scholarly journals Internal Coordinated Development of China's Urbanization and its Spatiotemporal Evolution

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 626 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liangzhen Zang ◽  
Yiqing Su
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
River Delta ◽  
Spatial Data Analysis ◽  
Western China ◽  
Spatiotemporal Evolution ◽  
Coordinated Development ◽  
Urbanization Development ◽  
Coordination Degree

High urbanization quality, predominantly determined by the degree of internal coordinated development, is the most important factor in promoting urbanization development. Based on the panel data of 283 Chinese cities from 2007 to 2016, this paper analysed the internal coordination degree, spatial distribution and spatiotemporal evolution of urbanization using the methods of range standardization, entropy, and coupling and coordination models, as well as exploratory spatial data analysis. We found the following results: (1) The internal coordination degree of China’s urbanization was at a low level for a long time, but it presented a gradually increasing trend; (2) The internal coordinated development of urbanization exhibited an obvious spatial agglomeration. Specifically, it displayed a stepped pattern with a higher internal coordination degree in eastern China, a lower degree in western China, and a spatial distribution with multi-centre agglomeration and diffusion. (3) The spatial distribution of the internal coordinated development of urbanization was stable in most regions of China, only changing in a few. (4) The growth rate of the internal coordination degree of China’s urbanization presented the pattern of a dotted distribution, while the growth rate in western China was higher than in central and eastern China. The spatiotemporal evolution relates to the policies changes of China’s urbanization. In particular, the urbanization in China transfers its focus from population transfer to the development of quality from 2007 to 2016. To promote the sustainable and healthy development of China's new urbanization, Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region, Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta shall focus on accelerating the transformation of economic development mode; The provinces located around the above three regions shall strengthen the upgrading and promotion of basic public services. The northeast and central provinces shall speed up the innovation of systems and mechanisms and gradually release the potential of urbanization development by promoting the mobility of urban population, and the vast majority of provinces in Western China shall further improve the spatial development potential for urbanization.

scholarly journals Unbalanced Development Characteristics and Driving Mechanisms of Regional Urban Spatial form: A Case Study of Jiangsu Province, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 3121
Author(s):  
Guoping Xiong ◽  
Xin Cao ◽  
Nicholas A. S. Hamm ◽  
Tao Lin ◽  
Guoqin Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Regional Development ◽  
Driving Factors ◽  
Spatial Expansion ◽  
Spatial Form ◽  
Coordinated Development ◽  
Urbanization Level ◽  
Driving Mechanisms ◽  
Urbanization Development ◽  
Southern Jiangsu

Unbalanced regional development is widespread, and the imbalance of regional development in developing countries with rapid urbanization is increasingly apparent. This threatens the sustainable development of the region. Promoting the coordinated development of the region has become a hot spot of scientific research and a major practical need. Taking 99 counties of Jiangsu Province China, a typical coastal plain region, as the basic research unit, this paper explores the unbalanced development characteristics of the regional urban spatial form using three indicators: urban spatial expansion size, development intensity, and distribution aggregation degree. Then, their driving mechanisms were evaluated using spatial autocorrelation analysis, Pearson correlation analysis, linear regression, and geographically weighted regression. Our results found that the areas with larger urban spatial expansion size and development intensity were mainly concentrated in southern Jiangsu, where there was a positive spatial correlation between them. We found no agglomeration phenomenon in urban spatial distribution aggregation degree. From the perspective of driving factors: economics was the main driving factor of urban spatial expansion size; urbanization level and urbanization quality were the main driving factors of urban spatial development intensity. Natural landform and urbanization level are the main driving factors of urban spatial distribution aggregation degree. Finally, we discussed the optimization strategy of regional coordinated development. The quality of urbanization development and regional integration should be promoted in Southern Jiangsu. The level of urbanization development should be improved relying on rapid transportation to develop along the axis in central Jiangsu. The economic size should be increased, focusing on the expansion of the urban agglomeration in northern Jiangsu. This study will enrich the perspective of research on the characteristics and mechanisms of regional urban spatial imbalance, and helps to optimize and regulate the imbalance of regional urban development from multiple perspectives.

scholarly journals Are precipitation anomalies associated with aerosol variations over Eastern China?

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangde Xu ◽  
Xueliang Guo ◽  
Tianliang Zhao ◽  
Xingqin An ◽  
Yang Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Interannual Variability ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Interdecadal Variation ◽  
Aerosol Concentration ◽  
Atmospheric Environment ◽  
Western China ◽  
Light Rain ◽  
Extreme Precipitation Events ◽  
Precipitation Events

Abstract. In Eastern China (EC), strong anthropogenic emissions deteriorate the atmospheric environment harbored by the upstream Tibetan and Loess Plateaus, building a south-north zonal distribution of high anthropogenic aerosols. This research analyzed the interannual variability of precipitations with different intensities in the EC region from 1961 to 2010. We found that the frequency of light rain significantly decreased and the occurrence of rainstorm, especially the extraordinary rainstorm significantly increased over the recent decades. The extreme precipitation events presented the same interannual variability pattern with the frequent haze events. Moreover, the extreme rainfall events of various intensities showed a regular interannual variability trend. During the 1980s, the regional precipitation trends in EC showed an obvious "transform" from more light rain to more extreme rainstorms. The running correlation analysis of interdecadal variation further verified that the correlation between the increasing aerosol emissions and the frequency of abnormal precipitation events tended to be more significant in the EC. The correlation between atmospheric visibility and low cloud amounts, which are both closely related with aerosol concentrations, had a spatial distribution of "northern positive and southern negative" pattern, and the spatial distribution of the frequency variability of regional rainstorms was "southern positive and northern negative". After the 1990s, the visibility in summer season deteriorated more remarkably than other seasons, and the light rain frequency decreased obviously while the rainstorm and extraordinary heavy rainfall occurred more frequently. There were significant differences in the interdecadal variation trends in light rain and rainstorm events between the high aerosol concentration areas in the EC and the relatively "clean area" in western China. The aircraft measurements over the EC confirmed that the diameters of cloud droplets decreased under high aerosol concentration condition, thereby inhibiting weak precipitation process.

Study on Coastal Zone Sustainable Development and its Application

2012 ◽  
Vol 170-173 ◽  
pp. 2280-2283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Tao Nie ◽  
Jian Hua Tao ◽  
Min Du
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Zone ◽  
Development Trend ◽  
Efficiency Index ◽  
Bohai Bay ◽  
Coordinated Development ◽  
Urbanization Development ◽  
Rapid Industrialization ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Development Trend ◽  
Coordination Degree

Rapid industrialization and urbanization development had brought a serious challenge for coastal zone in China. A coastal management model had been set up for coastal zone, the coordination degree and coordinated development model were adopted to analyze the development trend. The results show that the gap between the environment comprehensive efficiency index and economic efficiency index is getting bigger and bigger for Bohai Bay coastal zone.

scholarly journals A Climatology and Extreme Value Analysis of Large Hail in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 148 (4) ◽  
pp. 1431-1447
Author(s):  
Xiang Ni ◽  
Andreas Muehlbauer ◽  
John T. Allen ◽  
Qinghong Zhang ◽  
Jiwen Fan
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Return Period ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Extreme Value ◽  
Western China ◽  
Extreme Value Analysis ◽  
Annual Maximum ◽  
Return Periods ◽  
Value Analysis

Abstract Hail size records are analyzed at 2254 stations in China and a hail size climatology is developed based on gridded hail observations for the period 1960–2015. It is found that the annual percentiles of hail size records changed sharply and national-wide after 1980, therefore two periods, 1960–79 and 1980–2015, are studied. There are some similarities between the two periods in terms of the characteristics of hail size such as the spatial distribution patterns of mean annual maximum hail size and occurrence week of annual maximum hail size. The 1980–2015 period had higher observation density than the 1960–79 period, but showed smaller mean annual maximum hail size, especially in northern China. In the majority of grid boxes, the annual maximum hail size experienced a decreasing trend during the 1980–2015 period. A Gumbel extreme value model is fitted to each grid box to estimate the return periods of maximum hail size. The scale and location parameter of the fitted Gumbel distributions are higher in eastern China than in western China, thereby reflecting a greater likelihood of large hail in eastern China. In southern China, the maximum hail size exceeds 127 mm for a 10-yr return period, whereas in northern China maximum hail size exceeds this threshold for a 50-yr return period. The Gumbel model is found to potentially underestimate the maximum hail size for certain return periods, but provides a more informed picture of the spatial distribution of extreme hail size and the regional differences.

scholarly journals A Novel Approach to Bridging Physical, Cultural, and Socioeconomic Indicators with Spatial Distributions of Agricultural Heritage Systems (AHS) in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (17) ◽  
pp. 6921
Author(s):  
Guilin Liu ◽  
Domenico M. Doronzo
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Western China ◽  
Socioeconomic Indicators ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Clustered Distributions

This paper aimed at analyzing the spatial distribution and variation of agricultural heritage systems (AHSs) in China. In particular, the spatial relationships between AHS sites and influencing factors were analyzed by employing a spatial analysis approach, i.e., solving for cause–effect relations. Then, two reasonable pathways for protecting AHSs were proposed following this methodology. The results showed that the number of AHS sites in eastern China was larger than in western China. This peculiar distribution is thought to be affected by distinctive natural resource endowments and sociocultural traits of local agricultural systems. Indeed, a series of natural, sociocultural, and economic factors were analyzed to reveal their relationships with AHSs. In China, AHS sites have excellent and unique natural conditions, and their clustered distributions positively correlate with the spatial distribution of high-quality agricultural products and the biological abundance index; on the other hand, they negatively correlate with the relief degree of the land surface and GDP. Further results showed that regions with AHSs were mainly located in rural areas of major Chinese cultural zones. In conclusion, two pathways of implementation of high-quality agricultural products and agro-tourism were proposed in order to play an integrated economic, social, and ecological function for protecting AHSs in China. These scientific findings may encourage local governments to protect AHSs and the transition of rural communities.

scholarly journals Coverage of China New Generation Weather Radar Network

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Min ◽  
Sheng Chen ◽  
Jonathan J. Gourley ◽  
Haonan Chen ◽  
Asi Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prediction Models ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Weather Prediction ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Weather Radar ◽  
River Delta ◽  
Western China ◽  
Tibet Plateau ◽  
China Meteorological Administration ◽  
New Generation

The China Meteorological Administration has deployed the China New Generation Weather Radar (CINRAD) network for severe weather detection and to improve initial conditions for numerical weather prediction models. The CINRAD network consists of 217 radars comprising 123 S-band and 94 C-band radars over mainland China. In this paper, a high-resolution digital elevation model (DEM) and beam propagation simulations are used to compute radar beam blockage and evaluate the effective radar coverage over China. Results show that the radar coverage at a height of 1 km above ground level (AGL) is restricted in complex terrain regions. The effective coverage maps at heights of 2 km and 3 km AGL indicate that the Yangtze River Delta, the Pearl River Delta, and North China Plain have more overlapping radar coverage than other regions in China. Over eastern China, almost all areas can be sampled by more than 2 radars within 5 km above mean sea level (MSL), but the radars operating in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau still suffer from serious beam blockage caused by intervening terrain. Overall, the radars installed in western China suffer from much more severe beam blockage than those deployed in eastern China. Maps generated in this study will inform users of the CINRAD data of their limitations for use in precipitation estimation, as inputs to other weather and hydrological models, and for satellite validation studies.

scholarly journals Spatial-Temporal Variance of Coupling Relationship between Population Modernization and Eco-Environment in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 991 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meicun Li ◽  
Chunmei Mao
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Ecological Environment ◽  
Regional Environment ◽  
The North ◽  
Temporal Variance ◽  
Coordination Degree

Steady population growth promotes economic and societal progress, and the symbiotic coordination between the ecological environment and the local population is the necessary requirement for realizing sustainability. We used population modernization and ecological environment data of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei from 2005 to 2016 to construct two index systems. We used the variation coefficient method, the coupling degree model, and a geographical detector to analyze the coordination degree of population modernization and the ecological environment. The results showed that: (1) From 2005 to 2016, the coupling degree was stable at a high level, the degree of coordination increased, and the growth rate decreased; (2) From the perspective of spatial distribution, the types of good harmony and high harmony were located in the middle, eastern, and western regions. The adjacent disorder and moderate disorder regions were distributed in the north and south sides; (3) Through influence detection, we found the main factors that influenced the spatial distribution of coordination degree were the natural population growth rate, health technicians/10,000 people, etc. These factors had some characteristics of space-time heterogeneity. Such results can contribute to the understanding of characteristics of population-environment development in different regions, promoting sustainable development of regional environment in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei.

scholarly journals Identification of Villages’ Development Types Using a Comprehensive Natural–Socioeconomic Framework

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 7294
Author(s):  
Yaqiu Liu ◽  
Jian Liu ◽  
Can Guo ◽  
Tingting Zhang ◽  
Ailing Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Summation Method ◽  
Development Level ◽  
Rural Revitalization ◽  
Urbanization Development ◽  
High Level ◽  
Comprehensive Framework ◽  
Coordination Degree

The establishment of a comprehensive framework to identify village development types is crucial to formulate plans for rural development and promote rural revitalization. This study proposed a natural–socioeconomic framework to identify the types of villages based on field survey, statistical data, and multi-source remote sensing images. The framework was constructed by combining the two-dimensional natural suitability/restriction evaluation and the four-dimensional socioeconomic development level evaluation. Then, the modified multiplication-weighted summation method and the coupling coordination degree algorithm were employed to identify the villages’ development types. A total of 774 villages of the Laiyang County, eastern China were used as the study areas to examine the framework. The results demonstrated the following. (1) There were 243,318 and 151 villages with high, moderate, low natural suitability, and 62 villages with natural restrictions; and 158,366 and 250 villages with high, moderate, and low economic development level, respectively. The distribution characteristic of natural evaluation was “high in the southwest and low in the northeast”, and the socioeconomic development level was generally centered on the urban area, which presented a “high–medium–low” circle-layer distribution structure. (2) There were 247 villages with high-level coupling coordination, 464 villages with intermediate coupling coordination, 1 village with low-level coupling coordination, and 62 villages with disordered coupling. (3) Based on the coupling coordination evaluation results, villages in the study area were grouped into five types: urbanization development (31%), construction development (16%), agglomeration linkage development (27%), decrease and improvement development (18%), and relocation and integration development (8%). The framework of villages’ development types identification established in this study can enrich the theory of rural geography, and the applied research results can provide a basis for rural revitalization and development planning.

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