The parameters of the weight and linear growth of young Red deer of Altai-Sayan breed

2020 ◽  
pp. 37-43
Author(s):  
O. Matasheva ◽  
I. Prokhorov
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Linear Growth ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
General State ◽  
Altai Republic ◽  
Relative Gain ◽  
Breeding Work ◽  
Relative Gains

Conformation features of animals, which are the external expression of the constitution play an important role in breeding work they can be judged on the productivity of the animal and the general state of the organism. The data on live weight, measurements and body indices of young Red deer of Altai-Sayan breed in LLC “Niva” in the Altai Republic have been presented in the article. The purpose of the research was to identify the features of growth and development of young Red deer of Altai-Sayan breed. Two groups of 10 animals in each have been formed. In the 1st group were included males, in the 2nd – females from birth to 18 months of age, which have been kept under the same conditions of feeding and housing. Studies have shown the gain in live weight of young animals in the period from birth to one and a half years. At the end of the experiment males had a live weight of 168,5 kg and surpassed females by 20,4 kg. Data on the average daily, absolute and relative gains in the live weight of young Red deer have been also obtained. The absolute gain in live weight in males from birth to the end of the experiment was 152,0 kg, and in females it was 132,6 kg. The relative gain from birth to the age of 6 months was 136,50 % in males and 141,44 % in females, while from 12 to 18 months it decreased to 26,35 % in males and 30,23 % in females. Comparative analysis of measurements of the two groups has shown that males were taller and larger than female Red deer during the whole period of studies by 3–6 %.

scholarly journals GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF HEIFERS OF THE CREATED SIMМENTAL MEAT BREED

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 ◽  
pp. 49-56
Author(s):  
L. O. Dedova ◽  
M. I. Bashchenko ◽  
Yu. V. Vdovychenko
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Linear Growth ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Hip Joints ◽  
Beef Breed ◽  
Coefficient Of Variability ◽  
Related Group ◽  
Good Energy

Introduction. When creating the Simmental beef breed of cattle during many years carried out researches to study the effectiveness of the use of meat Simmentals of foreign selection in crossbreeding with cows of Simmental breed of domestic selection. Were created the herds of the desirable type by breeding "in themselves" animals, that meet the requirements of the target standard, formed a genealogical structure. Now carry out the work with related groups of cattle of the created Simmental meat breed, which are the basis for the creation of further lines, but the growth and development of animals of different related groups have not been sufficiently studied. Therefore, the study problems of growth and development of repair heifers of different related groups has not only theoretical, but also practical importance. The purpose of our researches was to study the dynamics of linear growth and weight development of heifers of different related groups of the created Simmental meat breed. Research materials and methods. The researches was carried out on heifers of different related groups of the created Simmental meat breed in PJSC "Dniprovske" of Boryspil district of Kyiv region. To analyze the growth and development of heifers were formed groups of animals depending on their belongings to related groups of 15 heads in each: I Group – Metz 5290; II – Achilles 369; III – Abricot 58311; IV – Huxla 19223; V – Hercules 8942 and VI – Signal 120. Research results. It was determined, that heifers of the II group, which belong to the related group of Achilles 369, by live weight at all ages of periods surpass to peers. Thus, at 18 months of age the advantage of heifers of the II group by live weight in comparison with to peers of the I, III, IV, V and VI groups was 4.1; 3.0; 5.0; 14.1 and 11.4 kg. In heifers of related groups Hercules 8942 and Signal 120, the coefficients of variability of live weight at birth in which were the lowest, and in the following age periods they little changed, therefore at 18 months of age in these heifers they were the highest, comparison with analogues, and was to 8.4 and 9.2%, respectively. When studying the exterior of heifers of different related groups it was determined, that newborn heifers of the I group, which belong to the related group of Metz 5290, surpass their peers in height indicators. Their the height at the withers and the height at the sacrum were 74.0 and 79.1 cm, which is 0.6; 1.3; 2.1; 3.2 and 2.6 cm and is 0.3; 1.2; 2.9; 3.6 and 3.2 cm more than in analogues of the II, III, IV, V and VI groups, respectively. The best indicators of latitudinal measurements had the heifers of the III group, which belong to the related group Abricot 58311. In heifers of this group the width of the chest was 17.6 cm, width in the hip joints – 21.8 cm, width in the hips – 18.1 cm, and width in the ischial tubercles – 12.6 cm. The depth of the chest and the girth of the chest behind the shoulder blades were the highest in heifers of the I group, which belong to the related group of Metz 5290. They were 32.2 and 79.6 cm, respectively. When analyzing the measurements of heifers at 18 months of age, it was determined, that the height indicators had advantage by heifers of the II group, which belong to the related group of Achilles 369. Their, the height at the withers and height at the sacrum were 124.5 and 129.8 cm, which is 0.3; 1.3; 2.5; 5.3 and 4.2 cm and is 0.9; 2.2; 4.1; 6.6 and 5.9 cm more than in analogues of the I, III, IV, V and VI groups, respectively. The best indicators of latitudinal measurements had the heifers of the III group, which belong to the related group of Abricot 58311, since they had increases of measurements width of the chest, width in the hip joints, width in the hips and width in the ischial tubercles for the period from birth to 18 months of age the highest comparison with peers. Such indicators as depth of the chest and the girth of the chest behind the shoulder blades were highest in heifers of the II group, which belong to the related group of Achilles 369. Their increases of measurements depth of the chest and the girth of the chest behind the shoulder blades for the period from birth to 18 months of age also were highest comparison with peers and were 35.5 and 94.2 cm, respectively. Conclusions. It was determined, that the animals of the related group of Achilles 369 at all ages of periods had a large live weight in comparison with their analogues. The lowest coefficient of variability of live weight at 18 months of age was in heifers of the related group Abrikot 58311 and amounted to 6.5%. Heifers of the related group of Achilles 369 had the highest indicators of the following measurements: height at the withers (124.5 cm), height at the sacrum (129.8 cm), depth of the chest (67.4 cm), girth of chest behind the shoulder blades (173.1 cm) and oblique length of body (146.4 cm). The highest latitudinal measurements were observed in the heifers of the related group Abrikot 58311. Thus, the width of the chest was 49.9 cm, the width in the hip joints was 42.2 cm, the width in the hips was 43.3 cm, and the width in the ischial tubercles was 29.2 cm. Heifers of the related group Metz 5290 had the highest half-girth croup (110.2 cm) and girth of metacarpus (18.4 cm). In general, heifers of all groups showed good energy of growth and a typical for beef cattle exterior.

scholarly journals Features of the growth and development of young pigs of various breeding

2021 ◽  
Vol 273 ◽  
pp. 02012
Author(s):  
Olga Tretyakova ◽  
Anna Degtyar ◽  
Alexander Avdeyev ◽  
Dmitry Ovchinnikov ◽  
Irina Morozyuk
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Large White ◽  
Daily Growth ◽  
Ultrasound Device ◽  
Large White Breed ◽  
Young Pigs ◽  
Breeding Center ◽  
White Breed

The indicators of growth and development, fattening and meat qualities of pigs of the breeding center “Lozovoe” CJSC “Plemzavod-Yubileyny” of the Tyumen region were evaluated. The indicators that characterize the growth and development of young animals were taken into account: live weight, age, average daily growth. When the live weight of 100 kg was reached, an ultrasound device was used to evaluate the thickness of bacon, the depth of muscles and the yield of lean meat, which are in the database of breeding records for 2011-2020. To characterize the meat qualities, 1144 Landrace piglets were slaughtered, 275 - large white breed, 129 - Pietren breed, 339 hybrids (LxKB), 159 hybrids (LxD), 460 hybrids obtained from boars of foreign selection. A comparative analysis of commercial hybrids of various variants of crossing pigs of domestic and foreign selection is carried out. Processing of the research results was carried out in the laboratory of Molecular diagnostics and Biotechnology of the Don State Agrarian University. The influence of the breed is established.

The growth and development of the beef qualities of Angoni cattle (East African shorthorn zebu). Part II. Linear growth and carcass characters

1964 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Linear Growth ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
East African ◽  
Basic Work

Part I described the growth of Angoni cattle as shown by changes in live weight. This Part deals with proportional growth as shown by linear growth and carcass characters.LINEAR GROWTHA virtually complete summary of the basic work on linear growth has been given by Brody (1945) and specific references will therefore be quoted only as required for discussion.

USING THE KAZAKH WHITE-HEADED BREED TO INCREASE BEEF IN THE FLAT PROVINCE OF DAGESTAN

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
М.М. САДЫКОВ ◽  
М.П. АЛИХАНОВ ◽  
А.Г. СИМОНОВ ◽  
Г.А. СИМОНОВ
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Beef Production ◽  
Daily Growth ◽  
Carcass Yield ◽  
Breeding Stock ◽  
Fattening Period ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Experimental Group

Изучены рост и развитие бычков — помесей красной степной с казахской белоголовой породой в равнинной провинции Дагестана. Установлено, что помесный молодняк, по сравнению с чистопородным скотом красной степной породы, имеет более высокую живую массу при рождении на 1,8 кг, или 7,3%. При отъеме в 8-месячном возрасте помеси имели живую массу 210 кг против 187,6 кг у красного степного молодняка, что на 22,4 кг, или 11,9% выше. В 12-, 15- и 18-месячном возрасте живая масса помесных бычков равнялась 291,8 кг, 359,7 и 436,6 кг, соответственно, или на 28 кг, 36 и 45,8 кг больше по сравнению с красным степным скотом. Среднесуточные приросты помесных бычков за период выращивания и откорма составили 760 г, что выше на 12,1% по сравнению с чистопородным красным степным молодняком. После заключительного откорма и убоя помесные бычки дали тяжеловесные туши с хорошим поливом. По массе парной туши они превосходили чистопородных аналогов на 31,3 кг, или 15,6% с преимуществом выхода туши на 2,4%. Убойный выход у бычков опытной группы составил 58,7%, контрольной — 55,8%. От помесных бычков были получены тяжеловесные шкуры массой 27,1 кг, от чистопородных — 21,6 кг, преимущество по этому показателю имели помесные животные 5,5 кг, или 25,4%. Для увеличения производства говядины в равнинной провинции Дагестана рекомендуем скрещивание коров красной степной породы с быками казахской белоголовой породы. The growth and development of bulls of red steppe crossbreeds with the Kazakh white-headed breed in the flat province of Dagestan were studied. It was found that young crossbreed animals in comparison with purebred red steppe cattle have a higher live weight at birth by 1,8 kg or 7,3%. When weaning at 8 months of age, cross-bred bulls had a live weight of 210 kg against 187,6 kg in red steppe young, which is 22,4 kg, or 11,9% higher. At 12, 15 and 18 months of age, the live weight of crossbred bulls was 291,8 kg, 359,7 and 436,6 kg, respectively, or 28 kg, 36 and 45,8 kg more than the red steppe cattle. The average daily growth of cross-bred bulls during the growing and fattening period was 760 g compared to 678 g, that is, they were 12,1% higher compared to purebred red steppe young. After the final fattening and slaughter, the cross-bred bulls gave heavy carcasses with good watering. By weight of the paired carcass, they were superior to purebred counterparts by 31,3 kg or 15,6% with an advantage of 2,4% carcass yield. The slaughter yield of bulls in the experimental group was 58,7%, 55,8% in the control group, respectively, with an advantage in favor of crossbreeds of 2,9%. Heavy skins weighing 27,1 kg were obtained from crossbreed bulls, 21,6 kg from purebred ones, and crossbreed animals of 5,5 kg or 25,4% had an advantage in this indicator. Studies have shown that in order to increase beef production in the lowland province of Dagestan, it is necessary to use crossbreeding of the breeding stock of the red steppe breed with bulls of the Kazakh white-headed breed.

LIGHT MODE AND LUMINANCE DURING MULLARDS GROWING

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.A. Mironova ◽  
◽  
M.V. Vlasov
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Light Period ◽  
Development Indicators ◽  
Temperature Conditions ◽  
Light Mode ◽  
Main Production ◽  
Period Data ◽  
Production Characteristics

The article discusses the technology of growing young mulard hybrid for subsequent fattening of fatty liver. They are given main production characteristics of growing — temperature conditions, illumination, and the duration of the light period. Data on the dynamics of live weight during cultivation from day old to 28 days, growth and development indicators of young mullards are given.

The rôles of photoperiod and nutrition in the seasonal increases in growth and insulin-like growth factor-1 secretion in male red deer

2001 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 305-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Webster ◽  
I. D. Corson ◽  
R. P. Littlejohn ◽  
S. K. Martin ◽  
J. M. Suttie
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Plasma Prolactin ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor

AbstractYoung male red deer follow a seasonal growth pattern that can be shifted by altering the photoperiod they experience. An increase in photoperiod to 16 h of light per day (16L : 8D) during winter advances the onset of rapid growth and high food intake that normally commences in spring. These changes are associated with increased growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) secretion. The GH/IGF-1 axis is acutely sensitive to the level of nutrition and the relative rôles of photoperiod and nutrition in determining the spring IGF-1 rise is unknown. The present experiment set out to examine this by exposing two groups of deer (no. = 8 per group) to a photoperiod shift during their 1st year of life (16L : 8D from 2 June), designed to cause accelerated growth and increased food intake after approximately 7 weeks. However, after 6 weeks the food intake (pellets containing 11 MJ metabolizable energy and 160 g crude protein per kg dry matter (DM)) of one group (LDRES) was clamped, thereby preventing the intake component of the response. The intake of the other group (LDAL) remained ad libitum for a further 12 weeks until 6 October, when the experiment concluded.During the first 6 weeks of 16L : 8D, growth rate (118 (s.e. 15·4) g/day) and food intake (1·37 (s.e. 0·031) kg DM per head per day) did not differ between the groups. Food intake following the clamp in LDRES averaged 1·40 (s.e. 0·015) kg per head per day. The intake of LDAL increased 2 weeks after the clamp and thereafter was higher than LDRES (P < 0·001). Food intake of LDAL averaged 2·13 (s.e. 0·051) kg during the nutritional clamp period. Growth rates increased in both groups during the first 3 weeks of the clamp, averaging 237 (s.e. 25·0) g/day, then growth slowed in LDRES and live weights diverged. Growth rates until the end of the experiment (147 (s.e.23·0) g/ day v. 299 (s.e. 12·5) g/day, P < 0·001) and mean live weight over the last 5 weeks of the experiment were lower (P < 0·05) in LDRES than LDAL, weights reaching 88·3 (s.e. 1·86) kg and 97·9 (s.e. 2·74) kg respectively on the final sampling date. Metatarsal bone length grew more in LDAL than in LDRES (3·1 v. 2·2 cm, s.e.d. = 0·23, P < 0·01). Prior to the nutritional clamp, mean plasma prolactin and IGF-1 concentrations increased at 3 and 6 weeks after 16L : 8D respectively, in both groups. Prolactin concentrations were lower in LDRES than LDAL on two occasions, at weeks 3 and 7 after the onset of the nutritional clamp, and IGF-1 concentrations were lower in LDRES than LDAL (676 v. 872 ng/ml, s.e.d. = 73·8, P < 0·05) over the last 7 weeks of sampling.In summary, a photoperiodically driven increase in IGF-1 occurred even when the usual associated increase in food intake was prevented. This indicates that the seasonal IGF-1 rise in red deer is not a consequence of the increased food intake, although the latter appears necessary to maintain elevated IGF-1 concentrations. The rise in IGF-1 may therefore be considered as a component of the photoperiodically entrained seasonal drive to grow, and the increase in food intake a response to satisfy the increased energy demand.

scholarly journals Influence guanidinoacetic acid on the growth of young animals quails meat direction of productivity

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Sychov ◽  
H. Pryumak
Keyword(s):  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Average Growth ◽  
Absolute Increase ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Guanidinoacetic Acid ◽  
Relative Gains ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Different Levels

The effect of using different levels guanidinoacetic acid in compound feeds on the growth of young quails meat direction of productivity. It is proved that adding to the basic diet of different levels guanidinoacetic acid (0.06, 0.12, 0.18 %) increases live weight of quails on 3.9 – 13.5 g and improves the absolute, average daily and relative gains compared to a bird in the control group, which were fed the main diet. The data show that at the age of 42 days of live weight was the highest in the diet of quail which was administered 0.12% GAA and dominant control of 13.5 g However, in 21 days live weight of quail fed 0.06 and 0.12 % guanidinoacetic acid was greater than control respectively 9.2 and 7.6 grams (P < 0.01). In absolute increments quail, fed GAA prevailed bird control group. The largest absolute increase was in birds that consumed the main diet of GAA level of 0.12% and prevailed controls 6.5 g (P < 0.001). A similar situation was of average daily gain. Young animals that received feed containing 0.12% guanidinoacetic acid had the highest average growth, which exceeded 0.9 g (15.5%) bird control group. As for the relative performance increases here were different. The lowest relative growth observed in birds which were administered GAA 0.06%, it lagged behind the controls 0.1 g in the same period quail treated with 0.12 and 0, 18% guanidinoacetic acid superior control respectively 2 and 1.1 g.

scholarly journals The correlation between dimensional characteristics, live weight and fluff and feather level of obroshynska gray and obroshynska white natural groups geese

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (74) ◽  
Author(s):  
V. S. Zaplatynsky
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Linear Growth ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Natural Group ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Body Sizes ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Natural Groups

This article presents data on dynamics of linear growth and weight rates of obroshynska gray and obroshynska gray natural groups geese, factional fluff content, correlation coefficients between body weight and body sizes and amount of feathers. It has been found that male and female individuals of obroshynska gray natural group geese dominated by live weight of obroshynska white natural group geese. Particularly, this advantage in 90 days aged males was 549.4 (P < 0.05), in 120 days aged males – 635.6 (P < 0.01) and in 180 days aged males – 422.6 (P < 0.05) g, in females – 177.0, 461.8 (P < 0.01) and 401.8 g respectively. It has been also revealed the obroshynska gray natural group geese domination by researched body sizes in all geese ages, but it was only reliable in some cases. Geese of both sexes in both natural groups were characterized by high fluff and feather level. We investigated age, sex and interbreed differentiation on fluff and feather levels in studied geese groups. It should be noted that fluff and feather level was better in white geese indicating a better fluff and feather quality. The correlation coefficients between body weight and overall fluff and feather levels in females of obroshynska gray natural group geese dependent on ages and fluff and feather levels were between -0.30 – +0.63, in males – between -0.51 – +0.68 and in obroshynska white natural groups geese coefficients were between -0.29 – +0.70 and -0.30 до +0.82 respectively. It has been found the correlations between geese body sizes and fluff and feather levels. In males and females geese from abroshynska gray natural group depenent on ages, body sizes and fluff and feather levels coefficients were -0.49 – +0.81 and -0.76 – +0.88, and for obroshynska white natural group geese – -0.49 – +0.90 and -0.65 – +0.65.

scholarly journals Adolescent Undernutrition: Global Burden, Physiology, and Nutritional Risks

2018 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 316-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parul Christian ◽  
Emily R. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Linear Growth ◽  
Growth Failure ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Early Marriage ◽  
Height Velocity ◽  
Nutritional Deficiencies ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Micronutrient Deficiencies ◽  
Peak Height Velocity

Background: Adolescents, comprised of 10–19 year olds, form the largest generation of young people in our history. There are an estimated 1.8 billion adolescents in the world, with 90% residing in low- and middle-income countries. The burden of disease among adolescents has its origins in infectious and injury-related causes, but nutritional deficiencies, suboptimal linear growth, and undernutrition are major public health problems, even as overweight may be on the rise in many contexts. Summary and Key Messages: Girls are most vulnerable to the influences of cultural and gender norms, which often discriminate against them. Dietary patterns and physical activity, in addition to schooling and countervailing social norms for early marriage, influence health and nutritional well-being of adolescents. Nutrient requirements – ­including those for energy, protein, iron, calcium, and ­others – increase in adolescence to support adequate growth and development. In settings where dietary intakes are suboptimal, anemia and micronutrient deficiencies are high. Endocrine factors are essential for promoting normal adolescent growth and are sensitive to undernutrition. Growth velocity increases during puberty when peak height velocity occurs and catch-up is possible; in girls, about 15–25% of adult height is attained. A premature pregnancy can halt linear growth and increase the risk of adverse birth outcomes. Research is needed to fill the huge data gaps related to nutrition and growth during adolescence, in addition to testing interventions during this second window of opportunity to enhance growth and development, improve human capital, and to end the intergenerational cycle of growth failure.

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