scholarly journals Heavy Metal Contamination and Human Health Implications in the Chan Thnal Reservoir, Cambodia

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 13538
Author(s):  
Lita Chheang ◽  
Nisakorn Thongkon ◽  
Tongchai Sriwiriyarat ◽  
Sudtida Pliankarom Thanasupsin
Keyword(s):  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Agricultural Runoff ◽  
The People ◽  
Exposure Pathway ◽  
Metal Levels ◽  
Protection Strategies ◽  
Potential Toxic Metals

Chan Thnal reservoir, built during the Pol Pot period, is the major water source for the people in Krang Chek commune, Kampong Speu Province, Cambodia. Metal pollution caused by agricultural activities, improper wastewater treatment, and municipal waste disposal poses serious environmental health problems. In this study, the concentrations of four potential toxic metals (i.e., Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn) from six locations across the reservoir were investigated both in the water and sediment. The results reflected progressive deterioration and indicated moderate to heavy pollution from the metals. The metal levels in the water were in the order of Zn > Cu > Pb > Cd. The statistical analysis revealed primary sources of heavy metals contamination in the water. Cd, Cu, Zn, and Pb in the water likely originate from anthropogenic activities including agricultural runoff (i.e., the use of fertilizers and pesticides) and urban runoff (i.e., improper wastewater discharge and waste disposal). Among the four metals, the Pb levels in the water significantly exceeded the guideline for drinking water in all locations. The health risk assessment revealed serious non-carcinogenic risks of Pb intake in the children at the age below 10 and infants. Appropriate control and protection strategies are urgently needed to cut off the main Pb exposure pathway in pregnant women, children, and infants.

scholarly journals Assessment of Contamination Potential of Groundwater Adjacent to the Waste Disposal Site at Khulna: Contamination Indices, Multivariate Statistics and Geostatistical Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-20
Author(s):  
Islam M Rafizul ◽  
Debatosh Banik Partha
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Disposal Site ◽  
Waste Disposal Site ◽  
Metal Elements ◽  
Contamination Indices ◽  
Geostatistical Approach

This study aimed to evaluate the contamination potential of groundwater using various contamination indices available in the literature. To these attempts, fifteen groundwater samples were collected during rainy and dry seasons from the selected tubewells located nearby waste disposal site at Rajbandh, Khulna, Bangladesh. In the laboratory, the concentration of metal elements such as Fe, Mn, Cr, Cu, Pb, Zn, Ni, Cd, Na, K, Ca, As and Mg in groundwater were measured through stanadard methods. The contamination indices such as groundwater quality index (GWQI), degree of contamination (Cd), heavy metal evaluation index (HEI) and heavy metal contamination index (HPI) were used to quantify the level of contamination of groundwater. The values of GWQI, Cd, HEI and HPI of groundwater were found less in rainy season than that of dry season due to dilution of groundwater. GWQI reveals that 26.67% of tubewells yield very poor, while, 73.33% of poor water condition. The result of principal component analysis (PCA) indicates that As contamination in groundwater caused from anthropogenic activities, while, Na, Ca and Mg from natural sources. Pearson’s correlations indicates that most of the metal elements were in highly positive correlations with each other. The spatial distribution of various indices reveals that contamination of groundwater was found comparatively higher in the nearest tubewells and decreases in relation to the increasing of water sampling distances. The outcome of this study will further be helpful for other researchers to quantify the level of contamination of groundwater from tubewells. Journal of Engineering Science 12(1), 2021, 9-20

scholarly journals Pengaruh Aspek Pengetahuan dan Pendidikan Masyarakat Tepi Sungai Kapuas dalam Membuang Sampah

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Ulli Kadaria ◽  
Dian Rahayu Jati
Keyword(s):  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Public Perception ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
The People ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Government

Abstract: Influence Of Knowledge And Education Aspects Of Kapuas Riverside Community In Waste Disposal. The people of Pontianak City are very dependent on the Kapuas river. Besides being used as a raw water source for Local Water Supply Utility (PDAM) and means of transportation, the government also has launched waterfront city program which changed the public perception of looking at the river as the backyard for waste disposal into the front yard that must be taken care of. This will not happen without the support of the people who live on the banks of the river, because factually the people still throw their waste, bathe, wash their clothes, and defecate in the river. Study related to people’s behaviour in waste disposal on the banks of the river is needed to facilitate the formulation of waste handling. The purpose of the research is to know the relationship of society at the edge of capungan in throwing garbage in place waste disposal. This research was analytical descriptive with observation, interview, and questionnaire. The number of samples are40 people were randomly scattered in five districts which are passed through by Kapuas river.Data were analyzed using univariate analysis with frequency distribution table and bivariate analysis using chi-square test. The result of bivariate analysis with chi-square test and significant of alpha 0,05 found no correlation between knowledge with people’s behaviour in waste disposal (p-value = 0,492), and had a significant relationship between education with people’s behaviour in waste disposal (p-value = 0,015).Abstrak: Pengaruh Aspek Pengetahuan Dan Pendidikan Masyarakat Tepi Sungai Kapuas Dalam Membuang Sampah.  Masyarakat Kota Pontianak sangat bergantung terhadap Sungai Kapuas. Selain digunakan sebagai sumber air baku Perusahaan Daerah Air Minum (PDAM), dan sarana transportasi, Pemerintah juga mencanangkan program waterfront city yang mengubah persepsi masyarakat memandang sungai sebagai halaman belakang untuk membuang limbah menjadi halaman depan yang harus dipelihara. Hal ini tidak akan terwujud tanpa dukungan masyarakat yang tinggal di tepi sungai, karena fakta di lapangan menunjukkan masih banyak masyarakat yang membuang sampah dan melakukan aktivitas MCK di sungai. Dibutuhkan studi terkait perilaku masyarakat di tepi sungai dalam membuang sampah agar memudahkan dalam formulasi penanganan sampah. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui hubungan masyarakat di tepi sungai kapuas dalam membuang sampah di TPS. Penelitian bersifat deskriptif analitik dengan observasi, interview, dan kuisioner. Sampel yang diambil sebanyak 40 orang secara acak dan tersebar di 5 (lima) Kecamatan yang dilalui Sungai Kapuas. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis secara univariat dengan tabel distribusi frekuensi dan analisis bivariat menggunakan uji chi-square. Hasil analisis bivariat menggunakan uji chi-square dengan alpha 0,05 didapatkan tidak ada hubungan antara pengetahuan dengan perilaku membuang sampah (p-value= 0,492), dan terdapat hubungan signifikan antara pendidikan terhadap perilaku membuang sampah (p-value= 0,015).

scholarly journals Heavy metal levels in cattle egrets (Bubulcus ibis) foraging in some abattoirs in Lagos State metropolis

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elijah Abakpa Adegbe ◽  
Oluwaseyi Oluwabukola Babajide ◽  
Lois Riyo Maina ◽  
Shola Elijah Adeniji
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Accumulation ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Heavy Metal Accumulation ◽  
Bubulcus Ibis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Metal Levels ◽  
Lagos State ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background Heavy metal accumulation in the ecosystem constitutes a potential toxic effect which is hazardous to human health. Increasing environmental pollution has necessitated the use of cattle egrets to evaluate the levels of heavy metal contamination, to establish their use in biomonitoring of heavy metals and to provide data for monitoring pollution in the environment. Results The present study assessed the utilization of Bubulcus ibis in monitoring pollution in five abattoirs, namely Agege, Bariga, Kara, Itire and Idi-Araba, all situated in Lagos State. The concentration of five (5) heavy metals, cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) was determined in the liver, muscle and feather of Bubulcus ibis using the atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The trend of metal accumulation was in the order: Zn > Cu > Pb > Cd > Ni for all the sampled tissues. The mean tissue concentrations of the metals were significantly different (p < 0.05) among the sites. The highest levels of metal concentration were reported in the liver in all the locations. Mean concentration of Cd in Kara (0.003 ± 0.00058) was significantly (p < 0.05) higher than those found at Agege (0.0013 ± 0.00058) and Idi-Araba (0.001 ± 0.001). A significant difference (p < 0.05) was also observed between the mean concentrations of Cu in Bariga (0.01 ± 0.001) and Idi-Araba (0.003 ± 0.001). Conclusion All the studied heavy metals were present in the liver, muscle and feathers of the cattle egrets. The contamination levels were ascertained from the study which indicated that cattle egrets are useful in biomonitoring studies and the generated data will serve as baseline data which could be compared with data from other locations for monitoring heavy metal pollution.

Studi Analisa Potensi Sumber Air sebagai Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Mikrohidro (PLTMH) di Karungan Kelurahan Mamburungan Timur Kota Tarakan

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-26
Author(s):  
Hadi Santoso ◽  
Eris Santoso ◽  
Ruslim Ruslim
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Water Discharge ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Hydro Power ◽  
The People ◽  
City Water

The supply of electrical energy in Tarakan City, North Kalimantan, still relies on diesel power which uses a limited number of petroleum energy sources. There is a need for research related to renewable energy sources that have the potential to become alternative energy for the people of Tarakan City. Water is an energy source that has great potential to generate electricity. The energy source that should be taken into account is micro-hydro which can be used as a Micro-hydro Power Plant (PLTMH). A survey of micro-hydro sources in Tarakan City, precisely in the Karungan area, East Mamburungan Village, has been carried out with the direct measurement method of water discharge and the relationship with the power generated. The result shows the water source has a discharge 0.00034 m3/ s, the water velocity of 0.035 m/s and generates power only up to 1.1 watts. Based on the power obtained, the water source in this place cannot be used as a source of micro-hydro energy, but has the potential as a source of pico-hydro energy.

scholarly journals Trace Metal Contamination Characteristics and Health Risks Assessment ofCommelina africanaL. and Psammitic Sandflats in the Niger Delta, Nigeria

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nsikak U. Benson ◽  
Paul A. Enyong ◽  
Omowunmi H. Fred-Ahmadu
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metal ◽  
Niger Delta ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Hazard Quotient ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Metal Levels

The purpose of this study was to investigate and quantify trace metal concentrations inCommelina africanaL. and psammitic sandflats from an intertidal coastal ecosystem in Niger Delta, Nigeria, and to evaluate their spatial distribution, degree of contamination, and source apportionment. The environmental risks associated with soil contamination were elaborately assessed using potential ecological risk index, sediment quality guidelines, and enrichment relative to background levels. The mean concentrations of Cd, Cr, Ni, Pb, and Zn in sandflat soil samples are0.76±9.0×10-2,7.39±8.7×10-1,2.28±0.35,0.024±4.0×10-3, and74.51±2.55 mg/kg, respectively. Metal levels indicate strong variability with sampling sites. The order of trace metal concentrations in theCommelina africanaL. samples isZn>Ni>Cr>Pb>Cd. The concentrations varied with the sample locations; and the levels of Pb (0.05 to 0.08 mg/kg) at all locations are found to be significantly below permissible level of 0.3 mg/kg. Potential sources of metal loadings may be associated with localised or diffused anthropogenic activities. The average carcinogenic risks are below1.0×10-6threshold values, and the sandflat soils are not considered to pose significant health effects to children and adult males and females. However, the carcinogenicity and noncarcinogenicity risks ranking decrease following the orderchildren>adult  males>adult  females. Comparatively, the hazard quotient and hazard index indicate that the psammitic sandflats might pose a health risk to children in future.

scholarly journals Environmental Impact Statement on Kolleru Lake Water

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 2509-2512
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Lake Water ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Agricultural Runoff ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Surface Water Bodies ◽  
Alternative Water ◽  
The Impact

Catchments are most important for the purpose of practicing irrigation and recharging groundwater by collecting water during the rainy season so that the nearby land will be in surplus quantity of groundwater due to the continues percolation of water from the catchments, even the stored water in the form of catchments will be used as an alternative water source for other requirements apart from the irrigation practices such as for industries and other developmental activities taking place nearby the catchments. Year by year it was noticed that in the world scenario the pollutant concentration is keep on increasing especially water and air pollution due to the excessive load of population that is increasing from the rural to urban areas [10]. Coming to water pollution the major portion of pollution is increasing in the surface water bodies [4] due to various activities like surface runoff, intentionally releasing of untreated effluents from the nearby industries into the catchments [8] and the agricultural runoff etc, whatever the reason there is an immediate need and an emergency to monitor these catchments as the average rainfall is gradually decreasing due to the changing climatic conditions like global warming which leads to the reduced availability of water in the surface water bodies at the other side the existing water is being contaminated [5] by the activities of nearby people. The impact will be severe when the same situation continues in the days to come where the living standards of the people will be decreased at a notable level and the impact will be much more severe on the irrigated land which depends on the catchments. The study has done at Kolleru Lake in west godavari district, Andhra Pradesh. Collected Six Water samples from six locations around the lake for analysis [7] and then the results of the analysis compared with Central Pollution Control Board 1979and Indian standards 1982 guidelines for water in the surface water bodies to find out the present scenario of lake water.

scholarly journals Environmental assessment of contaminants in a downstream area of a landfill

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 972
Author(s):  
E. Koutsopoulou ◽  
K. Katsanou ◽  
D. Papoulis ◽  
E. Zagana ◽  
P. Tsolis- Katagas
Keyword(s):  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Surface Runoff ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Environmental Risks ◽  
Disposal Site ◽  
Waste Disposal Site ◽  
Chemically Modified ◽  
Modified Surface ◽  
Downstream Area ◽  
Surface Water Samples

Therefore, the evaluation of environmental risks associated with a landfill and the effect of landfill surface runoff was investigated. Soil samples were collected in the downstream area of the waste disposal site and their mineralogy was studied. An appraisal of the heavy metal contamination in the area was attempted. Top layers of sediments seem to interact with chemically modified surface runoff waters from the landfill. Heavy metals such as As and Pb were in significant concentrations in the sediments within a distance of 200 m from the site. Anions such as chloride, sulphate and phosphate adsorbed on clay minerals suggest the interaction of sediments with surface runoff from the waste disposal site. Inorganic parameters NH4 + and NO2 - in surface water samples are above or slightly below the guidelines recommended by EE and WHO. The results indicated that environmental monitoring of the landfill is considered essential.

Conclusion

2020 ◽  
pp. 200-240
Author(s):  
Rosemary A. Joyce
Keyword(s):  
Native American ◽  
Nuclear Waste ◽  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Empty Space ◽  
Department Of Energy ◽  
Local Populations ◽  
The People ◽  
The Us ◽  
Us West

The concluding chapter explores the visions of the future that experts involved in advising the US Department of Energy developed, as formal parts of their planning documents. These narratives are almost the only place in the planning process where the specific local populations are mentioned. Turning to the question of the people who live in these areas, this chapter explores Native American responses to nuclear waste disposal planning. It contrasts the vision of the US West as an empty space appropriate for waste with indigenous ontologies in which space is full of animate force. The chapter explores the way fiction, narrative, and performances have been cited as possibly better ways to ward off intrusion in dangerous waste sites than any passive system of markers.

scholarly journals Zeolite for Potential Toxic Metal Uptake from Contaminated Soil: A Brief Review

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 820
Author(s):  
Claudia Belviso
Keyword(s):  
Metal Uptake ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Fossil Fuel Combustion ◽  
Silica Adsorbents ◽  
Crude Oil Production ◽  
Potential Toxic Metals ◽  
Synthetic Zeolites ◽  
Global Data

Soil pollution is an increasingly urgent problem for the global environment. Soil can be contaminated with potential toxic metals from many anthropogenic activities, besides fossil fuel combustion and crude oil production, ranging from industry to mining and agriculture. Many technologies have been analysed to solve this type of environmental pollution and methods involving the use of minerals (e.g., clay minerals, zeolites, and natural silica adsorbents) are widely described in the literature. This article provides a summary of studies concerning the use of zeolites in soil remediation. A considerable number of these experiments were conducted using natural zeolites, while fewer concerned the utilization of synthetic zeolites. The mechanism controlling the successful application of these minerals was analysed through referring to global data published on this topic over the last few decades. This review also briefly discusses the limitations on zeolite applications and the drawbacks of the approaches analysed.

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