Using Optimized Two and Three-Band Spectral Indices and Multivariate Models to Assess Some Water Quality Indicators of Qaroun Lake in Egypt

Standard methods are limited for monitoring and managing water quality indicators (WQIs) in real-time and on a large scale. Consequently, there is an urgent need to use reliable, practical, swift, and cost-effective monitoring tools that can be easily deployed and assist decision makers in assessing key indicators relevant to surface water quality in a comprehensive manner. Surface water samples were collected and evaluated for water quality at 16 distinct sites across the Qaroun Lake in 2018 and 2019. Different WQIs, including total dissolved solids (TDS), transparency, total suspended solids (TSS), chlorophyll-a (Chl-a), and total phosphorus (TP), were tested for aquatic utilization. An integrated approach comprising WQIs, geospatial techniques, hyperspectral reflectance indices (SRIs) (commonly used SRIs, two-band and three-band SRIs (Spectral index calculated from water spectral reflectance of two or three wavelengths)), and partial least square regression (PLSR) models were used to assess the water quality of Qaroun Lake. According to the findings, the water quality attributes are polluted to varying degrees. The majority of commonly used SRIs presented moderately relationship with four WQIs (transparency, TSS, Chl-a, and TP) (R2 = 0.45 to 0.64), while the majority of newly two-band SRIs (NSRIs-2b) indicated moderate to strong relationships with WQIs (R2 = 0.51 to 0.74), and the majority of newly three band SRIs (NSRIs-3b) presented strong relationships with WQIs (R2 = 0.67 to 0.81). Broadly, the highest coefficients of determination were noticed with the NSRIs-3b followed by the NSRIs-2b and then the commonly used SRIs. For example, the NSRIs-3b (NDSI648,712,696) had stronger relationships with transparency, TSS, and Chl-a with R2 = 0.77, 0.66, and 0.81, respectively, than other SRIs. In addition, the NSRIs-3b (NDSI620,610,622) showed the highest R2 of 0.73 with TSS. The NSRIs-3b coupling with PLSR predicted the WQIs with satisfactory accuracy in the calibration (reach up R2 = 0.85) and validation (reach up R2 = 0.81) datasets. The overall findings of this research study showed that deriving an optimized NSRIs-3b from spectrum region and combining it with PLSR model could be a practical tool for managing water quality of the Qaroun Lake by accurately, timely, and non-destructively monitoring the WQIs.

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Spatial and temporal trends in summertime climate and water quality indicators in the coastal embayments of Buzzards Bay, Massachusetts

Biogeosciences ◽

10.5194/bg-13-253-2016 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 253-265 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

J. E. Rheuban ◽

S. Williamson ◽

J. E. Costa ◽

D. M. Glover ◽

R. W. Jakuba ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Surface Water ◽

Quality Indicators ◽

Total Nitrogen ◽

Temporal Trends ◽

Nitrogen Loading ◽

Water Quality Indicators ◽

Chl A ◽

Temperature And Precipitation ◽

Spatial And Temporal Trends

Abstract. Degradation of coastal ecosystems by eutrophication is largely defined by nitrogen loading from land via surface water and groundwater flows. However, indicators of water quality are highly variable due to a myriad of other drivers, including temperature and precipitation. To evaluate these drivers, we examined spatial and temporal trends in a 22-year record of summer water quality data from 122 stations in 17 embayments within Buzzards Bay, MA (USA), collected through a citizen science monitoring program managed by Buzzards Bay Coalition. To identify spatial patterns across Buzzards Bay's embayments, we used a principle component and factor analysis and found that rotated factor loadings indicated little correlation between inorganic nutrients and organic matter or chlorophyll a (Chl a) concentration. Factor scores showed that embayment geomorphology in addition to nutrient loading was a strong driver of water quality, where embayments with surface water inputs showed larger biological impacts than embayments dominated by groundwater influx. A linear regression analysis of annual summertime water quality indicators over time revealed that from 1992 to 2013, most embayments (15 of 17) exhibited an increase in temperature (mean rate of 0.082 ± 0.025 (SD) °C yr−1) and Chl a (mean rate of 0.0171 ± 0.0088 log10 (Chl a; mg m−3) yr−1, equivalent to a 4.0 % increase per year). However, only seven embayments exhibited an increase in total nitrogen (TN) concentration (mean rate 0.32 ± 0.47 (SD) µM yr−1). Average summertime log10(TN) and log10(Chl a) were correlated with an indication that the yield of Chl a per unit total nitrogen increased with time suggesting the estuarine response to TN may have changed because of other stressors such as warming, altered precipitation patterns, or changing light levels. These findings affirm that nitrogen loading and physical aspects of embayments are essential in explaining the observed ecosystem response. However, climate-related stressors may also need to be considered by managers because increased temperature and precipitation may worsen water quality and partially offset benefits achieved by reducing nitrogen loading.

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EVALUATION OF THE SURFACE WATER QUALITY FOR AQUACULTURE IN KIEN GIANG PROVINCE

Tạp chí Khoa học ◽

10.54607/hcmue.js.15.9.87(2018) ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 15 (9) ◽

pp. 187

Author(s):

Tran The Dinh

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Surface Water ◽

Quality Indicators ◽

Surface Water Quality ◽

Technical Regulation ◽

Water Parameters ◽

Water Quality Indicators ◽

Water Quality Status ◽

Quality Status

Recently, the aquaculture sector of Kien Giang province has been facing many difficulties and challenges due to the changing water quality, causing serious degradation and pollution. Based on the results of the survey and measurement of surface water parameters in 2016 at Kien Giang province, the paper analyzes six water quality indicators in 10 locations of Kien Giang province. The results of analysis of indicators were compared with National Technical Regulation on Surface Water Quality (QCVN 08-MT: 2015/BTNMT) to evaluate surface water quality of this area. The paper also provides an assessment of the suitability of water quality status for aquaculture in the region.

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Utilization of factor analysis in waterworks engineering

Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis ◽

10.11118/actaun200452020121 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 52 (2) ◽

pp. 121-128

Author(s):

Petra Nováková

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Factor Analysis ◽

Quality Indicators ◽

Water Reservoir ◽

Statistical Processing ◽

Point Of View ◽

Water Quality Indicators ◽

Quality Of Water ◽

The Individual

The aim of the work was to elaborate and evaluate the water quality of water reservoir Vranov nad Dyjí. Fresh water was sampled in five different locations of the reservoir (three important tributaries, dam and water captation locality). Ten, the most essential water quality indicators were selected. From the point of view of water quality indicators complexity the most integrated samples were taken in the water captation locality (period 1984 – 2002). At other locations, there were missing dates from the eightieth, but their volume was sufficient for statistical processing.Correlation analyses for the individual locations and dimensions were done as so as determination coefficients for all localities during the time period of 1994 – 2002. The results demonstrate very good allocation of the water captation from the point of view of the water flow.Multiples and factor analysis was done for the period of 1984 – 2002 in the locality Jelení zátoka where the object of water captation is situated. The results of the analysis are nine factors, which influence the water quality of the reservoir. From the point of view of the importance three factors were interpreted.The analyses and results are part of my Ph.D. thesis. The results will be used for other evaluations of the water quality in the reservoir and tributaries, for activities in the catchment’s area and for proposal processing other zones of second level of protected areas.

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Water quality assessment of middle route of South-North water diversion project based on modified Nemerow index method

Water Science & Technology Water Supply ◽

10.2166/ws.2021.006 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yilin Yang ◽

Dawei Zhang ◽

Jin Quan ◽

Pengwen Wang ◽

Yi Xu

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Quality Indicators ◽

Early Stage ◽

Water Quality Assessment ◽

Water Diversion ◽

Index Method ◽

Water Quality Indicators ◽

Water Diversion Project ◽

North Water

Abstract It is of great significance to find a scientific way to assess the water quality of the middle route of the South-North Water Diversion Project. In this paper, the spatio-temporal changes of the 26 water quality indicators in eight key monitoring stations along the middle route since the project was put into use were analyzed, and the modified Nemerow index method was employed to assess the water quality of the route in its early stage of operation. The results show that the water quality remained good in the period of study. Important water quality indicators were identified, including temperature, permanganate index, dissolved oxygen, total phosphorus, total nitrogen, mercury content, and density of planktonic algae. It is advised that potential ecological risks related to algae and shellfish reproduction in the open canal deserve special attention.

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PLS-R Calibration Models for Wine Spirit Volatile Phenols Prediction by Near-Infrared Spectroscopy

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s22010286 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

pp. 286

Author(s):

Ofélia Anjos ◽

Ilda Caldeira ◽

Tiago A. Fernandes ◽

Soraia Inês Pedro ◽

Cláudia Vitória ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Near Infrared ◽

Partial Least Square ◽

Least Square ◽

Partial Least Square Regression ◽

Volatile Phenols ◽

Near Ir ◽

Liquid Liquid Extraction ◽

Calibration Models ◽

First Time

Near-infrared spectroscopic (NIR) technique was used, for the first time, to predict volatile phenols content, namely guaiacol, 4-methyl-guaiacol, eugenol, syringol, 4-methyl-syringol and 4-allyl-syringol, of aged wine spirits (AWS). This study aimed to develop calibration models for the volatile phenol’s quantification in AWS, by NIR, faster and without sample preparation. Partial least square regression (PLS-R) models were developed with NIR spectra in the near-IR region (12,500–4000 cm−1) and those obtained from GC-FID quantification after liquid-liquid extraction. In the PLS-R developed method, cross-validation with 50% of the samples along a validation test set with 50% of the remaining samples. The final calibration was performed with 100% of the data. PLS-R models with a good accuracy were obtained for guaiacol (r2 = 96.34; RPD = 5.23), 4-methyl-guaiacol (r2 = 96.1; RPD = 5.07), eugenol (r2 = 96.06; RPD = 5.04), syringol (r2 = 97.32; RPD = 6.11), 4-methyl-syringol (r2 = 95.79; RPD = 4.88) and 4-allyl-syringol (r2 = 95.97; RPD = 4.98). These results reveal that NIR is a valuable technique for the quality control of wine spirits and to predict the volatile phenols content, which contributes to the sensory quality of the spirit beverages.

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Assessing the Quality of Milk Using a Multicomponent Analytical Platform MicroNIR/Chemometric

Frontiers in Chemistry ◽

10.3389/fchem.2020.614718 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Roberta Risoluti ◽

Giuseppina Gullifa ◽

Stefano Materazi

Keyword(s):

Prediction Models ◽

Partial Least Square ◽

Least Square ◽

Partial Least Square Regression ◽

The Novel ◽

Screening Platform ◽

Quality Of Milk ◽

Different Origins ◽

Non Destructive

In this work, an innovative screening platform based on MicroNIR and chemometrics is proposed for the on-site and contactless monitoring of the quality of milk using simultaneous multicomponent analysis. The novelty of this completely automated tool consists of a miniaturized NIR spectrometer operating in a wireless mode that allows samples to be processed in a rapid and accurate way and to obtain in a single click a comprehensive characterization of the chemical composition of milk. To optimize the platform, milk specimens with different origins and compositions were considered and prediction models were developed by chemometric analysis of the NIR spectra using Partial Least Square regression algorithms. Once calibrated, the platform was used to predict samples acquired in the market and validation was performed by comparing results of the novel platform with those obtained from the chromatographic analysis. Results demonstrated the ability of the platform to differentiate milk as a function of the distribution of fatty acids, providing a rapid and non-destructive method to assess the quality of milk and to avoid food adulteration.

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Cultural intelligence of entrepreneurs and international network ties

Management Research Review ◽

10.1108/mrr-09-2013-0214 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 38 (4) ◽

pp. 421-436 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Peerayuth Charoensukmongkol

Keyword(s):

Cultural Intelligence ◽

Export Performance ◽

Small Sample ◽

Partial Least Square ◽

Least Square ◽

Partial Least Square Regression ◽

Foreign Firms ◽

Content Type ◽

Foreign Competitors

Purpose – This paper aimed to investigate whether the cultural intelligence (CQ) of entrepreneurs is associated with the quality of the relationships firms develop with foreign networks. Design/methodology/approach – The samples include small and medium manufacturing firms in Thailand. Data were collected with a self-administered questionnaire survey. A list of 1,000 firms was randomly selected from the directory of Thai exporters. A total of 129 surveys were returned. Partial least square regression was used to analyze the data. Findings – The results revealed a positive association between the CQ of entrepreneurs and the quality of the relationships that small and medium enterprises (SMEs) had with foreign customers, foreign suppliers and foreign competitors. The quality of the relationships was also associated positively with export performance. However, there was no significant evidence for the role of the quality of relationships with foreign competitors in export performance. Research limitations/implications – The use of cross-sectional data makes it difficult to claim causality between the constructs. Moreover, the CQ and export performance measures that use subjective evaluation may cause bias. The small sample size also limits the generalizability of the results. Practical implications – The results suggested that CQ is a key capability entrepreneurs must develop to conduct business more successfully in foreign markets. Social implications – Because SMEs are considered a key driver of a country’s economic development, CQ training could be an important choice on which the government should focus. Furthermore, as the world economy is more integrated, CQ training can significantly help people improve cross-cultural communication skills which are essential for them to be successful in today’s globalized economy. Originality/value – Despite the increasing popularity of CQ research, evidence for its contribution to the ability of entrepreneurs to develop good relationships with foreign firms is lacking. The main contribution of this study is to bridge this research gap by providing empirical evidence.

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Handheld Spectral Sensing Devices Should Not Mislead Consumers as Far as Non-Authentic Food Is Concerned: A Case Study with Adulteration of Milk Powder

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods11010075 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 75

Author(s):

Thierry Delatour ◽

Florian Becker ◽

Julius Krause ◽

Roman Romero ◽

Robin Gruna ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Milk Powder ◽

Partial Least Square ◽

Least Square ◽

Partial Least Square Regression ◽

Handheld Devices ◽

Portable Devices ◽

Food Fraud ◽

Start Up ◽

Orthogonal Signal Correction

With the rising trend of consumers being offered by start-up companies portable devices and applications for checking quality of purchased products, it appears of paramount importance to assess the reliability of miniaturized sensors embedded in such devices. Here, eight sensors were assessed for food fraud applications in skimmed milk powder. The performance was evaluated with dry- and wet-blended powders mimicking adulterated materials by addition of either ammonium sulfate, semicarbazide, or cornstarch in the range 0.5–10% of profit. The quality of the spectra was assessed for an adequate identification of the outliers prior to a deep assessment of performance for both non-targeted (soft independent modelling of class analogy, SIMCA) and targeted analyses (partial least square regression with orthogonal signal correction, OPLS). Here, we show that the sensors have generally difficulties in detecting adulterants at ca. 5% supplementation, and often fail in achieving adequate specificity and detection capability. This is a concern as they may mislead future users, particularly consumers, if they are intended to be developed for handheld devices available publicly in smartphone-based applications.

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ПРОГНОЗУВАННЯ ЯКОСТІ ВОДИ В РІЧКАХ ДУНАЙ ТА СІВЕРСЬКИЙ ДОНЕЦЬ ЗА ДОПОМОГОЮ ГЕОІНФОРМАЦІЙНИХ ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ

World Science ◽

10.31435/rsglobal_ws/30112019/6766 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (11(51)) ◽

pp. 45-49

Author(s):

Васенко О. Г. ◽

Брук В. В. ◽

Карлюк А. А. ◽

Свиридов Ю. В.

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Information System ◽

Geographic Information System ◽

Quality Indicators ◽

Ammonia Nitrogen ◽

Ammonium Nitrogen ◽

Geographic Information ◽

Danube River ◽

Water Quality Indicators

For forecasting of the change of water quality in water object the geographic information system (GIS) of the ecological monitoring had been designed. The geographic information system was applied to analyze the water quality of the Danube and Seversky Donets. With the help of GIS, the main trends of changes in water quality indicators of the Danube Delta were identified. In the Danube River, for the most part, there was a tendency for improvement of water quality during the study period, the tendency for deterioration of water quality was determined only by the indicator of manganese. The tendency for deterioration of water quality was observed in the Siverskyi Donets River by the following indicators: suspended matter and ammonia nitrogen. The main trends of changes in water quality indicators have also been identified in the lakes (Chaika, Lychevoe), which influence the formation of water quality of the Siverskyi Donets River. In Lake Chaika there is a tendency to deteriorate in quality: weighed substances; nitrogen nitrate, chlorides and iron. In this case, the values of some indicators in Lake Chaika (BOD-5 and total iron), in Lake Lichovo (COD, BOD-5, nitrite nitrogen) and in the Siverskyi Donets River (overlying districts, ammonium nitrogen) will be several times higher fishery maximum permissible concentration.

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