by various articles, reports and blogs.FindingsThe findings of the study reveal how the urban poor of India, with special reference to Mumbai, the financial capital of India, has emerged as the worst sufferers of the socioeconomic crisis caused by the social distancing and lockdown measures imposed for combating the pandemic.Originality/valueThe study tries to explore the reality of the urban poor's right to the city in the wake of the pandemic.

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The Role of Urban Morphology Design on Enhancing Physical Activity and Public Health

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17072359 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (7) ◽

pp. 2359 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Sadegh Fathi ◽

Hassan Sajadzadeh ◽

Faezeh Mohammadi Sheshkal ◽

Farshid Aram ◽

Gergo Pinter ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Physical Activity ◽

Space Syntax ◽

Urban Morphology ◽

Physical Activities ◽

Urban Spaces ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

The City

Along with environmental pollution, urban planning has been connected to public health. The research indicates that the quality of built environments plays an important role in reducing mental disorders and overall health. The structure and shape of the city are considered as one of the factors influencing happiness and health in urban communities and the type of the daily activities of citizens. The aim of this study was to promote physical activity in the main structure of the city via urban design in a way that the main form and morphology of the city can encourage citizens to move around and have physical activity within the city. Functional, physical, cultural-social, and perceptual-visual features are regarded as the most important and effective criteria in increasing physical activities in urban spaces, based on literature review. The environmental quality of urban spaces and their role in the physical activities of citizens in urban spaces were assessed by using the questionnaire tool and analytical network process (ANP) of structural equation modeling. Further, the space syntax method was utilized to evaluate the role of the spatial integration of urban spaces on improving physical activities. Based on the results, consideration of functional diversity, spatial flexibility and integration, security, and the aesthetic and visual quality of urban spaces plays an important role in improving the physical health of citizens in urban spaces. Further, more physical activities, including motivation for walking and the sense of public health and happiness, were observed in the streets having higher linkage and space syntax indexes with their surrounding texture.

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Sensing the (media) city

Journal of Urban Cultural Studies ◽

10.1386/jucs_00038_1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 135-144

Author(s):

Anna Notaro

Keyword(s):

Social Engagement ◽

Human Heart ◽

Emotional Responses ◽

Urban Spaces ◽

Research Association ◽

Interactive Art ◽

Sensory Environment ◽

The Media ◽

Radical Construction ◽

The City

This article, originally delivered at the 16th international conference of the Architectural Humanities Research Association (University of Dundee, November 2019), seeks to engage with the ‘emotive’, ‘sensorial’ and ‘affective turn’, as defined by authors in the humanities, social and cultural studies in order to consider the emotional responses to the mediated experiences of place and to inquire into how individuals and collectives react to a changing sensory environment. It adopts a multi-disciplinary approach that blends historical, cultural and mediated dimensions of urban spaces and places while maintaining a focus on the kind of locative/interactive art which is less concerned with representation and more with radical construction, social engagement and communication. The purpose is to try and provide an answer to the question: what does ‘sensing the city’ exactly entail when the city’s form, as Baudelaire memorably put it, ‘changes faster than the human heart?’

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NARRATIVAS SOBRE O DIREITO À EDUCAÇÃO EM DISPUTA: luzes antropológicas para compreender as mobilizações juvenis

Revista Políticas Públicas ◽

10.18764/2178-2865.v23n2p586-604 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

pp. 586

Author(s):

Valdeci Reis

Keyword(s):

Buenos Aires ◽

Educational Institutions ◽

Review Of The Literature ◽

Right To Education ◽

National Education ◽

The Social ◽

De Se ◽

Ethnographic Data ◽

The Right ◽

The City

Estudo etnográfico, com revisão de literatura sobre a construção social do conceito juventude, tem como objetivo relatar e analisar narrativas juvenis em torno do direito à educação. A análise empírica seleciona duas ondas de mobilizações protagonizadas por jovens estudantes: Atos em defesa das Universidades e Institutos Federais ocorridos na cidade de Florianópolis-SC; Na capital da Argentina, Buenos Aires, a narrativa etnográfica se debruça na análise de mobilizações protagonizadas por jovens portenhos que tomaram as ruas exigindo a manutenção da Ley Nacional de Educación, além de se posicionarem radicalmente contra as medidas de austeridade anunciadas pelo Governo Maurício Macri. A análise dos dados etnográficos aponta que a pauta em defesa da educação é capaz de unir coletivos e organizações dos mais variados espectros ideológicos.Palavras-chave: Juventude. Neoliberalismo. Participação social. Etnografia. América Latina.NARRATIVES ON THE RIGHT TO EDUCATION IN DISPUTE: anthropological lights to understand youth mobilizationsAbstractEthnographic study, with a review of the literature on the social construction of the concept of youth, in order to report and analyze youth narratives around the right to education.The empirical analysis selected two waves of mobilizations carried out by young students: Acts in defense of public educational institutions occurred in the city of Florianópolis-SC, Brazil;In the capital of Argentina, Buenos Aires, the ethnographic narrative focused on the analysis of mobilizations carried out by young people who went to the streets demanding the maintenance of the “National Education Law”, as well as to stand radicallyagainst the austerity measures announced by the MaurícioMacri Government. The analysis of the ethnographic data indicates that the agenda in defense of education is capable of uniting collectives and organizations affiliated to the mostdiverse ideological currents.Keywords: Youth. Neoliberalism. Social participation. Ethnography. Latin America.

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Seasted Floating City. Innovative Development of a New City Model

Ciencia y tecnología de buques ◽

10.25043/19098642.137 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 10 (19) ◽

pp. 9

Author(s):

Lina K. Suárez

Keyword(s):

Medical Tourism ◽

Economic Incentive ◽

Real Estate Market ◽

Urban Spaces ◽

Marine Habitat ◽

Organizational System ◽

Market Growth ◽

City Model ◽

New City ◽

The City

Seastead is a floating city experiment for international waters based on economic studies carried out by the Seasteading Institute, which seeks to increase real estate market growth, driven by an economic incentive dedicated to medical tourism, aquaculture, technology incubators, and support platforms for offshore rigs. A new pre-conceptual model of a floating city was created, conceptualizing an analysis of the floating habitat as a means for development and expansion. is new habitat style was designed taking into account considerations of the marine habitat, current habitats, utopian projects and studies regarding the expansion of urban spaces. e city was designed on a semi-submersible offshore platform chosen through a parametric model made by the Seasteading Institute, which allowed for a final modular array comprised by 300 containers organized by a crane system, this being the organizational system of the city.

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Possibilities of applying the concept of “winter city” in the Russian Arctic (on the example of the city of Nadym)

Arctic Ecology and Economy ◽

10.25283/2223-4594-2021-2-291-303 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 291-303

Author(s):

R.Y. Fedorov ◽

◽

O.S. Sizov ◽

V.V. Kuklina ◽

A.A. Lobanov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Urban Ecosystems ◽

Economic Life ◽

Urban Spaces ◽

Research Approach ◽

Spatial Mobility ◽

Public Places ◽

The Sustainable Development ◽

Natural Systems ◽

Post Industrial ◽

The City

On example of the city of Nadym, located in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Area, the authors consider the socio-ecological problems of the development of green, blue and white open urban spaces. The research approach presented in the article is based on the study of a multifaceted complex of urban social and natural systems in their integrated unity, not just as public places, but as biomes — highly integrated urban ecosystems. A posteriori the reserchers based on the materials of interviews conducted in 2020 with experts who in different years took part in the study or planned the development of the open urban spaces in Nadym, as well as on the analysis of available publications on this topic and publicly available data. The study found that factors such as the short summer, during which many residents leave the city, as well as the prevalence of freezing temperatures for almost eight months, in fact, transform the green and blue spaces of Nadym into white. This situation indicates the advisability of a more active appeal to the concept of a “winter city” in the development of the city urban environment. The application of the concept principles can be in demand in the process of creating more comfortable living conditions and spatial mobility of the Nadym residents, as well as for developing the recreational opportunities of the city open spaces and integrating them into the natural environment surrounding the city, which in general can be considered as one of the factors for the sustainable development of the city and the formation of post-industrial features in its socio-economic life.

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Produção do espaço urbano pelos homens ordinários: antropologia de dois micro-espaços na cidade de Salvador

ILUMINURAS ◽

10.22456/1984-1191.52637 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 15 (36) ◽

Author(s):

Urpi Montoya Uriarte

Keyword(s):

Urban Space ◽

Theoretical Background ◽

Ethnographic Study ◽

Urban Spaces ◽

Recent Theory ◽

Use Value ◽

Henri Lefebvre ◽

Production Of Space ◽

Differential Spaces ◽

The City

Este trabalho se insere no que se chama hoje de antropologia da cidade, que se preocupa com a forma como os citadinos – em sua condição alternada de usuários, moradores, transeuntes ou consumidores – fazem a cidade (Agier, 2011). Nossa compreensão de cidade está marcada pela recente teoria do espaço no interior da Geografia (Massey, 2012) e nossa compreensão da produção do espaço se baseia na teoria de Henri Lefebvre, especialmente em seu La production de l´espace (1974). Com esta bagagem teórica, propomos uma antropologia dos espaços urbanos preocupada com a forma como os espaços na cidade são produzidos por pessoas comuns ou homens ordinários. Os dados empíricos analisados provêm de uma etnografia de dois micro-espaços na cidade de Salvador. As leituras teóricas destes micro-espaços nos levam a afirmar a atualidade e força dos espaços diferenciais que emergem no espaço abstrato, a significação política dos espaços apropriados e a vigência do valor de uso e as relações costumeiras na cidade contemporânea.Palavras-chave: Espaços urbanos. Produção do espaço. Espaços diferenciais. Apropriação de espaços. Valor de uso.Production of urban space by ordinary men: anthropology of two micro-spaces in the city of SalvadorAbstractThis work is part of what is today called anthropology of the city, that is concerned with how the townspeople – in their alternating condition of users, residents, bystanders or consumers – make the city (Agier, 2011). Our understanding of the city is marked by the recent theory of space inside the geography (Massey, 2012) and our understanding of the production of space is based on the theory of Henri Lefebvre, especially in its The production of the space (1974). With this theoretical background, we propose an anthropology of urban spaces concerned with how the spaces in the city are made by ordinary people or ordinary men . The data analyzed come from an ethnographic study of two micro-spaces in the city of Salvador. The theoretical interpretations of these micro-spaces lead us to affirm the relevance and strength of differential spaces that emerge in the abstract space, the political significance of the appropriate spaces and the duration of use value and customary relations in the contemporary city.Keywords: Urban spaces. Production of space. Differential spaces. Appropriation of spaces. Use value.

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