scholarly journals Investigating the Effect of High-Rise Buildings’ Mass Geometry on Energy Efficiency within the Climatic Variation of Egypt

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 10529
Author(s):  
Mohanad El-Agami ◽  
Gehad Hanafy ◽  
Medhat Osman
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Climatic Variation ◽  
Geometrical Shape ◽  
Design Factor ◽  
Climatic Regions ◽  
High Rise ◽  
The North

Energy conservation is recently the most important issue all over the world, including in Egypt. Recently, the built environment of Egypt has experienced a dramatic change in its buildings’ typology, with more interest in constructing high-rise buildings. This in turn creates high demand for energy, as high-rise buildings are considered to be one of the most energy-consuming types of buildings. Egypt has a wide variety in its climatic conditions, with seven different inhabited climatic regions, and a further one which is uninhabited. Therefore, integrating the energy efficiency of a building as a major design factor in the early design stages of such a type of buildings is important. This article is concerned with investigating the effect of high-rise buildings’ geometrical shape on the building’s energy consumption within the different climatic regions of Egypt. Four building shapes (square, circular, rectangular, and ellipse) are examined. The long axe of the models is oriented to the north (“the optimum orientation within all regions”), with a window-to-wall ratio (WWR) of 30%. The performance of these models is studied in seven cities representing the inhabited Egyptian climatic regions using simulation software, DesignBuilder, with the EnergyPlus simulation tool. Study findings revealed that adjusting the geometric form of the building significantly affects energy consumption and thermal comfort with climatic variation. The most compact shape, circular, was the most suitable geometrical shape in four regions out of seven. The ellipse shape was found to be the most suitable mass geometry within two other regions, while the square shape was found to be effective in only one region. The results of this research indicate that designers should not use the rectangular shape anywhere across Egypt.

scholarly journals Double or single skin façade in a moderate climate an EnergyPlus assessment

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (suppl. 5) ◽  
pp. 1501-1510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Andjelkovic ◽  
Jovan Petrovic ◽  
Miroslav Kljajic
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Software Tool ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Building Performance ◽  
Main Question ◽  
Building Performance Simulation ◽  
Double Skin

The research analyses the double skin fa?ades concept and their impact on the energy efficiency of buildings. This kind of fa?ade system has the ability to increase the energy efficiency and flexibility of buildings, while improving the quality of the indoor environment. The best way to develop and evaluate this complex type of building structure is the use of total building performance simulation in combination with experimental data. The overall research plan is based on experimental work, the process of validation and the numerical simulation of the validated model. Thus, the task of this part of the research is a comparative analysis between the current state of a building with double skin fa?ades and models with traditional envelope type. The main question that arises is whether and how the double skin fa?ades may contribute to the decrease in the energy consumption of the building by increasing the quality of the thermal comfort of the occupants. The simulation software tool, EnergyPlus in combination with airflow network algorithm, is used for modelling and all necessary energy calculations. The validated model in the analysis is used for comparative evaluation with models with traditional fa?ades. The simulation results for all the models analysed assess what their impact is on the energy consumption for heating and air-conditioning of the building. Comparing to models with traditional fa?ade, the energy analysis shows justification in the climatic conditions of Belgrade. Additionally, simulations results highlighted the necessity for an adequate control strategy of the double skin fa?ades application.

Effect of Smart Glazing Window on Energy Consumption inside Office Building

2020 ◽  
Vol 1008 ◽  
pp. 72-83
Author(s):  
Asmaa Mohammed Nageib ◽  
Abbas Mohamed El-Zafarany ◽  
Fatma Osman Mohamed ◽  
Mohamed Helmy El-Hefnawy
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Office Buildings ◽  
Smart Windows ◽  
Upper Egypt ◽  
Natural Lighting ◽  
North East ◽  
Office Rooms

The office buildings in Egypt, especially in Upper Egypt, reflect serious problems in achieving for energy efficiency as a result of increasing the use of mechanical refrigeration devices in office rooms, due to solar radiation and rising summer temperatures in recent years. Smart windows can play an important role in reducing significantly the energy consumption and maintaining energy inside buildings, also helps to control incoming solar radiation in order to minimize solar gain, especially in summer as well as ensuring the best natural lighting conditions without glare inside a room. This paper aims to evaluate the most efficient daylight and thermal performance of various types of the smart glazing and its impact on the energy consumption in the climatic conditions of one of the office buildings (Diwan governorate) in Sohag governorate as one of Upper Egypt governorates, with determining the best smart glass types for efficient use of energy. The paper follows the theoretical, applied, by studying types of smart glazing and their relation to achieving the energy efficiency. Then using (Energy Plus) simulation tool, which has been used in utilizing its modeling orientation (Design Builder) to study using types of smart glazing on the model of an office room in Building of Diwan governorate of Sohag in the four different orientations (North, East, South and West), when window-to-floor ratios (WFRs) (8%, 16%, 24% and 32%). The paper ends with a presentation of the most important results, recommendations and determination the best types of smart glass that provides energy, daylight without glare and providing greater comfort to users.

scholarly journals Investigating the impacts of a changing climate on the risk of overheating and energy performance for a UK retirement village adapted to the nZEB standards

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 470-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radwa Salem ◽  
Ali Bahadori-Jahromi ◽  
Anastasia Mylona
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Zero Energy ◽  
Changing Climate ◽  
Retirement Village

The death toll of the 2003 heat wave in Europe exceeded 35,000 heat-related deaths. The elderly population were the most affected. The current paradigm within the construction industry in cold-dominant countries is to design/retrofit buildings with high levels of insulation. Whilst thermal comfort may be reached during colder months with this approach, the risk of overheating can be increased during hotter months. This paper aims to examine the impacts of a changing climate on the risk of overheating and energy performance for a UK retirement village. For this study, the buildings within the retirement village will be designed to reach the nearly zero energy building standard. Consequently, the risk of overheating of the buildings within the retirement village as they currently stand and as zero energy buildings will be investigated under current and future climatic conditions. The analysis is carried out using thermal analysis simulation software (TAS, Edsl). Combined heat and power and combined cooling, heat and power will be investigated as mitigating strategies with regard to overheating. The results of this study do not undermine the importance of continuing to improve the energy efficiency of existing buildings but rather highlight that the approach undertaken should be reconsidered. Practical application: Currently, there is emphasis placed on retrofitting and designing buildings, with high energy efficiency standards. Whilst this is in line with our vision as a society towards reaching a decarbonised, sustainable future, this work highlights that doing so, carries risks with regard to overheating. Nonetheless, the results demonstrate that with the incorporation of suitable mitigation strategies and adequate ventilation strategies, it is possible to achieve an energy efficient building that meets the heating and cooling demand (and thereby thermal comfort of occupants) during the heating and non-heating season.

scholarly journals FACTORS OF THERMODYNAMICAL APPROACH TO BUILDINGS LIFE CYCLE/PASTATO GYVAVIMO CIKLO TERMODINAMINIO VERTINIMO VEIKSNIAI

1996 ◽  
Vol 2 (7) ◽  
pp. 75-84
Author(s):  
Vytautas Martinaitis
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Thermodynamic Evaluation ◽  
Climatic Regions ◽  
Minimum Requirements ◽  
Building Life Cycle

The article suggests that non-industrial buildings in Lithuania consume half the final energy including appr.70% heat produced in electric power plants and boiler-houses. In order to ensure standard heating and ventilation conditions for these buildings in terms of climate parameters of a normal year it would require heat consumption of some 22 TWh. However, the energy is required not only for operation and maintenance of the building (for active microclimatic conditioning systems—AMCS), but also for setting up the building (for passive microclimatic conditioning systems—PMCS). The above input is therefore determined by technological level in the building and building materials industries. Rather exact evaluations show that in the course of several next years already, primary energy consumption used for a building maintenance shall be equal to that used while construction thereof. In terms of a building life cycle, this is a fairly short term. Therefore these buildings in terms of energetic approach make an intensive energy-consumption system. It is hereby suggested to apply an exergic analysis for a life cycle of a building under certain climatic conditions and PMCS and AMCS combinations defined by the local produce technology level. Using solely economical (both direct or derived) criteria for this intention is therefore insufficient, because the reliability of economic forecasts for longer prospect falls below any other forecasts of physical quantities. As an example for this, a globally-ecological evaluation of energetic systems based on thermodynamics is therefore presented, and is characterised by thermo-economic and exergo-economic criteria. Further, the article provides formulas and indices for thermodynamic evaluation of climatic conditions which indicate minimum requirements of exergy for operation of AMCS. Furthermore, MCS operating points and zones characteristic of different climatic regions are provided. Tasks for MCS thermodynamic analysis have been formulated to include the processes of production of building and insulation materials, and construction erection process. These should be considered the first three stages of the above task: indices of present exergic input in production of materials; forecast of potential exergic input in production of materials; thermodynamic optimisation of technological processes and equipment of building materials. It is therefore considered, that the integration of separate exergic loss components of building life cycle into a general optimisation task shall enable establishment of thermodynamically-optimum combination of exergic use in the buildings under concrete climatic conditions. This would launch, apart from economic, social and ecological aspects, an approach for handling strategic issues of construction and energetic interaction.

Characterization of Thermal Inertia and Footprint Carbon of Clay-Wool, Clay-Cork, and Clay-Plastic Composites

2021 ◽  
Vol 886 ◽  
pp. 213-227
Author(s):  
Soumia Mounir ◽  
Youssef Maaloufa ◽  
Khabbazi Abdelhamid ◽  
Khalid El Harrouni
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Thermal Inertia ◽  
Cold Season ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
A Value ◽  
Cold Area ◽  
Low Carbon Emission

Passive solutions in the concept of energy efficiency play an important role in reducing energy consumption, and emissions of CO2. However, controlling the parameters of walls, and roof thermal Inertia is the perfect way to ensure comfort inside houses. In this paper, an investigation of thermal inertia behavior, and energy efficiency of clay with natural, and industrial additives: cork, wool, and waste of plastic. The use of those materials will improve the comfort of the inhabitants of the cold area who suffer from the hard climatic conditions, not just the block’s clay will be extracted from the same area but also they will be sun backed, the thing which will reduce the huge energy consumption of brickyard. A study of the energy efficiency of those materials was done using TRNSYS, and an evaluation of their environmental impact was evaluated by calculating their emissions in terms of CO2. The results obtained indicate an important characteristic in term of thermal Inertia, for a value of thermal transmittance of U= 0.55 W.m-2.K-1, we need 0.9m thickness of wall using the heavy concrete, however, if we use clay, we gain 69 %, clay-plastic we gain 79 %, clay cork, we gain 87 %, and by clay-wool, we earn 89 % in term of the wall’s thickness. For the delay of the heat flow of a wall of 25 cm, we could assure a delay of above 11h instead of just 2h for the heavy concrete. Concerning the heating need during a year during the cold season, the clay presents a need for 1500 KJ.h-1. Concerning the footprint carbon, the composite clay-cork has a negative footprint carbon; however, the clay and clay-wool present a low carbon emission near zero when the clay-plastic and the heavy concrete present the highest value of emissions.

Energy Efficiency Design Strategies for Greenhouse in Colorado

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Byung Chang Kwag ◽  
Moncef Krarti
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Agricultural Industry ◽  
Heating Systems ◽  
Outdoor Climate ◽  
Reduce Energy Consumption

A basic principle of well designed greenhouse design emphasizes the utilization of solar energy as much as possible to grow the plants indoors during extreme outdoor climate conditions. Greenhouses can use significant amount of energy due to several factors including poor envelope design, inappropriate maintenance practices, and heavy reliance on fuel-based heating systems. In order to reduce energy consumption in the agricultural industry of Colorado, it is important to design energy efficient greenhouses under Colorado climatic conditions.

scholarly journals Determining Proper Daylighting Design Solution for Visual Comfort and Lighting Energy Efficiency: A Case Study for High-Rise Residential Building

2021 ◽  
Vol 2069 (1) ◽  
pp. 012156
Author(s):  
Z A Kiliç ◽  
A Köknel Yener
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Design Solution ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Visual Comfort ◽  
Dynamic Simulations ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Lighting Energy ◽  
Daylight Performance

Abstract Promoting the daylight performance that allows to provide visual comfort conditions by minimizing lighting energy consumption is possible with making a balance of window size, glazing type and shading strategy, which are the major design parameters of the daylighting system. Particularly, in high-rise buildings, where large openings enabling higher daylight availability and view out are preferred, the daylighting system becomes a crucial design consideration in terms of ensuring occupants’ visual comfort and improving lighting energy efficiency. This study aims to identify a proper daylighting design solution with regard to window area, glazing type and shading strategy for a high-rise residential building located in Istanbul considering visual comfort and lighting energy efficiency. The dynamic simulations are carried out by DIVA for Rhino version 4.1.0.12. The results are evaluated with the Daylight Autonomy (DA) to detect daylight availability in the space and Daylight Glare Probability (DGP) to describe the visual comfort conditions related to glare. Furthermore, the lighting energy consumption of each alternative is also analysed to determine the proper daylighting solution. The results have revealed that a proper daylighting solution providing visual comfort by improving lighting energy-efficiency can be determined by the evaluation of the daylight performance both qualitatively and quantitatively.

scholarly journals The Impact of External Shading Design on the Building Energy Consumption

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamid Eskandari ◽  
Mehdi Saedvandi ◽  
Mohammadjavad Mahdavinejad
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Thermal Loads ◽  
Islamic Architecture ◽  
Climatic Regions ◽  
Dry Climates ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Different Climates

In this paper, the effect of an exterior shading element (Iwan) on energy consumption in four different climatic regions, and for different geographical directions, has been investigated numerically and experimentally. By applying different materials and techniques and creating various elements and spaces, architects make hard climatic conditions more tolerable for residents. Iwan is one of the cooling elements which is used in different forms and dimensions in the Islamic architecture. In the present research, Iwan has been introduced as a climatic element in traditional and contemporary architectures and its role in reducing the energy consumption in buildings has been studied. In this respect, first, the thermal loads of a building without Iwan are computed by means of EnergyPlus software. Then, four different forms of Iwan are added to the above-mentioned structure along the four principal geographical directions, and the effect of Iwan on the reduction of thermal loads is analyzed for four different climates. Finally, the design parameters of Iwan, in terms of depth and form, that can help reduce the thermal loads in different climatic conditions are presented. The results show that the best position for using an Iwan is the south direction and the use of Iwan in temperate & humid, hot & humid, cold & mountainous and hot & dry climates could reduce the energy consumption in buildings by 32%, 26%, 14%, and 29%, respectively.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF RESULTS OF MEASURES PERFORMED TO INCREASE ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN VASIL KARAGIOZOV HIGH SCHOOL OF YAMBOL, BULGARIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 306-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Binev
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Improve Energy Efficiency ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Impact

The report analyzes the results of the implemented measures to improve energy efficiency in Vasil Karagiozov High school of Yambol, Bulgaria. Energy savings are determined by measuring and/or calculating energy consumption with previously adopted baseline levels, implementing a measure or program to improve energy efficiency by providing normalized corrections corresponding to the impact of specific climatic conditions on energy use. A reference heating energy consumption of 38.62 kWh/m2 was determined after the renovation of the building. Comparing the reference energy costs for heating before and after the implementation of the energy saving measures show a real decrease of the energy consumption for heating by 53.44%. Compared to the reference energy consumption for heating before and after the energy saving measures show an actual reduction of energy consumption for heating by 47.86%.

scholarly journals Investigating The Impact Of Thermal Mass Towards Energy Efficient Housing In Canada

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tasnuva Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
High Mass ◽  
Thermal Mass ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
R Value ◽  
The Impact

The building industry is striving for environmental friendly and energy efficient facility developments, as we have used most of our natural resources for comfortable living. Therefore energy efficient houses are very significant to reduce energy consumption. Thermal mass can be used as one of the many techniques of energy efficiency in the housing industry. Thermal mass can store heat in it which can be released at a later time. This behaviour of thermal mass can play a significant role in heating and cooling energy consumption of houses. This study investigates the impact of thermal mass on heating and cooling energy performance of a detached house and a row attached house, which are two main types of housing in Canada. Energy Plus simulation software has been used in the study. Also the study includes two different climatic conditions in Canada, such as Toronto and Vancouver, to envision how thermal mass behaviour changes with climates. All these different studies show thermal mass has significant impact on reduced energy consumption (15% savings in Vancouver for CCHT house) and lowering indoor air temperature. Other strategies such as insulation high R value, increased south face glazing and reduced glazing U value have been integrated with thermal mass to see energy performance in both climates. It hows more energy reduction than only thermal mass strategy. For instance, in CCHT house insulation high R value with concrete high mass reduces maximum 27% of total energy for Vancouver location.

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