scholarly journals The Impact of Government Role on High-Quality Innovation Development in Mainland China

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (20) ◽  
pp. 5780 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuanzhi Yang ◽  
Zhaofang Zhang ◽  
Wei Luo ◽  
Zhen Tang ◽  
Xin Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Role Theory ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Growth Trend ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Innovation Development ◽  
Super Efficiency ◽  
Dea Model ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Regional Perspective

Innovation serves as the first impetus for high-quality development. The role of government in promoting high-quality innovation development has become a chief driving force. Therefore, based on role theory, this paper will discuss the effect of different government roles on high-quality innovation development and regional alienation, providing policy recommendations for China. In this paper, firstly, a super-efficiency DEA model is introduced to measure the high-quality innovation development level among 30 provinces and municipalities in mainland China from 2010 to 2017. Secondly, a Tobit model is used to analyze the impact of different government roles on high-quality innovation development. The following conclusions are drawn through a super-efficiency DEA model: (1) From the holistic perspective, the high-quality innovation development in mainland China shows a fluctuating growth trend, but its level still needs improvement. (2) From the regional perspective, there is a patchwork pattern of ‘the eastern region ranks highest, followed by the western region and the middle region that stays at the lowest’. In addition, the three regions’ average of total factor productivity of high-quality innovation development has shown a smooth upward trend over the years. Then, the results of Tobit regression analysis are as follows: (1) Apart from the role in supporting talent, roles in constructing innovation platforms, cultivating the innovation environment, and coordinating social resources all pass the significance test. (2) Demands of different government roles vary significantly in different regions from the regional perspective. For the betterment of an innovation society, this paper puts forward suggestions according to different regional development statuses, such as shifting our focus from quantity to quality, strengthening cooperation among provinces and municipalities, and formulating appropriate governance role strategies.

scholarly journals Do Public-Private Partnerships Improve the Operational Efficiency of Infrastructure in Mainland China?

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Haicheng Xu ◽  
Xiao Wei ◽  
Bo Wang ◽  
Yan Cheng ◽  
Yijiao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Mainland China ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Operational Efficiency ◽  
Public Private Partnerships ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Sustainable Infrastructure ◽  
Economies In Transition ◽  
Toll Road ◽  
The Impact

Public-private partnerships (PPPs) are widely used to achieve sustainable infrastructure provision. The purpose of this research is to monitor the effects of PPPs in practice. This study calculated the operational efficiency of toll roads in Mainland China and examined the effect of the transformation from government operations to concession on their operational efficiency. The results showed that toll road operations were inefficient in terms of cost savings and that there were significant regional differences in the impact of concession on operational efficiency among three regions. Concession played a positive role in improving the operational efficiency in the eastern region; on the contrary, the influence was significantly negative in the western region. The effect on the central region was not significant. The results indicated that the efficiency advantages of concession were not given full play. The governments of economies in transition should pay more attention to the implementation environment of PPPs to make infrastructure operations more sustainable.

scholarly journals Research on the Impact of Technological Finance on Financial Stability: Based on the Perspective of High-Quality Economic Growth

Complexity ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 2022 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Lu Shen ◽  
Guohua He ◽  
Huan Yan
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Western China ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Shock Effect ◽  
Short Period ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Negative Shock

This paper investigates the relationship between technological finance, high-quality economic growth, and financial stability. Based on data of 30 provinces (including autonomous regions and municipalities) collected between 2004 and 2017, this paper adopts the method of factor analysis to construct comprehensive indexes of technological finance and financial stability before calculating green total factor productivity as the index of high-quality development, using the CRS Multiplicative Model. Then it constructs the spatial SAC model and PVAR model for analyses of the just-mentioned relationship based on the total sample of the nation and regional samples in eastern, middle, and western China, respectively. The results reveal that (1) All samples, whether the total national samples or regional samples of eastern, middle, and western China demonstrate the positive influence of technological finance on high-quality economic development, with an obvious spatial spillover effect. The impact factor is the highest in the eastern region, while the western region holds the lowest factor among the three. (2) Judging by the general national sample, technological finance has an obvious negative shock effect on financial stability within a short period, but the effect gradually dwindles as time goes by. This rule applies to the sample of the eastern region, as its technological finance poses a short-time negative shock effect on financial stability, before gradually diminishing to 0. Neither western nor middle regions have displayed an obvious shock impact on financial stability.

scholarly journals The Effect of Governance Quality on Economic Growth: Based on China’s Provincial Panel Data

Economies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiandang Liu ◽  
Jie Tang ◽  
Bo Zhou ◽  
Zhijun Liang
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Growth Effect ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Governance Quality ◽  
The Impact

This paper investigates the impact of governance quality on economic growth in China. After developing a theoretical framework for the effect of governance quality on local economic growth, this article studies the panel data in provincial regions over the period 2001–2015 by constructing a new comprehensive index of provincial governance, and checks the robustness of the empirical findings from four aspects. The results show that governance quality has a positive effect on economic growth, due to good governance strengthening the “helping hand” or weakening the “grabbing hand” of power. Governance quality presents diminishing marginal returns, which means that the high-speed economic growth effect becomes less and less, while the high-quality economic development effect becomes more and more. Higher governance quality could bring a high-speed economic growth effect in the western region, while higher governance quality could bring a high-quality economic development effect in the eastern region. Compared with fixed-asset investment, human capital has played a more important role in economic growth. In order to promote the sustainable development of China’s economy, policy makers should improve local governance quality, strengthen the capacity of independent innovation, and promote the accumulation of high-quality human capital.

scholarly journals Artificial Intelligence Assists the Construction of Quantitative Model for the High-Quality Development of Modern Enterprises

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Min Li ◽  
Zamira Madina
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Evaluation Model ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Quality Development ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Enterprise Value ◽  
Development Level ◽  
The Impact

Artificial intelligence companies are different from traditional labor-intensive and capital-intensive companies in that their core competitiveness lies in technology, knowledge, and manpower. Enterprises show the characteristics of a high proportion of intangible assets, strong profitability, and rapid growth. At the same time, there are also the characteristics of high risk and high uncertainty. In addition to the existing value brought by existing profitability, corporate value should also consider the potential value brought by potential profitability. Enterprise value is affected by many factors such as profitability, growth ability, innovation ability, and external environment. Traditional valuation techniques are often utilised to value artificial intelligence businesses in the present market. Traditional valuation methods ignore the dynamics and uncertainties of artificial intelligence enterprise value evaluation, make static and single predictions of future earnings, ignore the value of enterprise management flexibility, and are unable to assess the intrinsic value of artificial intelligence businesses. Based on the projection pursuit method, this paper constructs a modern high-quality development enterprise high-quality development evaluation model, uses real-code accelerated genetic algorithm to optimize the projection objective function, and calculates the best projection direction vector and projection value. The collected sample data can be imported into the evaluation model to calculate the comprehensive evaluation value of the high-quality development of modern high-quality development enterprises and the weights of various indicators included. By comparing the size of the comprehensive evaluation value, each sample can be calculated Evaluation of the level of high-quality development. The results show that the high-quality development level of China’s overall economy is on the rise, but the level of development is still low, and there is a large gap between the development level of the eastern region and the central and western regions. Using the systematic generalized moment estimation method, empirically, we analyse the impact of artificial intelligence on the high-quality economic development. The results show that artificial intelligence at the national level and in the central and western regions will significantly promote high-quality economic development, while artificial intelligence in the eastern region has a significant inhibitory effect on high-quality economic development.

Should Attitudinal Views toward Innovation Development Play a Role in Policy in Peripheral EU Regions?: New Evidence from Vouchers Program in Northern Ireland

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-137
Author(s):  
Sean M. McDonald ◽  
Remi C. Claire ◽  
Alastair H. McPherson
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Northern Ireland ◽  
Policy Design ◽  
Regional Economic Development ◽  
Innovation Development ◽  
Regional Economic ◽  
Eu Regions ◽  
Future Policy ◽  
The Impact ◽  
New Evidence

The impact and effectiveness of policies to support collaboration for Research & Development (R&D) and Innovation is critical to determining the success of regional economic development. (O’Kane, 2008) The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the level of success of the Innovation Vouchers Program operated by Invest Northern Ireland (Invest NI) from 2009 to 2013 and address if attitudinal views towards innovation development should play in a role in future policy design in peripheral EU regions. 

Here there Be Tygers: Profit, Non-profit, and Loss in the Age of Disintermediation

1997 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Scholarly Publishing ◽  
The Political ◽  
Quality Information ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
High Quality Information ◽  
Europe De L’Est ◽  
The Impact

Abstract: Scholarly publishing and access to high-quality information may in fact be threatened, rather than improved, by the revolution in communications, particularly in a fully commercial Internet. The effects of the political revolution in Eastern Europe on scholarship and quality publishing are used as a touchstone of the dangers that occur when naïve revolutionaries make swift changes without fully recognizing the impact upon delicately balanced social institutions such as non-profit organizations. Résumé: La révolution en communications, particulièrement en ce qui regarde un Internet commercialisé, plutôt que d'améliorer l'édition savante et l'accès à de l'information de haute qualité, pourrait en fait poser une menace pour ceux-ci. Cet article examine comment la révolution politique en Europe de l'Est a influé sur la recherche et l'édition de qualité. Il utilise cet exemple pour examiner les dangers que peuvent courir certains révolutionnaires naïfs quand ils instaurent des changements rapides san songer à leur impact sur des institutions sociales à équilibre délicat comme les organisations à but non lucratif.

The Impact of using 3D Interactive Animation Tool in Teaching Computer Programming at the Senior High School Level

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 18-28
Author(s):  
Najim Ussiph ◽  
Hamidu Kwame Seidu
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Instructional Method ◽  
Senior High School ◽  
School Level ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
3D Animation ◽  
High School Level ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

A quasi experiment with interview was adopted to study the aptness of using 3D animations as an instructional method to introduce programming concepts to students at the Senior High School level. This research work was conducted with 100 students of Akroso Senior High School in the Birim central municipality of the eastern region of Ghana who were generally programming novice. Programming concepts considered included programming environments, loops, functions sequential and conditional execution of programs. A paired t-test carried out on the results of the performance test presents a p-value of 0.008 indicative of a numerically significant difference between the mean marks of participants during the experiments that used 3D animation method as against the experiments that used the text base method. Results from the interview showed that the instructional method used had impact on the performance of the learners. The use of 3D animation method presented programming concepts in a form that the learners can understand, motivates them to pursue programming related courses at a higher level and also impacts positively on their performance.

Market Reactions to a High-Quality Auditor and Managerial Preference for Audit Quality

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 131-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick J. Hurley ◽  
Brian W. Mayhew
Keyword(s):  
Loss Aversion ◽  
Audit Quality ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Quality Competition ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Market Reactions ◽  
Comprehensive Theory ◽  
Audit Reports ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Quality Theory

SUMMARY We insert an automated high-quality (HQ) auditor into established experimental audit markets to test the impact of high-quality competition on other auditors' supply of and managers' demand for audit quality. Theory predicts that managers will demand high levels of audit quality to avoid investors' price-protecting behavior. This demand should result in the HQ auditor dominating the market and increase other auditors' audit quality provision to compete with the HQ auditor. However, we find that the HQ auditor does not dominate the market—despite holding audit costs constant and investors placing a premium on HQ auditor reports. We also find that adding an HQ auditor results in other auditors lowering audit quality. Additional analyses indicate some managers demand lower audit quality to avoid negative audit reports, consistent with loss aversion as a potential explanation. Our findings indicate a need to develop a more comprehensive theory of the demand for auditing. Data Availability: The laboratory market data used in this study are available from the authors upon request.

scholarly journals How Different Fermentation Type Affects Volatile Composition of Plum Jerkums

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 4658
Author(s):  
Magdalena Januszek ◽  
Paweł Satora
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Compounds ◽  
Current Paper ◽  
Higher Alcohols ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Volatile Composition ◽  
Spontaneous Fermentation ◽  
Fermentation Efficiency ◽  
Yeast Strains ◽  
The Impact

Quality of plum jerkum is significantly associated to the profile of volatile compounds. Therefore, we decided to assess the impact of various fermentation types on selected properties of plum jerkums, especially compounds which contribute to the aroma of the finished product. We used the following yeast strains: S. cerevisiae S1, H. uvarum H2, and Ethanol RED (S. cerevisiae). Moreover, we considered spontaneous fermentation. S. cerevisiae and H. uvarum strains were isolated during the fermentation of Čačanska Lepotica or Węgierka Dąbrowicka (plum cultivars), respectively. As for fermentation type, spontaneous fermentation of H. uvarum H2 provided the best results. It could be associated to the fact that plum juices fermented with H. uvarum H2 presented the highest concentration of terpenoids, esters, or some higher alcohols. In the current paper, application of indigenous strains of yeasts resulted in the required oenological characteristics, e.g., highest fermentation efficiency and concentration of ethanol was determined in juices fermented with Ethanol RED (S. cerevisiae) and also with S. cerevisiae S1. Our results suggested that indigenous strains of yeasts present in plums demonstrate great potential for the production of plum jerkums of high quality.

How tourism industry agglomeration improves tourism economic efficiency?

2021 ◽  
pp. 135481662110091
Author(s):  
Zhoufei Li ◽  
Huiyue Liu
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Regional Analysis ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Scale Efficiency ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Location Quotient ◽  
Industry Agglomeration ◽  
Central Regions ◽  
National Perspective ◽  
The Impact

The agglomeration of the tourism industry has important effects on its efficiency. This article used panel data on the Chinese provincial tourism industry for the 2011–2016 period, applied the location quotient index and three-stage data envelopment analysis method to, respectively, measure the degree of agglomeration and efficiency, and explained the impact of agglomeration on tourism efficiency. The empirical results of this study indicate the following. (1) China’s tourism industry shows a trend towards agglomeration, revealing gradient differences where the highest degree of agglomeration is in the eastern region, followed by the western and central regions. (2) After eliminating random and environmental factors, the adjusted efficiencies are lower than the unadjusted efficiencies. The average overall tourism efficiency is higher in the eastern region than in the central and western regions. (3) From the national perspective, industrial agglomeration can significantly improve the overall efficiency (TE), pure technical efficiency (PTE), and scale efficiency of the tourism industry. (4) Based on regional analysis, the agglomeration of the eastern tourism industry can significantly enhance its TE and PTE. Agglomeration for the western area has a significant positive impact on PTE. There is no significant relationship between agglomeration and efficiency in the central region.

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