scholarly journals A New Design of Sydney’s Frontport Check-in System

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 3850
Author(s):  
Ting Liu ◽  
Gabriel Lodewijks
Keyword(s):  
Swot Analysis ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Scheme Design ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Baggage Handling ◽  
Loading And Unloading ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Main Engine ◽  
Process Method

This paper proposed a scheme design for Sydney’s frontport check-in system, which completes check-in and baggage drop-off at Sydney’s Circular Quay, and transports the baggage to Sydney Kingsford Smith Airport by waterway, and provided a strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) analysis of Sydney’s frontport check-in system. Using the process method of quality management, the frontport check-in process was divided into three sub-processes: baggage consignment, baggage packing and transportation, and airport baggage handling. The eight key elements of each sub-process such as input, output, resources, and methods, etc. were discussed, the key factors influencing the cost of baggage transportation were analyzed, and the cost control measures such as adopting economic speed, reducing fuel consumption of the main engine, improving the ship loading rate, and raising loading and unloading efficiency were proposed. At the same time, two different types of baggage transportation ships and other parameters that affect the cost such as the number of berths, ships, lifting machineries, and the yard area were analyzed and calculated through calculation cases. This scheme is a beneficial addition to the existing in-town check-in system.

The Cost to Quality Ratio in Terms of Voyage Energy Efficiency

2014 ◽  
Vol 1036 ◽  
pp. 1060-1065
Author(s):  
Nicoleta Acomi ◽  
Ovidiu Cristian Acomi ◽  
Alina Lucia Bostina ◽  
Aurel Bostina
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Monitoring Tool ◽  
Gas Generator ◽  
Ship Owner ◽  
Operational Index ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Index Value ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Main Engine

Shipping is permanently engaged in efforts to regulate the voyage energy efficiency and to control the marine GHG emissions. In order to achieve this, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) has developed a series of technical and operational measures. The Energy Efficiency Operational Index is one of the operational measures that can be used as a monitoring tool for the voyage optimization and represents the mass of CO2 emitted per unit of transport work. The purpose of this study is to analyze the competitiveness of using different types of marine fuels during the voyage and also to emphasize their influence over the Energy Efficiency Operational Index. The emissions from ships are directly proportional to the bunker consumption and with its quality, and this paper presents the Energy Efficiency Operational Index value for one complete voyage, varying the type of fuel for different legs for the main consumers: main engine, diesel generators, boiler and inert gas generator. The results consist in the cost to quality ratio, where the cost is the sum of money spent for different types of fuel and the quality is the ships Energy Efficiency Operational Index. The cost-to-quality ratio is presented in graphs in order to allow the ship-owner to choose the solution of protecting the marine environment, acting over the EEOI, based on the cost involved.

scholarly journals Erection of Formwork with Optimum Spacing of Joists and Stringers

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 568-572
Keyword(s):  
Loading Capacity ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Load Bearing Capacity ◽  
Project Completion ◽  
Optimum Spacing ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Conventional Type ◽  
Satisfactory Quality

The success of any project depends on suitable and economical formwork arrangements and it accounts about 25% in the overall cost. The project completion time depends on the erection and de-shuttering of formwork. Proper planning, management and safety is very important to finish the project within the cost budget and satisfactory quality. This study focuses on the conventional type of form work using timber joists and stringers loaded with different types of spacing in an actually erected model. The soil has been compacted, consolidated before the erection of model. After erections, the entire model has been subjected to sand bag loading with the specified loading capacity per sq. m. The deflections due to the added load on the formwork is characterized by standard deflectometer for different spacing of timber joists. Accordingly, the shores spacing have also been obtained with the designed load bearing capacity. With this study it has been found that the stability of formwork is analyzed based on vibrations and deflections. Hence the study infers that optimum spacing of joists designed should be decreased for minimum deflection. The vibrations and key factors for this erection have been identified and the results are presented.

Knowledge and Awareness of Dengue Fever

2018 ◽  
pp. 219-222
Author(s):  
Y. Arockia Suganthi ◽  
Chitra K. ◽  
J. Magelin Mary
Keyword(s):  
Dengue Fever ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Infection Transmission ◽  
Standard Guideline ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Prevention And Control Measures ◽  
Dengue Prevention ◽  
And Control

Dengue fever is a painful mosquito-borne infection caused by different types of virus in various localities of the world. There is no particular medicine or vaccine to treat person suffering from dengue fever. Dengue viruses are transmitted by the bite of female Aedes (Ae) mosquitoes. Dengue fever viruses are mainly transmitted by Aedes which can be active in tropical or subtropical climates. Aedes Aegypti is the key step to avoid infection transmission to save millions of people in all over the world. This paper provides a standard guideline in the planning of dengue prevention and control measures. At the same time gives the priorities including clinical management and hospitalized dengue patients have to address essentially.

AGRICULTURAL PERIODICALS OF RUSSIA IN THE EARLY XX CENTURY

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Data ◽  
Soil Science ◽  
Agriculture Soil ◽  
Agricultural Knowledge ◽  
Horse Breeding ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Fruit Growing ◽  
Advanced Knowledge ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Upper Volga Region

The article deals with the distribution of agricultural periodicals on the territory of the Russian Em-pire in the early twentieth century. Before that there were practically no publications on the pages of sci-entific magazines. Great emphasis is placed on the analysis of agricultural magazines published before 1917 in the Upper Volga region, namely in Vladimir, Kostroma, Tver and Yaroslavl provinces. Thanks to existed in pre-revolutionary Russian periodicals on agricultural subjects advanced knowledge of agron-omy, agriculture, soil science, horticulture, fruit growing, vegetable growing, winemaking, viticulture, 135 tobacco growing, livestock, poultry, bee-keeping, veterinary medicine, forestry, and hunting, land man-agement, irrigation, horse breeding were promoted. On the basis of statistical data, office documentation and other published sources, the author draws conclusions about the degree of accessibility of agricul-tural periodicals for the population, including the peasantry. Availability of agricultural periodicals largely depended on its price, so the author studied the situation with the cost of the annual subscription fee of these publications. The article investigates the issues of periodicity of agricultural magazines and newspapers, the exact number of such publications, as well as their subject matter. Existence duration of different types of periodicals is analyzed, the main publishers of magazines and newspapers, places of their publication are revealed. A prominent place is given to the publishing activities of agricultural pub-lic organizations and zemstvo self-government bodies. It is concluded that natural process of agricultural knowledge distribution among the population of Russia through publications on the pages of periodicals was disrupted by revolutionary events of 1917.

What's it Worth? Improving Surface Water Quality

1999 ◽  
Vol 40 (10) ◽  
pp. 153-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. H. Newsome ◽  
C. D. Stephen
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
The Cost

Many countries are investing in measures to improve surface water quality, but the investment programmes for so doing are increasingly becoming subject to cost-benefit analysis. Whilst the cost of control measures can usually be determined for individual improvement schemes, there are currently no established procedures for valuing the benefits attributable to improved surface water quality. The paper describes a methodology that has been derived that now makes this possible.

scholarly journals Game-Theoretic Decision Support for Cyber Forensic Investigations

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (16) ◽  
pp. 5300
Author(s):  
Antonia Nisioti ◽  
George Loukas ◽  
Stefan Rass ◽  
Emmanouil Panaousis
Keyword(s):  
Cyber Security ◽  
Strategic Decisions ◽  
Bayesian Games ◽  
Bayesian Game ◽  
Cyber Forensics ◽  
Detection And Attribution ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Game Theoretic ◽  
The Cost

The use of anti-forensic techniques is a very common practice that stealthy adversaries may deploy to minimise their traces and make the investigation of an incident harder by evading detection and attribution. In this paper, we study the interaction between a cyber forensic Investigator and a strategic Attacker using a game-theoretic framework. This is based on a Bayesian game of incomplete information played on a multi-host cyber forensics investigation graph of actions traversed by both players. The edges of the graph represent players’ actions across different hosts in a network. In alignment with the concept of Bayesian games, we define two Attacker types to represent their ability of deploying anti-forensic techniques to conceal their activities. In this way, our model allows the Investigator to identify the optimal investigating policy taking into consideration the cost and impact of the available actions, while coping with the uncertainty of the Attacker’s type and strategic decisions. To evaluate our model, we construct a realistic case study based on threat reports and data extracted from the MITRE ATT&CK STIX repository, Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS), and interviews with cyber-security practitioners. We use the case study to compare the performance of the proposed method against two other investigative methods and three different types of Attackers.

Risk Evaluation for Conflicts between Crossing Pedestrians and Right-Turning Vehicles at Intersections

2021 ◽  
pp. 036119812110318
Author(s):  
Feifei Xin ◽  
Xiaobo Wang ◽  
Chongjing Sun
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Management ◽  
Traffic Signals ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Video Information ◽  
Fuzzy Clustering Method ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
Conflict Risk ◽  
And Control ◽  
Deceleration Time

In recent years, conflicts between crossing pedestrians and right-turning vehicles have become more severe at intersections in China, where right-turning vehicles are usually not controlled by traffic signals. This study proposes a quantitative method for evaluating the conflict risk between pedestrians and right-turning vehicles at intersections based on micro-level behavioral data obtained from video detection. A typical intersection in Shanghai was selected as the study site. In total, 670 min of video were recorded during the peak hours from 7:30 a.m. to 9:30 p.m on one day. After processing the video information, vehicle and pedestrian tracking data were obtained, including the velocity, acceleration, deceleration, time, and location coordinates. Based on these data, several conflict indicators were proposed and these indicators were extracted automatically using MATLAB to identify pedestrian–right-turning vehicle conflicts and to determine the severity of the conflicts identified. This process identified 93 examples of such conflicts. The conflict risks were quantitatively classified using the K-means fuzzy clustering method and all of the conflicts were assigned to five grades. The characteristics of the conflict distribution and the severity of different types of conflict were also analyzed, which showed that conflicts on different areas on the crosswalk differed in their severity. Based on the conclusions, practical traffic management and control measures are proposed to reduce the risk on pedestrian crossings.

scholarly journals 503. The Misappropriation of COVID-19 Related TV Ad Expenditures

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S317-S317
Author(s):  
Kartavya J Vyas
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Preventive Interventions ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Epidemic Curve ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The U.S

Abstract Background With nearly three-fourths of the U.S. population isolated in their homes between early March and the end of May, almost all of whom regularly watch television (TV), it was no surprise that companies began to purchase airtime on major television networks to advertise (ad) their brands and showcase their empathy with the populace. But how would the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic curve have changed had these same dollars been allocated to proven preventive interventions? Methods Performance and activity metrics on all COVID-19 related TV ads that have aired in the U.S. between February 26th and June 7th, 2020, were provided by iSpot.tv, Inc., including expenditures. COVID-19 incidence and mortality data were collected from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Descriptive statistics were performed to calculate total TV ad expenditures and other performance metrics across industry categories. Leveraging a previously published stochastic agent-based model that was used to assess the cost-effectiveness of non-pharmaceutical interventions to control COVID-19, the number of cases that would have been prevented had these same dollars been used for preventive interventions was calculated using cost-effectiveness ratios (CERs), the cost divided by cases prevented. Results A total of 1,513 companies purchased TV airtime during the study period, totaling approximately 1.1 million airings, 215.5 billion impressions, and $2.7 billion in expenditures; most of the expenditures were spent by the restaurant (15.9%), electronics and communications (15.4%), and vehicle (13.7%) industries. The CERs for PPE and social distancing measures were $13,856 and $29,552, respectively; therefore, had all of these TV ad dollars instead been allocated to PPE or social distancing measures, approximately 194,908 and 91,386 cases of COVID-19 may have been prevented by the end of the study period, respectively. Figure 2. COVID-19 cases prevented had TV ad expenditures been reallocated for interventions. Conclusion Americans were inundated with COVID-19 related TV ads during the early months of the pandemic and companies are now showing some signs to relent. In times of disaster, however, it is paramount that the private sector go beyond showcasing their empathy and truly become socially responsible by allocating their funds to proven prevention and control measures. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

Lessons from Emma Maersk Flooding – February 2013

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chilukuri Maheshwar
Keyword(s):  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Suez Canal ◽  
Container Ship ◽  
Engine Room ◽  
Mechanical Breakdown ◽  
Engine Cylinder ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Main Engine

In February 2013, in the 2005 built 15500 TEU 397m long container ship EMMA MÆRSK a severe leakage occurred in as it was passing southbound through the Suez Canal. The leakage occurred due to mechanical breakdown of a stern thruster causing flooding of the shaft tunnel and filling up the engine room with 14000 m³ of seawater within a span of two hours, submerging the main engine cylinder heads-level equal to the outside water draft of 15.1 m. The cost of repairs and loss of revenue for six months amounted to a few million dollars. This paper highlights some of the lessons learned from this incident.

Preliminary Estimates of Costs of Foodborne Disease in the United States

1989 ◽  
Vol 52 (8) ◽  
pp. 595-601 ◽  
Author(s):  
EWEN C. D. TODD
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
The United States ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Foodborne Diseases ◽  
Hemorrhagic Colitis ◽  
E Coli ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Total Impact

Although the full economic impact of foodborne diseases has yet to be measured, preliminary studies show that the cost of illness, death, and business lost is high indeed. This impact is probably greatest in developing countries, but few facts are known. For the United States, preliminary estimates are 12.6 million cases costing $8.4 billion. These may seem excessive but other authors have postulated even higher case and dollar figures. Microbiological diseases (bacterial and viral) represent 84% of the United States' costs, with salmonellosis and staphylococcal intoxication being the most economically important diseases (annually $4.0 billion and $1.5 billion, respectively). Other costly types of illnesses are toxoplasmosis ($445 million), listeriosis ($313 million), campylobacteriosis ($156 million), trichinosis ($144 million), Clostridium perfringens enteritis ($123 million), and E. coli infections including hemorrhagic colitis ($223 million). Botulism has a high cost per case ($322,200), but its total impact is only $87 million because relatively few cases occur (270). This is because the food industry has been able to introduce effective control measures. Salmonellosis, however, is much more widespread (2.9 million cases) and affects all sectors of the food industry.

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