scholarly journals Does Shade Impact Coffee Yield, Tree Trunk, and Soil Moisture on Coffea canephora Plantations in Mondulkiri, Cambodia?

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 13823
Author(s):  
Lenka Ehrenbergerová ◽  
Marie Klimková ◽  
Yessika Garcia Cano ◽  
Hana Habrová ◽  
Samuel Lvončík ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Coffea Canephora ◽  
Total Weight ◽  
Coffee Bean ◽  
Coffee Plantations ◽  
Coffee Yield ◽  
Coffee Plants ◽  
Coffee Cultivation ◽  
Bean Weight

Shade is a natural condition for coffee plants; however, unshaded plantations currently predominate in Asia. The benefits of shading increase as the environment becomes less favorable for coffee cultivation, e.g., because of climate change. It is necessary to determine the effects of shade on the yield of Coffea canephora and on the soil water availability. Therefore, three coffee plantations (of 3, 6, and 9 ha) in the province of Mondulkiri, Cambodia, were selected to evaluate the effect of shade on Coffea canephora yields, coffee bush trunk changes, and soil moisture. Our study shows that shade-grown coffee delivers the same yields as coffee that is grown without shading in terms of coffee bean weight or size (comparing average values and bean variability), the total weight of coffee fruits per coffee shrub and the total weight of 100 fruits (fresh and dry). Additionally, fruit ripeness was not influenced by shade in terms of variability nor in terms of a possible delay in ripening. There was no difference in the coffee stem diameter changes between shaded and sunny sites, although the soil moisture was shown to be higher throughout the shaded sites.

scholarly journals Impacts of water availability on macronutrients in fruit and leaves of conilon coffee

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (9) ◽  
pp. 1025-1037 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Monzoli Covre ◽  
Fábio Luiz Partelli ◽  
Robson Bonomo ◽  
Marcelo Antônio Tomaz ◽  
José Cochicho Ramalho
Keyword(s):  
Water Availability ◽  
Irrigation Treatment ◽  
Coffea Canephora ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Accumulation Rates ◽  
Split Plot ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Beginning Of Flowering ◽  
Accumulation Curves ◽  
Coffee Plants

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the concentrations and accumulation of macronutrients in conilon coffee (Coffea canephora) fruit, and their concentrations in leaves, over two years, in irrigated and nonirrigated coffee plants. Three-year-old conilon coffee plants of the cultivar Emcapa 8111 genotype 02 were used. An experimental design was carried out in randomized complete blocks, in a split-plot arrangement, with 14 replicates. The main plot factor was irrigation versus nonirrigation of coffee plants, and the split-plot factor was different fruit and leaf collection times. Collections began 10 days after the beginning of flowering and were performed on average every 28 days, until full fruit ripening. At each sampling date, five plants per treatment were picked out, by collecting one plagiotropic branch by plant, separated into fruit and leaves. Each part was dried, weighed, and subjected to the chemical analysis. Macronutrient accumulations and their accumulation rates were determined. According to the regression analysis of the data, fruit macronutrient accumulation curves fit best to sigmoidal equations. Irrigation affects the macronutrient dynamics in fruit and leaves during the fruiting phase of conilon coffee, and increases the accumulation of nutrients in the plant tissues. The macronutrients found in greater quantities are N, K, and Ca, in fruit and leaves, regardless of the irrigation treatment.

scholarly journals Impacts of drought and temperature stress on coffee physiology and production: a review

2006 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fábio M. DaMatta ◽  
José D. Cochicho Ramalho
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Coffee Bean ◽  
Marginal Lands ◽  
Climatic Fluctuations ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Coffee Yield ◽  
Coffee Cultivation

Overall, drought and unfavourable temperatures are the major climatic limitations for coffee production. These limitations are expected to become increasingly important in several coffee growing regions due to the recognized changes in global climate, and also because coffee cultivation has spread towards marginal lands, where water shortage and unfavourable temperatures constitute major constraints to coffee yield. In this review, we examine the impacts of such limitations on the physiology, and consequently on the production of mainly Coffea arabica and C. canephora, which account for about 99 % of the world coffee bean production. The first section deals with climatic factors and the coffee plant’s requirements. The importance of controlling oxidative stress for the expression of drought and cold tolerance abilities is emphasized in the second section. In the third section, we examine the impacts of drought on cell-water relations, stomatal behaviour and water use, photosynthesis and crop yield, carbon and nitrogen metabolism, root growth and characteristics, and on drought tolerance. In the fourth section, the impacts of low positive and high temperatures on coffee physiology are discussed; some insights about effects of negative temperatures are also presented. Finally, the last section deals with shading in harsh environments as a mean of buffering climatic fluctuations, as well as of increasing environmental sustainability in coffee exploitation.

scholarly journals Relationships between soil class and nutritional status of coffee plantations

2005 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Guilherme Salvador Wadt
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Multidimensional Scaling ◽  
Coffea Canephora ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Scaling Analysis ◽  
Coffee Plantations ◽  
Soil Class ◽  
Farm Planning ◽  
Coffee Plants ◽  
Foliar Concentration

Farm planning requires an assessment of the soil class. Research suggest that the Diagnosis and Recommendation Integrated System (DRIS) has the capacity to evaluate the nutritional status of coffee plantations, regardless of environmental conditions. Additionally, the use of DRIS could reduce the costs for farm planning. This study evaluated the relationship between the soil class and nutritional status of coffee plants (Coffea canephora Pierre) using the Critical Level (CL) and DRIS methods, based on two multivariate statistical methods (discriminant and multidimensional scaling analyses). During three consecutive years, yield and foliar concentration of nutrients (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, B, Zn, Mn, Fe and Cu) were obtained from coffee plantations cultivated in Espírito Santo state. Discriminant analysis showed that the soil class was an important factor determining the nutritional status of the coffee plants. The grouping separation by the CL method was not as effective as the DRIS one. The bidimensional analysis of Euclidean distances did not show the same relationship between plant nutritional status and soil class. Multidimensional scaling analysis by the CL method indicated that 93.3 % of the crops grouped into one cluster, whereas the DRIS method split the fields more evenly into three clusters. The DRIS method thus proved to be more consistent than the CL method for grouping coffee plantations by soil class.

scholarly journals Integrated Control of Coffee Bean Borer (Hypothenemus Hampei) on Sigararutang Coffee, Motung Village, Ajibata Sub-district, Toba Samosir District, Sumatera Utara

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-61
Author(s):  
Suswati Suswati ◽  
Sumihar Hutapea ◽  
Rehia Isabella Barus ◽  
Setiawan Setiawan ◽  
Ade Prayoga Hutapea
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Control ◽  
Coffee Bean ◽  
Hypothenemus Hampei ◽  
Knowledge And Skills ◽  
Plant Cultivation ◽  
Management Measures ◽  
Coffee Plants ◽  
Coffee Cultivation ◽  
Cultivation Techniques ◽  
And Control

Integrated control Hypothenemus hampei in  Saurdot farmer group, Motung Village, Ajibata District, Toba Samosir Regency, North Sumatra. The purpose of the activity was to increase the knowledge and skills of farmers about H.hampei and their management measures by improving cultivation techniques. The socialization of coffee borer pest management has been carried out by improving crop cultivation through spacing, crop pruning, chemical control and planting refugia plants. Partner problems are overcome by a number of technological solutions, which are carried out using technology transfer methods through education, training, demonstration plots, and mentoring. Socialization activities can increase farmers' knowledge about coffee berry borer (CBB) pests and its environmentally friendly control. The prototype of healthy coffee cultivation is very beneficial in increasing the knowledge and skills of Saurdot farmer group members in coffee cultivation. There is an increase in both knowledge and skills in the application of plant cultivation techniques. coffee specifically about the spacing of coffee seedlings increased by 15.38%, the distance of the shading trees around 50%, the selection of protective trees only about 50%, pruning coffee plants around 54%, pruning of shading trees around 25%, applying basic fertilizer and supplementary fertilizers around 50% in addition, there was also an increase in the group in the introduction of plant pests and control methods. There was an increase in the knowledge of partner groups about the type of pest of coffee plants by 11.11%, CBB pest  by 51.11%, about CBB pest control by 50% and knowledge about the types of pesticides in controlling CBB by 50%

scholarly journals Abundancia y riqueza de hongos micorrizógenos arbusculares en cafetales del Soconusco, Chiapas, México

2017 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincenzo Bertolini ◽  
Noé Manuel Montaño ◽  
Eduardo Chimal Sánchez ◽  
Lucía Varela Fregoso ◽  
Jaime Gómez Ruiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Coffea Canephora ◽  
Tropical Region ◽  
P Availability ◽  
Coffee Plantations ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Amf Communities ◽  
Coffee Cultivation

In the Mexican economy, particularly in the Soconusco region of Chiapas, the cultivation of coffee generates significant inputs; however, coffee plants are susceptible to pests and diseases, so it is necessary to reinforce its production through sustainable management. In this study, we searched for the native arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) that could be used as biofertilizers in coffee cultivation. We collected 21 soil samples coming from seven coffee plantations (Coffea canephora) in the Soconusco region Chiapas, Mexico in November 2015. We isolated the spores of AMF by the wet sieving and decanting method to quantify their abundance, richness and composition of morphospecies, as well as their relationships with soil properties. A total of 20 morphospecies and five new records of AMF were obtained, and the most frequent genera were Acaulospora and Glomus. The Toluca and Victoria sites had higher morphospecies richness (17 spp. c/u) than San Agustín, November 20 and San Luis Nexapa (4-7 spp. c/u); while Providencia and Platanar sites recorded an intermediate richness and the highest values of spore abundance. The dissimilarity of Victoria and Toluca in its composition of AMF, respect to the other sites, was explained by the low concentration of PO4-3 in the soil. P availability, linked to soil acidity, is the factor that could be regulating the AMF communities in the soil of the rhizosphere of coffee trees at Soconusco. We consider that could have consortia of AMF specific for soil P-levels and acidity of coffee sites, i.e. Acaulospora and Glomus consortia, which are common into the environmental conditions of coffee plantations in México. Anyway, we need to examin deeply these strains to evaluate their compatibility and functionality before proposing them as native biofertilizers that promote the development and yield of coffee plantations in this tropical region of Mexico.

scholarly journals Soil Moisture Dynamics in Response to Precipitation and Thinning in a Semi-Dry Forest in Northern Mexico

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 105
Author(s):  
Argelia E. Rascón-Ramos ◽  
Martín Martínez-Salvador ◽  
Gabriel Sosa-Pérez ◽  
Federico Villarreal-Guerrero ◽  
Alfredo Pinedo-Alvarez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Forest Management ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Dry Forest ◽  
Rainfall Events ◽  
Rainfall Characteristics ◽  
Northern Mexico ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Moisture Dynamics

Understanding soil moisture behavior in semi-dry forests is essential for evaluating the impact of forest management on water availability. The objective of the study was to analyze soil moisture based in storm observations in three micro-catchments (0.19, 0.20, and 0.27 ha) with similar tree densities, and subject to different thinning intensities in a semi-dry forest in Chihuahua, Mexico. Vegetation, soil characteristics, precipitation, and volumetric water content were measured before thinning (2018), and after 0%, 40%, and 80% thinning for each micro-catchment (2019). Soil moisture was low and relatively similar among the three micro-catchments in 2018 (mean = 8.5%), and only large rainfall events (>30 mm) increased soil moisture significantly (29–52%). After thinning, soil moisture was higher and significantly different among the micro-catchments only during small rainfall events (<10 mm), while a difference was not noted during large events. The difference before–after during small rainfall events was not significant for the control (0% thinning); whereas 40% and 80% thinning increased soil moisture significantly by 40% and 53%, respectively. Knowledge of the response of soil moisture as a result of thinning and rainfall characteristics has important implications, especially for evaluating the impact of forest management on water availability.

scholarly journals Publisher Correction: Soil moisture–atmosphere feedbacks mitigate declining water availability in drylands

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sha Zhou ◽  
A. Park Williams ◽  
Benjamin R. Lintner ◽  
Alexis M. Berg ◽  
Yao Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Water Availability

Analisis Skrining Fitokimia dan Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrakk Biji Sangrai Kopi Robusta (Coffea canephora) dari Tanaman Hasil Pemupukan Organik dan Anorganik

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Farah Aida Qotrun Nada ◽  
Tintrim Rahayu ◽  
Ari Hayati
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Coffea Canephora ◽  
Coffee Bean ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Robusta Coffee ◽  
A Value ◽  
Coffee Beans ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
The Difference

Ground coffee is coffee beans that have been roasted, ground or ground so that they have a smooth shape. The purpose of this study was to determine the content of compounds in robusta coffee roasted seed extract (Coffea canephora) from plants produced by organic and inorganic fertilization, and to know the difference in compounds between the results of organic and inorganic fertilization. The characteristics of phytochemical screening were carried out qualitatively on alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids and saponins and the antioxidant activity was carried out by the DPPH (1,1-dipenyl-2-picrihidrazil) method. Phytochemical screening characteristic test results show that robusta coffee bean extract extract from the results of organic and inorganic fertilization both contain flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, and saponins, while the antioxidant test activity of robusta coffee beans extracts shows differences based on the results of statistical tests of linear regression analysis with the IC50 value the highest antioxidant content was inorganic coffee roasted bean extract only 14.0629 ppm compared to the organic roasted extract with a value of 30.6159 ppmKeywords: Robusta Coffee (Coffea canophora), Phytochemical Screening, DPPH MethodABSTRAKKopi bubuk adalah biji kopi yang telah disangrai digiling atau ditumbuk sehingga mempunyai bentuk halus. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kandungan senyawa dalam ekstrak biji sangrai kopi robusta (Coffe canephora) dari tanaman hasil pemupukan organik dan anorganik, dan mengetahui perbedaan senyawa antara hasil pemupukan organik dan anorganik. Karakteristik skrining fitokimia dilakukan secara kualitatif yang dilakukan terhadap alkaloid, flavonoid, tanin, terpenoid dan saponin dan aktivitas antioksidan dilakukan dengan metode DPPH (1,1-difenil-2-pikrihidrazil). Hasil uji karakteristik skrining fitokimia menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak biji sangrai kopi robusta dari hasil pemupukan oganik dan anorganik keduanya sama mengandung senyawa flavonoid, alkaloid, tanin, dan saponin,  sedangkan pada aktifitas uji antioksidan ekstrak biji sangrai kopi robusta menunjukan perbedaan berdasarkan hasil uji statistik analisis regresi linear dengan nilai IC50 kadar antioksidan paling tinggi adalah ekstrak biji sangrai kopi anorganik hanya 14,0629 ppm dibandingkan dengan ekstrak sangrai dari organik dengan nilai 30,6159 ppm.Kata kunci : Kopi Robusta (Coffea canophera), Skrining Fitokimia, Metode DPPH

scholarly journals Drip irrigation in coffee crop under different planting densities: Growth and yield in southeastern Brazil

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 1116-1123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gleice A. de Assis ◽  
Myriane S. Scalco ◽  
Rubens J. Guimarães ◽  
Alberto Colombo ◽  
Anderson W. Dominghetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Density ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Soil Water Tension ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Coffee Plants ◽  
Coffee Cultivation ◽  
Water Tension

Irrigation associated to reduction on planting spaces between rows and between coffee plants has been a featured practice in coffee cultivation. The objective of the present study was to assess, over a period of five consecutive years, influence of different irrigation management regimes and planting densities on growth and bean yield of Coffea arabica L.. The treatments consisted of four irrigation regimes: climatologic water balance, irrigation when the soil water tension reached values close to 20 and 60 kPa; and a control that was not irrigated. The treatments were distributed randomly in five planting densities: 2,500, 3,333, 5,000, 10,000 and 20,000 plants ha-1. A split-plot in randomized block design was used with four replications. Irrigation promoted better growth of coffee plants and increased yield that varied in function of the plant density per area. For densities from 10,000 to 20,000 plants ha-1, regardless of the used irrigation management, mean yield increases were over 49.6% compared to the non-irrigated crop.

scholarly journals Hormesis with glyphosate depends on coffee growth stage

2013 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 813-822 ◽  
Author(s):  
LEONARDO B. DE CARVALHO ◽  
PEDRO L.C.A. ALVES ◽  
STEPHEN O. DUKE
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Coffee Plant ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Coffee Plantations ◽  
Plant Growth Stages ◽  
Coffee Plants ◽  
Almost All

Weed management systems in almost all Brazilian coffee plantations allow herbicide spray to drift on crop plants. In order to evaluate if there is any effect of the most commonly used herbicide in coffee production, glyphosate, on coffee plants, a range of glyphosate doses were applied directly on coffee plants at two distinct plant growth stages. Although growth of both young and old plants was reduced at higher glyphosate doses, low doses caused no effects on growth characteristics of young plants and stimulated growth of older plants. Therefore, hormesis with glyphosate is dependent on coffee plant growth stage at the time of herbicide application.

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