scholarly journals Study on the Exploitation Scheme of Groundwater under Well-Canal Conjunctive Irrigation in Seasonally Freezing-Thawing Agricultural Areas

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 1384
Author(s):  
Yang Yang ◽  
Yan Zhu ◽  
Wei Mao ◽  
Heng Dai ◽  
Ming Ye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Northern China ◽  
Empirical Method ◽  
Irrigation District ◽  
Groundwater Exploitation ◽  
Irrigation Area ◽  
Irrigated Area ◽  
Single Well ◽  
Local Grid ◽  
Process Prediction ◽  
Agricultural Areas

The suitable groundwater exploitation scheme in freezing-thawing agricultural areas under the well-canal conjunctive irrigation conditions is confronted with two major challenges, which are computationally expensive local grid refinements along wells, and the model suitability problem in the freezing-thawing period. In this study, an empirical method for groundwater level prediction in the freezing-thawing period was developed and integrated with the local grid refinement groundwater model MODFLOW-LGR for the groundwater process prediction. The model was then applied to estimate the suitable groundwater exploitation scheme, including the size of well-irrigated area and the irrigation area of single well. The results showed that suitable size of well-irrigated area should be smaller than 15 × 106 m2, and the recommended irrigation area of single well as 15 × 104 m2 to 19 × 104 m2. The recommended layout parameters of groundwater exploitation were further used to plan the well-canal conjunctive irrigation scheme in Yongji irrigation district located in northern China. This study provides an important pilot example of the conjunctive use of groundwater and surface water in arid irrigation areas with a seasonal freezing-thawing period.

scholarly journals REMOTE SENSING MONITORING AND ANALYSIS OF AGRICULTURAL DROUGHT IN SPRING CONSIDERING IRRIGATION AREA: A CASE STUDY OF DONGLEI IRRIGATION DISTRICT (PHASE II)

2020 ◽  
Vol V-3-2020 ◽  
pp. 483-488
Author(s):  
H. Liu ◽  
W. Song ◽  
Y. Duan ◽  
T. Sun ◽  
H. Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Drought Resistance ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Precipitation Anomaly ◽  
Agricultural Drought ◽  
Irrigation District ◽  
Drought Monitoring ◽  
Irrigation Area ◽  
Irrigated Area

Abstract. As one of the common natural disasters, drought is extremely destructive to agriculture. Drought has risen in recent years, so how to effectively monitor drought has become the focus of attention of relevant government departments. When drought occurs, irrigation measures will be taken in the irrigation district for drought resistance and disaster reduction. At this time, drought monitoring based on meteorological data and remote sensing index has certain limitations. Based on the surface temperature data of MODIS, this paper extracted the irrigation area information in the irrigated district, compared the drought monitoring results of irrigated area with those based on precipitation anomaly percentage and vegetation anomaly index, and analysed the importance of agricultural drought monitoring based on remote sensing of irrigated area. This paper considers that it is necessary to consider the distribution of the irrigated area when conducting drought monitoring in the irrigation district, it can improve the accuracy of agricultural monitoring, and it can provide the basis for government and agriculture and other related departments to manage water resources and formulate drought-resistance policies.

scholarly journals Geostatistics-based spatial variation characteristics of groundwater levels in a wastewater irrigation area, northern China

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 1479-1489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiyang Yin ◽  
Xiaomin Gu ◽  
Yong Xiao ◽  
Wenyong Wu ◽  
Xingyao Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Recharge ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Wastewater Irrigation ◽  
Geostatistical Model ◽  
Groundwater Exploitation ◽  
Irrigation Area ◽  
Groundwater Levels

Although wastewater reuse in agriculture can ease water scarcity, this practice also alters the variation of groundwater recharge and groundwater levels. This study employed a geostatistical method to systematically investigate the spatio-temporal variations and storage fluctuations of groundwater in a wastewater irrigation area in a southeastern suburb of Beijing. Specifically, we generated an optimal geostatistical model for measuring groundwater levels. Furthermore, we proposed that universal kriging is a suitable method for examining groundwater spatial variations, whereas a raster-based model can provide high accuracy for studying groundwater fluctuations; the nugget effect value of groundwater levels increases with increasing exploitation intensity. Our results indicated that groundwater levels increased overall in the early stages of wastewater irrigation development, followed by local increases in some pockets in the middle stages of development, large-scale increases in the late stages and an increasing variation of magnitude over time. The results also showed that groundwater level declined less on farmlands than that in urban areas, suggesting that wastewater irrigation facilitates groundwater conservation by reducing groundwater exploitation and enhancing groundwater recharge. Our results are conducive to developing an effective groundwater management plan and for improving the accuracy of groundwater resource assessments.

scholarly journals Study on Double-Level Allocation of Irrigation Water Rights

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinjian Guan ◽  
Qiongying Du ◽  
Wenge Zhang ◽  
Baoyong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Optimal Allocation ◽  
Water Rights ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Water Saving ◽  
Irrigation District ◽  
Allocation Model ◽  
Irrigation Area ◽  
Irrigation Districts

Abstract Establishing and perfecting the water rights system is an important way to alleviate the shortage of water resources and realize the optimal allocation of water resources. Agriculture is an important user of water in various water-consumption industries, the confirmation of water rights in irrigation districts to farmers is the inevitable requirement for implementing fine irrigation in agricultural production. In this paper, a double-level water rights allocation model of national canals – farmer households in irrigation district is established. It takes into account the current water consumption of the canal system, the future water-saving potential and the constraint of total amount control at the canal level. It takes into account the asymmetric information of farmer households’ population and irrigation area at the farmer household level. Furthermore, the Gini coefficient method is used to construct the water rights allocation model among farmer households based on the principle of fairness. Finally, Wulanbuhe Irrigation Area in the Hetao Irrigation Area of Inner Mongolia is taken as an example. The results show that the allocated water rights of the national canals in the irrigation district are less than the current because of water-saving measures and water rights of farmer household get compensation or cut respectively. The research has fully tapped the water-saving potential of irrigation districts, refined the distribution of water rights of farmers and can provide a scientific basis for the development of water rights allocation in irrigation districts and water rights transactions between farmers.

scholarly journals The Waterlogging Process Model in the Paddy Fields of Flat Irrigation Districts

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 2668
Author(s):  
Yujiang Xiong ◽  
Zhenyang Liu ◽  
Fengli Liu ◽  
Niannian Yuan ◽  
Haolong Fu
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
Relative Error ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Irrigation District ◽  
Runoff Generation ◽  
Irrigation Districts ◽  
Saint Venant Equations ◽  
Agricultural Areas

Flat, low-lying agricultural areas such as irrigation districts in southern China have been increasingly vulnerable to flood inundation disasters because of the increased runoff associated with urbanization and climate change. In this study, we developed a waterlogging process simulation model comprising two parts: runoff generation module and runoff confluence module. An improved tank model and hydrodynamic model based on Saint–Venant equations were adopted in the runoff generation and confluence module, respectively. The results show that the model’s relative error and root mean square error are 2.1% and 0.17 mm/h, and the Nash coefficient of the model is 0.91. The relative error of river level simulation was within 5%, and the Nash coefficient was higher than 0.9. The proposed waterlogging simulation model could be a valuable tool for describing the process of waterlogging generation, accumulation, and confluence in the studied irrigation district or other regions with similar climatic conditions.

scholarly journals The Response of Groundwater Level to Climate Change and Human Activities in Baotou City, China

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1078
Author(s):  
Yingjie Cui ◽  
Zilong Liao ◽  
Yongfu Wei ◽  
Xiaomin Xu ◽  
Yifan Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Reduction Rate ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Groundwater Depth ◽  
Wavelet Coherence ◽  
Confined Water ◽  
Groundwater Exploitation ◽  
Decrease Rate

The response mechanism of groundwater to climate change and human activities in cities within arid and semi-arid regions, such as the Urban Planning Area of Baotou City (UPABC), northern China, is a complicated problem to understand. We analyzed the climate change relationships, including precipitation and temperature, and analyzed changes in human activities, such as groundwater consumption, and then statistically analyzed the main factors affecting groundwater depth. Furthermore, cross-wavelet and wavelet coherence methods were used to analyze the response relationship and hysteresis of groundwater depth to precipitation to better understand the groundwater depth response law. The results showed that the annual precipitation in the UPABC reduction rate was 3.3 mm/10 yr, and the annual average temperature increase rate was 0.43 °C/10 yr, from 1981 to 2017. The unconfined water decrease rate was 0.50 m/yr, and the confined water decrease rate was 0.7 m/yr. The unconfined and confined water depths were affected by precipitation and groundwater exploitation, respectively, with correlation coefficients of 0.58 and 0.57, respectively. The hysteresis of groundwater depth to precipitation was about 9–14 months. However, changes in groundwater depth, especially confined water depth, were greatly affected by groundwater exploitation. This reflected the imbalance in consumption and recharges in the UPABC, highlighting the long-term risk in areas relying on access to this resource. Therefore, arid inland zones of northern China, such as the UPABC, should pay more attention to the rational development of groundwater and strengthen the management and protection of groundwater resources.

scholarly journals Can on-farm irrigation reservoirs enhance long-term sustainability of large irrigated systems? The case of Riegos del Alto Aragón (Spain)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Haro-Monteagudo ◽  
Leticia Palazón ◽  
Santiago Beguería
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Irrigation District ◽  
Allocation Model ◽  
Ebro River ◽  
Irrigated Area ◽  
Environmental Objectives ◽  
On Farm

<p>With a total irrigated area above 127,000 ha divided into 58 sectors, the Riegos del Alto Aragón (RAA) irrigation district is currently the largest irrigated area in Spain and in the European Union. Also, it is the largest water user within the Gallego-Cinca subsystem within the Ebro River Basin, which also supplies water to 588 livestock operations, 10 industrial polygons, and 110 populated areas. Although there are plans to increase the irrigated area by another additional 47,000 ha, the system is currently close to its resource limit and several supply restrictions took place in the last years with consequent impacts on agricultural productivity. Moreover, this expansion of the irrigated area collides with environmental objectives in the region, mostly due to water quality and nature conservancy aspects, as well as with other water uses downstream.</p><p>The forecasted effects of climate change on future water resources produced in the Pyrenees (the major source of water in the system), as well as market prices, national and international trade and agricultural policies, among other variables, are surrounded by a high level of uncertainty that difficult investment decision-making. Some of the adaptation measures initially devised for the system, e.g. construction of new large reservoirs in the Gallego and Cinca rivers, require either confronting further environmental conflicts or large energy expenses, when not both. With the end of the era of large public works, there is a need to identify new and robust strategies for climate change adaptation. One of these strategies is the construction of private on-farm reservoirs within the RAA system that started in recent years.</p><p>The present work evaluates the contribution of on-farm reservoirs to enhancing the long-term sustainability of the RAA system using a multi-model and multi-scenario approach. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was used to simulate water provisions from the Gallego-Cinca headwater system under an ensemble of downscaled climate models. Afterward, SWAT outputs were fed into a water allocation model built with AQUATOOL to simulate the management of the system's reservoirs, including on-farm reservoirs, and the water supply to the different demands. The performance of agricultural demands and compliance with environmental flow requirements in the system was evaluated for different on-farm reservoir sizes and combined with construction and operational costs to develop sustainability/investment curves. The outcomes have the potential to better inform decision-making from farmers in RAA as well as from managers in the Ebro River Basin Agency, providing further understanding of the system's dynamics under climatic change.</p>

scholarly journals Water and soil environmental vulnerability of arti-ficial oases in arid areas and its temporal and spatial differentiation and evolution

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cundong Xu ◽  
Zijin Liu ◽  
Xinglin Zhu ◽  
Junjiao Tian ◽  
Fengyou Gu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arid Zone ◽  
Evaluation Model ◽  
Irrigation District ◽  
Vegetation Coverage ◽  
Arid Zones ◽  
Arid Areas ◽  
Soil Environment ◽  
Irrigation Area ◽  
Environmental Vulnerability ◽  
Soil And Water

Abstract The water and soil environmental vulnerability in arid areas is mainly affected by vegetation, hydrology, terrain, and climate. To accurately evaluate the water and soil environmental vulnerability and its evolution in the Jingtaichuan Pumping Irrigation District in China, this paper, taking 1994, 2006, and 2018 as typical years, selects 13 index factors that directly or indirectly drive the water and soil environmental evolution in this area, and adopts the cloud theory and analytic hierarchy process to determine the weight of each index factor. Spatial analysis technique and supervised classification were used to obtain and standardize the spatial distribution raster maps of each index factor. The multi-source data fusion was performed according to the index weight to analyze the evolution characteristics of soil and water environmental vulnerability. The results showed that soil salinity, vegetation coverage, and land use type have a significant impact on the water and soil environmental vulnerability in this irrigation area, and most of the area is at mild risk. High risk mainly occurs in closed hydrological units in the eastern part of the irrigation area. From 1994 to 2018, the evolution process can be divided into two stages, namely the ‘environmental deterioration stage’ and the ‘environmental restoration stage’. The results showed that the water and soil environment of the irrigation area is developing in a healthy way. HIGHLIGHT In this paper, we use space remote sensing technology with continuous monitoring means. By establishing a set of rating system and a novel evaluation model applicable to the vulnerability of water and soil environment in artificial oases in arid zones. The evolutionary state of soil and water environmental vulnerability of a typical arid zone irrigation area25 is evaluated and analyzed.

scholarly journals OPTIMASI PENGELOLAAN AIR BENDUNG CAWAK UNTUK DAERAH IRIGASI CAWAK DENGAN PROGRAM SOLVER (Studi kasus : Kemanteren Nglumber_Kecamatan Kepohbaru_Kabupaten Bojonegoro)

EXTRAPOLASI ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-32
Author(s):  
Hudhiyantoro Hudhiyantoro ◽  
Bayu Aji Dwi Saputro
Keyword(s):  
Water Availability ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Optimization Model ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Cropping Pattern ◽  
Dam Reservoir ◽  
Water Requirements ◽  
Area Mt ◽  
Irrigation Area ◽  
Irrigated Area

AbstractBendung Cawak is located in the district of Kepohbaru, Bojonegoro. Bendung Cawak is used for irrigation and water supplies of Kepohbaru, water availability is insufficient, while the amount of land and also residents who need water, so optimization Bendung Cawak is necessary for the water pitcher bendung can be optimized according to the needs.In this study, to maximize the area of land irrigated area to be optimized. In the optimization model used is the optimization of the monthly for 1 year by calculating the area of irrigated land available, land irrigation is met, the greater availability of water and irrigation needs are met. Optimization method used in this calculation is Program Solver.The results obtained by the reliable discharge available in the Cawak dam reservoir are 2.547 m3 / second. The need for irrigation water with the cropping pattern of Palawija-Padi-Padi at the beginning of planting in August I is 0.579 l / sec / ha as a planting plan with the minimum water requirements. As well as optimization, the optimum cropping pattern and initial planting are August I with the Palawija-Padi-Padi planting intensity 291% and with irrigation area MT I 675 ha, MT II 742 ha, MT III 742 ha. AbstrakBendung Cawak terletak di Kecamatan Kepohbaru, Kabupaten Bojonegoro. Layanan Bendung Cawak dipergunakan untuk keperluan irigasi di Daerah Irigasi Cawak Kecamatan Kepohbaru, ketersediaan air yang tidak mencukupi sedangkan banyaknya lahan yang membutuhkan air , sehingga Optimasi Bendung Cawak sangat diperlukan agar air tampungan Bendung dapat dioptimalkan sesuaidengan kebutuhan.Pada studi ini, untuk memaksimalkan luas lahan irigasi dilakukan optimasi luas lahan irigasi . Dalam model optimasi yang digunakan adalah optimasi satu bulanan selama 1 tahun dengan memperhitungkan luas lahan irigasi yang tersedia, luas lahan irigasi yang terpenuhi, besarnya ketersediaan debit air maksimal, dan kebutuhan air irigasi yang dipenuhi. Metode optimasi yang digunakan dalam perhitungan ini yaitu Program Solver.Hasil yang diperoleh debit andalan yang tersedia di tampungan bendung cawak adalah 2,547 m3/detik. kebutuhan air irigasi dengan pola tanam Palawija-Padi-Padi awal tanam Agustus I itu sebesar 0,579 lt/dtk/ha sebagai rencana tanam dengan kebutuhan air paling minimum.Serta optimasi didapatkan pola tanam dan awal tanam yang paling optimum adalah Agustus I dengan pola tanam Palawija-Padi-Padi intensitas tanam 291% dan dengan luas areal irigasi MT I 675 ha, MT II 742 ha, MT III 742 ha.

scholarly journals A Heritage Agronomic Study as a Database for Monitoring the Soil Salinity of an Irrigated District in NE Spain

Agronomy ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 126
Author(s):  
Juan Herrero ◽  
Carmen Castañeda ◽  
Rosa Gómez-Báguena
Keyword(s):  
Soil Salinity ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Soil Sampling ◽  
Irrigation District ◽  
Sustainable Land Management ◽  
Irrigation Methods ◽  
Irrigated Area ◽  
Sampling Campaign ◽  
Salinity Data ◽  
Study Sites

This article presents and reviews the soil salinity data provided by a rescued vintage agronomic report on an irrigated area of 35,875 ha located in the center of the Ebro River basin, in the NE of mainland Spain. These data come from a soil sampling campaign conducted from May to the first half of July 1975 for the purpose of delineating saline and non-saline soils. The agronomic report was produced in response to demands from farmers to combat soil salinity, and represents the state of the art in those years for salinity studies. Our paper presents the scrubbed soil salinity data for this year, checking their consistency and locating the study sites. The main finding is the unearthing of this heritage report and the discussion of its soil salinity data. We show that the report supplies an assessment and a baseline for further soil salinity tracking by conducting new measurements either by direct soil sampling or by nondestructive techniques, providing an estimate of soil salinity at different locations. This task is feasible, as shown in our previously published articles involving nearby areas. A comparison of the salt amount in the soil over the years would provide a means to evaluate irrigation methods for sustainable land management. This comparison can be conducted simultaneously with analysis of other agricultural features described in the report for the irrigation district in 1975.

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