scholarly journals Engagement in Healthcare Systems: Adopting Digital Tools for a Sustainable Approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Letizia Lo Presti ◽  
Mario Testa ◽  
Vittoria Marino ◽  
Pierpaolo Singer
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Digital Health ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Social Sustainability ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
Digital Platform ◽  
Contact Points

The rapid development of new technologies has created interesting and unexpected possibilities in e-health, and digital platforms have become widespread, connecting users, experts, and practitioners of the health world. This triggered our investigation into the relationship between the engagement platforms used by 293 doctors with various specializations, their satisfaction, and the dimensions of social sustainability in the healthcare sector. The research focused on professional interaction and its sphere of action in engagement platforms, defined as virtual contact points for exchanging information, thus increasing the co-creation of value between physicians and patients. In order to verify our hypothesis, a health digital platform called paginemediche.it was used, and the two dimensions of engagement and sustainability were considered, examining their causal relationship and evaluating their effects on physician loyalty in terms of the re-use of the digital platform by doctors. Our results, using a multiple linear regression analysis, showed that the social sustainability of the digital health platform was directly influenced by online engagement, generating a positive effect on physician loyalty. In particular, the human dimension of social sustainability proved to be decisive for the re-use of the platform.

Prospects and role of digital technologies in Russian healthcare reforming

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-86
Author(s):  
V.I. Yudin ◽  
◽  
O.V. Shirokova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare System ◽  
Data Exchange ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Digital Health ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
Laboratory Research ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Internet Resources ◽  
Digital Medicine

Background. Modern digital technologies use can solve many problems of Russian healthcare system. The digital medicine development should be accompanied by the informatization of all participants of the process of providing medical services. Analysis and assessment of the changes taking place in society and in the health care system itself in digitalization terms are necessary for making effective management decisions aimed at improving the population health. Purpose. The purpose of this study is to analyze the digital medicine state and prospects for the development. Materials and methods. The analysis of foreign and domestic literature on digital medicine was used to identify current trends in this area and the variety of technologies used. The data analysis from public opinion polls gave an idea of the main problems of Russian healthcare. The study of Internet resources, like information and discussion platforms for medical professionals, as well as survey data, made it possible to identify the main aspects of the informatization process in the healthcare system. Results and discussion. There were highlighted: the main advantages of information technologies use in the healthcare sector, the priority areas for the digital medicine short term development, the level of understanding of telemedicine among healthcare workers, the main areas of discussion regarding digital medical technologies, as well as important problems, risks and trends in this area. Conclusion. The authors identified eight promising areas for the digital medicine short term development. The study of Internet resources has shown that medical social networks are an important channel for healthcare informatization, including professional adaptation, especially of young specialists, to work with new technologies. The Internet also allows physicians to expand their professional capabilities with the help of software products for laboratory research, diagnosis and treatment. All participants of the medical and related industries are actively entering the digitalization process, striving to create a unified system for electronic data exchange. The main problem that slows down the development of digital medicine in Russia and which needs to be addressed at the state level is ensuring data security. A key measure to solve this problem is information about digital health opportunities through social media. At the content creation level there must be built trust to this channel.

scholarly journals Digital Communication in Visceral Medicine: Regulatory Framework for Digital Communication

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Florian Burg ◽  
Armin Pscherer ◽  
Oliver G. Opitz
Keyword(s):  
Digital Communication ◽  
Digital Health ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Digital Tools ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Video Consultation ◽  
Leading Position ◽  
Health Applications

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Germany has seen rapid development in the digitization of medicine in recent years. Especially, the CO­VID-19 pandemic has dramatically accelerated this process. Nevertheless, it is accompanied by legal innovations that promote the application of digital tools as well as create respective remuneration options. Ultimately, this continued implementation of digital innovations and telemedicine approaches will lead to the improvement of care and the more efficient provision of medical services. <b><i>Summary:</i></b> The article primarily describes the development and current status of digitization using 2 key examples of telemedicine and digital innovations – video consultation and digital health applications. Starting with the liberalization of remote treatment options, video consultation gained many users, especially during the COVID pandemic. The introduction of digital health applications with the possibility of reimbursement by the statutory health insurance funds has put Germany in a leading position in international comparison in this respect. <b><i>Key Messages:</i></b> Digitization in healthcare offers enormous opportunities both to professionals working in the healthcare sector and to patients. However, in order to successfully use digital tools in practice, the legal, organizational, and financial framework must be clarified. All medical professionals are well advised to further qualify themselves in this area in order to keep pace with developments.

An old friend is better than two new ones? Approaches to market research in the context of digital transformation for the antitrust laws enforcement

2020 ◽  
pp. 37-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Shastitko ◽  
O. A. Markova
Keyword(s):  
Business Models ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Market Definition ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
Type Ii Errors

Digital transformation has led to changes in business models of traditional players in the existing markets. What is more, new entrants and new markets appeared, in particular platforms and multisided markets. The emergence and rapid development of platforms are caused primarily by the existence of so called indirect network externalities. Regarding to this, a question arises of whether the existing instruments of competition law enforcement and market analysis are still relevant when analyzing markets with digital platforms? This paper aims at discussing advantages and disadvantages of using various tools to define markets with platforms. In particular, we define the features of the SSNIP test when being applyed to markets with platforms. Furthermore, we analyze adjustment in tests for platform market definition in terms of possible type I and type II errors. All in all, it turns out that to reduce the likelihood of type I and type II errors while applying market definition technique to markets with platforms one should consider the type of platform analyzed: transaction platforms without pass-through and non-transaction matching platforms should be tackled as players in a multisided market, whereas non-transaction platforms should be analyzed as players in several interrelated markets. However, if the platform is allowed to adjust prices, there emerges additional challenge that the regulator and companies may manipulate the results of SSNIP test by applying different models of competition.

The Synergy between CRISPR and Chemical Engineering

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 147-171
Author(s):  
Cia-Hin Lau ◽  
Chung Tin
Keyword(s):  
Viral Vectors ◽  
Chemical Engineering ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Genetic Circuits ◽  
Viral Packaging ◽  
Conditional Control ◽  
Logic Operations

Gene therapy and transgenic research have advanced quickly in recent years due to the development of CRISPR technology. The rapid development of CRISPR technology has been largely benefited by chemical engineering. Firstly, chemical or synthetic substance enables spatiotemporal and conditional control of Cas9 or dCas9 activities. It prevents the leaky expression of CRISPR components, as well as minimizes toxicity and off-target effects. Multi-input logic operations and complex genetic circuits can also be implemented via multiplexed and orthogonal regulation of target genes. Secondly, rational chemical modifications to the sgRNA enhance gene editing efficiency and specificity by improving sgRNA stability and binding affinity to on-target genomic loci, and hence reducing off-target mismatches and systemic immunogenicity. Chemically-modified Cas9 mRNA is also more active and less immunogenic than the native mRNA. Thirdly, nonviral vehicles can circumvent the challenges associated with viral packaging and production through the delivery of Cas9-sgRNA ribonucleoprotein complex or large Cas9 expression plasmids. Multi-functional nanovectors enhance genome editing in vivo by overcoming multiple physiological barriers, enabling ligand-targeted cellular uptake, and blood-brain barrier crossing. Chemical engineering can also facilitate viral-based delivery by improving vector internalization, allowing tissue-specific transgene expression, and preventing inactivation of the viral vectors in vivo. This review aims to discuss how chemical engineering has helped improve existing CRISPR applications and enable new technologies for biomedical research. The usefulness, advantages, and molecular action for each chemical engineering approach are also highlighted.

scholarly journals Digitally-enabled approach to improving primary care in a rural and remote low-resource setting

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
L Ansell
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Digital Health ◽  
Health Priorities ◽  
Rural And Remote ◽  
Low Resource Settings ◽  
Digital Platform ◽  
Low Resource ◽  
Out Of Pocket Payments

Abstract Introduction An innovative digitally-supported multi-sectoral solution for supporting end-to-end primary care for rural and remote low-income populations in Western Visayas, Philippines was examined to determine its efficacy in supporting health access. This solution brings together multisectoral stakeholders using a digital platform to coordinate the provision of a virtual primary care system. The solution also supports ordering and delivery of low-cost insurance and medicines, with the aim of reducing out-of-pocket payments and complementing public-sector services. Methods Processes and outputs for a novel data-driven digital health solution were documented and analyzed through a mixed methods approach. Researchers conducted interviews with a range of stakeholders, including program beneficiaries and partners. Quantitative data focusing on the project outputs were also examined. Results Through an integrated digital platform to coordinate inputs from the public sector (Department of Health); private sector (pharmaceutical, insurance, and telecom firms); and community (in the form of a peer-worker network), this model offers an example of an innovative approach to primary health delivery in low-resource settings. These inputs are leveraged and informed by a 'big-data' precision approach, based on detailed epidemiological profiles of community residents. This dataset allows for the evidence-based identification of village-specific health priorities and development of corresponding interventions. This approach has contributed to increased access to medicines; affordability of medicines and health services; and community resilience among the target populations. However, barriers involving a local shortage of health human resources and cumbersome eHealth regulations affect program impact. Conclusions This research provides evidence for the scale-up of a multisectoral digital approach to support the implementation of UHC targets in Philippines. Key messages Implementing digital health solutions in low-resource settings is possible. Changes are needed in Philippines health regulations for digital health to properly support UHC implementation.

scholarly journals Digital Platform Ecosystems as Living Labs for Sustainable Entrepreneurship and Innovation: A Conceptual Model Proposal

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 6494
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Baran ◽  
Aleksandra Berkowicz
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Real Life ◽  
The Body ◽  
Innovation Development ◽  
Sustainable Entrepreneurship ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
Digital Platform ◽  
Living Labs ◽  
Platform Ecosystems ◽  
The Relationship

The main idea of the paper is to combine modern research methods (as living labs that enable research in a real-life setting) with the new technological opportunities for entrepreneurship and innovation development (as digital platforms) to search for innovative solutions, while addressing the sustainable development problems. Thus, the paper aims to explain how real value for society is created within digital platform ecosystems and how they employ to this end novel solutions that better address existing social problems. Consequently, it proposes a conceptual framework to research and develop sustainable entrepreneurship and innovation with the use of digital platforms. This research study takes a synthesizing conceptual approach that seeks to integrate the existing knowledge drawn on two major streams of research: living labs as a methodology and digital platform ecosystems to enrich the theory of sustainable entrepreneurship and innovation development. The paper contributes to the body of knowledge by proposing a novel conceptual model of digital platform ecosystems as living labs for sustainable entrepreneurship and innovation. The model depicts digital platform ecosystems examined as living labs and the implicit processes that include platform users in problem-solving and value-creation in real-life settings. The novelty of the model stems from framing these processes that capture the relationship between individuals and opportunities as the foundations of entrepreneurship and the relationship between the problem space and the solution space, where the opportunities occur.

scholarly journals An apple a day – how the platform economy impacts value creation in the healthcare market

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Gleiss ◽  
Marco Kohlhagen ◽  
Key Pousttchi
Keyword(s):  
Value Creation ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Healthcare Industry ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
Value Network ◽  
Healthcare Market ◽  
Network Analyses ◽  
The Social ◽  
Research Gap ◽  
Platform Economy

AbstractThe healthcare industry has been slow to adopt new technologies and practices. However, digital and data-enabled innovations diffuse the market, and the COVID-19 pandemic has recently emphasized the necessity of a fundamental digital transformation. Available research indicates the relevance of digital platforms in this process but has not studied their economic impact to date. In view of this research gap and the social and economic relevance of healthcare, we explore how digital platforms might affect value creation in this market with a particular focus on Google, Apple, Facebook, Amazon, and Microsoft (GAFAM). We rely on value network analyses to examine how GAFAM platforms introduce new value-creating roles and mechanisms in healthcare through their manifold products and services. Hereupon, we examine the GAFAM-impact on healthcare by scrutinizing the facilitators, activities, and effects. Our analyses show how GAFAM platforms multifacetedly untie conventional relationships and transform value creation structures in the healthcare market.

scholarly journals From automobile capitalism to platform capitalism: Toyotism as a prehistory of digital platforms

2021 ◽  
pp. 017084062110306
Author(s):  
Marc Steinberg
Keyword(s):  
Automobile Industry ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
New Era ◽  
Data Intensive ◽  
New Organizational Forms ◽  
Production Practice ◽  
Industry Applications ◽  
Digital Artefact ◽  
The Relationship

This article explores the automotive lineage and manufacturing origins of platforms. Challenging prevailing assumptions that the platform is a digital artefact, and platform capitalism a new era, this article traces crucial elements of platform capitalism to Toyotist automobile manufacture in order to rethink the relationship between technology and organization. Arguing that the very terminology and industry applications of the ‘platform’ emerge from the automobile industry over the course of the 20th century, this article cautions against the uncritical adoption of epochal paradigms, or assumptions that new technologies require new organizational forms. By parsing the platform into two types, the stack and the intermediary, this article demonstrates how the platform concept and data-driven production practice both develop out of the Toyota Production System in particular, and American and Japanese analyses of it. Toyotism, we show, is the unseen industrial and epistemological background against which the platform economy plays out. In making this case, this article highlights the crucial continuities between the data intensive production of companies like Uber and Amazon – emblematic of digital platform capitalism – and the organizational paradigms of the automobile industry. At a moment when the automobile returns to prominence amidst platforms such as Uber, Didi Chuxing, or Waymo, and as we find tech companies turning to automobile manufacturing, this automotive lineage of the platform offers a crucial reminder of the automotive origins of what we now call platform capitalism.

scholarly journals Metagenomics, gene discovery and the ideal biocatalyst

2004 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 298-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.A. Cowan ◽  
A. Arslanoglu ◽  
S.G. Burton ◽  
G.C. Baker ◽  
R.A. Cameron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Gene Discovery ◽  
Metagenomic Library ◽  
Metagenomic Sequencing ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Enzyme Screening ◽  
Specific Amplification ◽  
The Ideal

With the rapid development of powerful protein evolution and enzyme-screening technologies, there is a growing belief that optimum conditions for biotransformation processes can be established without the constraints of the properties of the biocatalyst. These technologies can then be applied to find the ‘ideal biocatalyst’ for the process. In identifying the ideal biocatalyst, the processes of gene discovery and enzyme evolution play major roles. However, in order to expand the pool genes for in vitro evolution, new technologies, which circumvent the limitations of microbial culturability, must be applied. These technologies, which currently include metagenomic library screening, gene-specific amplification methods and even full metagenomic sequencing, provide access to a volume of ‘sequence space’ that is not addressed by traditional screening.

scholarly journals A Comprehensive Survey on Cyber-Physical Smart Grid Testbed Architectures: Requirements and Challenges

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1043
Author(s):  
Abdallah A. Smadi ◽  
Babatunde Tobi Ajao ◽  
Brian K. Johnson ◽  
Hangtian Lei ◽  
Yacine Chakhchoukh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smart Grid ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Smart Grids ◽  
Data Exchange ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Time Data

The integration of improved control techniques with advanced information technologies enables the rapid development of smart grids. The necessity of having an efficient, reliable, and flexible communication infrastructure is achieved by enabling real-time data exchange between numerous intelligent and traditional electrical grid elements. The performance and efficiency of the power grid are enhanced with the incorporation of communication networks, intelligent automation, advanced sensors, and information technologies. Although smart grid technologies bring about valuable economic, social, and environmental benefits, testing the combination of heterogeneous and co-existing Cyber-Physical-Smart Grids (CP-SGs) with conventional technologies presents many challenges. The examination for both hardware and software components of the Smart Grid (SG) system is essential prior to the deployment in real-time systems. This can take place by developing a prototype to mimic the real operational circumstances with adequate configurations and precision. Therefore, it is essential to summarize state-of-the-art technologies of industrial control system testbeds and evaluate new technologies and vulnerabilities with the motivation of stimulating discoveries and designs. In this paper, a comprehensive review of the advancement of CP-SGs with their corresponding testbeds including diverse testing paradigms has been performed. In particular, we broadly discuss CP-SG testbed architectures along with the associated functions and main vulnerabilities. The testbed requirements, constraints, and applications are also discussed. Finally, the trends and future research directions are highlighted and specified.

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