scholarly journals SRide: An Online System for Multi-Hop Ridesharing

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (22) ◽  
pp. 9633
Author(s):  
Inayatullah Shah ◽  
Mohammed El Affendi ◽  
Basit Qureshi
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Travel Demand ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Sustainable Transportation ◽  
Total System ◽  
Demand Model ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Shortest Path Algorithms ◽  
Run Up

In the context of smart cities, ridesharing in urban areas is gaining researchers’ interest and is considered to be a sustainable transportation solution. In this paper, we present SRide (Shared Ride), a multi-hop ridesharing system as a mode of sustainable transportation. Multi-hop ridesharing is a type of ridesharing in which a rider travels in multiple hops to reach a destination, transferring from one driver to another between hops. The key problem in multi-hop ridesharing is to find an optimal itinerary or route plan for a rider from an origin to a destination in a dynamic, online setting. SRide adopts a novel approach to finding itineraries for riders suited to the online nature of the problem. The system represents ride offers as a time-dependent directed graph and finds itineraries dynamically by updating the graph incrementally and decrementally as ride offers are updated in the system. The system’s distinguishing feature is its incremental and decremental operation, which is enabled by employing dynamic single-source shortest-path algorithms. We conducted two extensive simulation studies to evaluate its performance. Metrics, including the matching rate, savings in total system-wide vehicle-miles, and total system-wide driving times were measured. In the first study, SRide’s dynamic update algorithms were compared with their non-dynamic versions. Results show that SRide’s algorithms run up to thirteen times faster than their non-dynamic versions. In the second study, we used data from the travel demand model for metropolitan Atlanta in the US state of Georgia, to assess the benefits of multi-hop ridesharing. Results show that matching rates increase up to 68%, saving in total system-wide vehicle-miles of up to 12%, and reduction in the total system-wide driving time of up to 12.86% is achieved.

Urban Transportation Planning for Air Quality Management: Case Study in Delhi, India, of Role of Social and Economic Costs in Welfare Maximization of Mobility Choice

2002 ◽  
Vol 1817 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karolin Kokaz ◽  
Peter Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Travel Demand ◽  
Urban Air Pollution ◽  
Sustainable Transportation ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Environmental Goals ◽  
Management Case Study

Recent economic expansion and population growth in developing countries have had a big impact on the development of large cities like Delhi, India. Accompanied by Delhi’s rapid spatial growth over the last 25 years, urban sprawl has contributed to increased travel. The vehicle fleet projected at current growth rates will result in more than 13 million vehicles in Delhi in 2020. Planning and managing such a rapidly growing transport sector will be a challenge. Choices made now will have effects lasting well into the middle of the century. With such rapid transport growth rates, automobile emissions have become the fastest increasing source of urban air pollution. In India, most urban areas, including Delhi, already have major air pollution problems that could be greatly exacerbated if growth of the transport sector is managed unwisely. The transport plans designed to meet such large increases in travel demand will have to emphasize the movement of people, not vehicles, for a sustainable transportation system. Therefore, a mathematical model was developed to estimate the optimal transportation mix to meet this projected passenger-km demand while satisfying environmental goals, reducing congestion levels, and improving system and fuel efficiencies by exploiting a variety of policy options at the minimum overall cost or maximum welfare from transport. The results suggest that buses will continue to satisfy most passenger transport in the coming decades, so planning done in accordance with improving bus operations is crucial.

scholarly journals Shortening the Last Mile in Urban Areas: Optimizing a Smart Logistics Concept for E-Grocery Operations

Smart Cities ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 585-603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Max Leyerer ◽  
Marc-Oliver Sonneberg ◽  
Maximilian Heumann ◽  
Michael H. Breitner
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Sustainable Transportation ◽  
Grocery Stores ◽  
Optimization Approach ◽  
Traditional Food ◽  
Food Supply Chain ◽  
Last Mile

Urbanization, the corresponding road traffic, and increasing e-grocery markets require efficient and at the same time eco-friendly transport solutions. In contrast to traditional food procurement at local grocery stores, e-grocery, i.e., online ordered goods, are transported directly to end customers. We develop and discuss an optimization approach to assist the planning of e-grocery deliveries in smart cities introducing a new last mile concept for the urban food supply chain. To supply city dwellers with their ordered products, a network of refrigerated grocery lockers is optimized to temporarily store the corresponding goods within urban areas. Customers either collect their orders by themselves or the products are delivered with electric cargo bicycles (ECBs). We propose a multi-echelon optimization model that minimizes the overall costs while consecutively determining optimal grocery locker locations, van routes from a depot to opened lockers, and ECB routes from lockers to customers. With our approach, we present an advanced concept for grocery deliveries in urban areas to shorten last mile distances, enhancing sustainable transportation by avoiding road traffic and emissions. Therefore, the concept is described as a smart transport system.

scholarly journals Analysis of Pedestrian Travel Demand for Bus Trans Semarang through 3D Method (Density, Diversity, Design)

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-136
Author(s):  
Anita Ratnasari Rakhmatulloh ◽  
Diah Intan Kusumo Dewi ◽  
Dinar Mutiara Kusumo Nugraheni
Keyword(s):  
Public Transportation ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Travel Demand ◽  
Simulation Method ◽  
Path Model ◽  
Demand Model ◽  
Private Transportation ◽  
Density Analysis ◽  
Pedestrian Travel ◽  
Transportation Route

The growing number of private transportation ownership from year to year creates congestion problems, especially in urban areas. Public transportation conditions such as the Rapid Transit Bus (BRT) are an alternative way to use transportation. BRT Trans Semarang Corridor 1 is the busiest public transportation route in Semarang City that stretches from Mangkang Terminal to Penggaron Terminal. About 50% of the passengers of BRT Trans Semarang Corridor 1 chose to walk to and from the bus stops. However, in reality, currently, the conditions of the pedestrian paths are less than optimal in creating pedestrian comfort, and the integration system is still minimal with various modes. The purpose of this study is to identify a travel demand model suitable for pedestrian BRT Trans Semarang Corridor 1 passenger using the new urbanism 3D approach (Density, Diversity, Design). Where the data collection for analysis needs using naturalistic observation techniques by looking at the condition of the object of research in a more real way directly to the field. Density analysis used descriptive statistical analysis methods and simulated interpolation of population and building density data using the ArcGIS 10.3 application to generate pedestrian demand for their environmental density. In analyzing diversity using the land-use distribution simulation method with ArcGIS 10.3 and FAR (Floor Area Ratio) analysis using the 2016 Sketchup simulation. Compile a pedestrian path model recommendation under pedestrian demand.

Using Indicators to Assess Sustainable Transportation and Related Concepts

2018 ◽  
Vol 2672 (3) ◽  
pp. 92-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tara Ramani
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Travel Demand ◽  
El Paso ◽  
Planning Horizon ◽  
The United States ◽  
Traffic Analysis ◽  
Sustainable Transportation ◽  
Demand Model ◽  
Health Indices ◽  
Over Time

The overall goal of this study is to assess the concept of sustainability in relation to the related concepts of “health” and “livability” that have emerged in transportation planning discourse. This study achieves the goal using an indicator-based case study, conducted for the El Paso metropolitan area in the United States. Data from the regional travel demand model and other sources were used to quantify a sustainability index, livability index, and health index for individual traffic analysis zones in the region, for four analysis years over a 30-year planning horizon. Each index was comprised of representative indicators, which were normalized and aggregated in accordance with common multi-criteria decision-making methods. The analysis results demonstrated little correlation between the quantified livability, sustainability, and health indices developed for the El Paso region. The indices also showed relatively low levels of change over time for a location. That is, the relative performance of a traffic analysis zone tended to stay the same, despite the modeled changes to the transportation system, demographics, and land use. The main implication of the research findings is that despite overlaps at a theoretical level, concepts such as livability and health cannot necessarily serve as proxies for sustainability when implemented in practice. The study also provides insight into the challenges of making meaningful change in the area of sustainability over time and highlights the influence of factors beyond transportation, such as land use and socio-economic issues.

scholarly journals Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis of Traffic Forecasting: A Case Study

2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 964
Author(s):  
Derek Hungness ◽  
Raj Bridgelall
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Travel Demand ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sustainable Transportation ◽  
Spatial Data Analysis ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis ◽  
Demand Model ◽  
State And Local

Transportation planning has historically relied on statistical models to analyze travel patterns across space and time. Recently, an urgency has developed in the United States to address outdated policies and approaches to infrastructure planning, design, and construction. Policymakers at the federal, state, and local levels are expressing greater interest in promoting and funding sustainable transportation infrastructure systems to reduce the damaging effects of pollutive emissions. Consequently, there is a growing trend of local agencies transitioning away from the traditional level-of-service measures to vehicle miles of travel (VMT) measures. However, planners are finding it difficult to leverage their investments in their regional travel demand network models and datasets in the transition. This paper evaluates the applicability of VMT forecasting and impact assessment using the current travel demand model for Dane County, Wisconsin. The main finding is that exploratory spatial data analysis of the derived data uncovered statistically significant spatial relationships and interactions that planners cannot sufficiently visualize using other methods. Planners can apply these techniques to identify places where focused VMT remediation measures for sustainable networks and environments can be most cost-effective.

Spatial Autocorrelation in the Study of Neighbourhoods towards Smart Cities: Empirical Evidence from Kerman, Iran

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Asra Hosseini
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Autocorrelation ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Moran’S I ◽  
Moran's I ◽  
Urban Planner ◽  
Universal Feature ◽  
Autocorrelation Method ◽  
Selection Of

From earliest cities to the present, spatial division into residential zones and neighbourhoods is the universal feature of urban areas. This study explored issue of measuring neighbourhoods through spatial autocorrelation method based on Moran's I index in respect of achieving to best neighbourhoods' model for forming cities smarter. The research carried out by selection of 35 neighbourhoods only within central part of traditional city of Kerman in Iran. The results illustrate, 75% of neighbourhoods' area in the inner city of Kerman had clustered pattern, and it shows reduction in Moran's index is associated with disproportional distribution of density and increasing in Moran's I and Z-score have monotonic relation with more dense areas and clustered pattern. It may be more efficient for urban planner to focus on spatial autocorrelation to foster neighbourhood cohesion rather than emphasis on suburban area. It is recommended characteristics of historic neighbourhoods can be successfully linked to redevelopment plans toward making city smarter, and also people's quality of life can be related to the way that neighbourhoods' patterns are defined. 

Smart Cities and Smart Regulation

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita Rønne
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Political Agenda ◽  
Smart Regulation

Increasing focus on sustainable societies and ‘smart cities’ due to emphasis on mitigation of climate change is simultaneous with ‘smart regulation’ reaching the forefront of the political agenda. Consequently, the energy sector and its regulation are undergoing significant innovation and change. Energy innovations include transition from fossil fuels to more renewable energy sources and application of new computer technology, interactively matching production with consumer demand. Smart cities are growing and projects are being initiated for development of urban areas and energy systems. Analysis from ‘Smart Cities Accelerator’, developed under the EU Interreg funding programme that includes Climate-KIC,——provides background for the focus on a smart energy system. Analysis ensures the energy supply systems support the integration of renewables with the need for new technologies and investments. ‘Smart’ is trendy, but when becoming ‘smart’ leads to motivation that is an important step towards mitigating climate change.

scholarly journals Smart Cities in Turkey: Approaches, Advances and Applications with Greater Consideration for Future Urban Transport Development

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 2308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Can Bıyık
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Radical Change ◽  
Urban Transport ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Comprehensive Survey ◽  
Future Vision

The smart city transport concept is viewed as a future vision aiming to undertake investigations on the urban planning process and to construct policy-pathways for achieving future targets. Therefore, this paper sets out three visions for the year 2035 which bring about a radical change in the level of green transport systems (often called walking, cycling, and public transport) in Turkish urban areas. A participatory visioning technique was structured according to a three-stage technique: (i) Extensive online comprehensive survey, in which potential transport measures were researched for their relevance in promoting smart transport systems in future Turkish urban areas; (ii) semi-structured interviews, where transport strategy suggestions were developed in the context of the possible imaginary urban areas and their associated contextual description of the imaginary urban areas for each vision; (iii) participatory workshops, where an innovative method was developed to explore various creative future choices and alternatives. Overall, this paper indicates that the content of the future smart transport visions was reasonable, but such visions need a considerable degree of consensus and radical approaches for tackling them. The findings offer invaluable insights to researchers inquiring about the smart transport field, and policy-makers considering applying those into practice in their local urban areas.

scholarly journals iBikeSafe: A Multi-Parameter System for Monitoring, Evaluation and Visualization of Cycling Paths in Smart Cities Targeted at Cycling Adverse Conditions

Smart Cities ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 1058-1086
Author(s):  
Franklin Oliveira ◽  
Daniel G. Costa ◽  
Luciana Lima ◽  
Ivanovitch Silva
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Large City ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Parameter System ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Adverse Conditions ◽  
Last Mile ◽  
Real Scenario

The fast transformation of the urban centers, pushed by the impacts of climatic changes and the dramatic events of the COVID-19 Pandemic, will profoundly influence our daily mobility. This resulted scenario is expected to favor adopting cleaner and flexible modal solutions centered on bicycles and scooters, especially as last-mile options. However, as the use of bicycles has rapidly increased, cyclists have been subject to adverse conditions that may affect their health and safety when cycling in urban areas. Therefore, whereas cities should implement mechanisms to monitor and evaluate adverse conditions in cycling paths, cyclists should have some effective mechanism to visualize the indirect quality of cycling paths, eventually supporting choosing more appropriate routes. Therefore, this article proposes a comprehensive multi-parameter system based on multiple independent subsystems, covering all phases of data collecting, formatting, transmission, and processing related to the monitoring, evaluating, and visualizing the quality of cycling paths in the perspective of adverse conditions that affect cyclist. The formal interactions of all modules are carefully described, as well as implementation and deployment details. Additionally, a case study is considered for a large city in Brazil, demonstrating how the proposed system can be adopted in a real scenario.

scholarly journals Wireless Sensor Networks for Smart Cities: Network Design, Implementation and Performance Evaluation

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 218
Author(s):  
Ala’ Khalifeh ◽  
Khalid A. Darabkh ◽  
Ahmad M. Khasawneh ◽  
Issa Alqaisieh ◽  
Mohammad Salameh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Experimental Evaluation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Real Field

The advent of various wireless technologies has paved the way for the realization of new infrastructures and applications for smart cities. Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are one of the most important among these technologies. WSNs are widely used in various applications in our daily lives. Due to their cost effectiveness and rapid deployment, WSNs can be used for securing smart cities by providing remote monitoring and sensing for many critical scenarios including hostile environments, battlefields, or areas subject to natural disasters such as earthquakes, volcano eruptions, and floods or to large-scale accidents such as nuclear plants explosions or chemical plumes. The purpose of this paper is to propose a new framework where WSNs are adopted for remote sensing and monitoring in smart city applications. We propose using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles to act as a data mule to offload the sensor nodes and transfer the monitoring data securely to the remote control center for further analysis and decision making. Furthermore, the paper provides insight about implementation challenges in the realization of the proposed framework. In addition, the paper provides an experimental evaluation of the proposed design in outdoor environments, in the presence of different types of obstacles, common to typical outdoor fields. The experimental evaluation revealed several inconsistencies between the performance metrics advertised in the hardware-specific data-sheets. In particular, we found mismatches between the advertised coverage distance and signal strength with our experimental measurements. Therefore, it is crucial that network designers and developers conduct field tests and device performance assessment before designing and implementing the WSN for application in a real field setting.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document