Major factors, influencing on the engineering service of the russian agro-industrial complex

2020 ◽  
pp. 3-16
Author(s):  
V. I. Ignatov ◽  
V. S. Gerasimov ◽  
D. V. Andreeva
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Agricultural Science ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Agricultural Machinery ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
Agricultural Work ◽  
Agricultural Engineering ◽  
The Social ◽  
Wide Range

To date, scientists have formulated the structure of the agro-industrial complex (APC) of Russia, which is adhered to by most researchers. This structure is interpreted as a model of four spheres. The fi rst is a collection of industries specializing in agricultural production. This also includes construction in the agricultural sector and its logistics. The second area is agricultural production itself, and the third is the industries associated with the storage, sale, processing, etc. The Russian APC also includes activities that have not entered any of the spheres. This is, for example, special agricultural science, management, training, etc. Determining the trend of the development of the engineering and technical system of the Russian APC, both in the pre-perestroika period, and at present, considering the domestic and foreign experience. Agricultural machinery is the locomotive of the agricultural sector, the improvement of which determines the structure of agricultural producers. Its constant development and application for agricultural work ultimately determines not only the technology of agricultural work, but also the social way of the rural population. It was the improvement of agricultural machinery that served to stratify the social situation of the peasantry, which was originally the owners of small plots of land. In recent years, the main direction of the development of technology is to increase its capacity and productivity, in the calculation of processing large areas, which does not always coincide with the needs of farmers. Despite the progress, a large part of agricultural producers works in very limited areas, which often aff ects the priority demand for the equipment of the previous generation. As a result of the research, the following basic principles of the key areas of the Agricultural Sector can be formulated: agriculture is an economic sector aimed at providing food (food, raw materials) and is a donor for other sectors of the economy, a source of replenishment of national income for solving the urgent problems of the country. At present, the eff ectiveness of Russia’s APC is signifi cantly lower than in the leading countries and it is important not only to analyze the existing problems, but also to consider options for changing the current situation; the main engine of agricultural development is agricultural machinery, which forms the potential of agricultural production. This capacity depends on the level of technical support for the industry with machines and equipment for agricultural work of a wide range. Consideration and analysis of the possibility of raising this level considering the national specifi cs of Russia and international experience of industrial development, including agricultural engineering, is also a very important task (Conclusions) according to the authors, TST is an integral and important element of agricultural engineering, and, therefore, the core element of the Agricultural Sector. Analysis of this element, considering past experience, as well as new domestic and foreign developments, will justify the direction of modernization of the TST taking into account the national mentality.

scholarly journals The main trends of digital economy in agricultural sector of Kazakhstan

2021 ◽  
pp. 46-54
Author(s):  
Sh. M. Kantarbayeva ◽  
◽  
S. Sultanbaіuly ◽  
S. T. Zhumasheva ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Critical Mass ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Network Technologies

The goal is to study the issues and prospects of digitalization in agricultural sector, aimed at ensuring sustainable development of the republic's economy, increasing labor productivity, management efficiency, intensive production in agro-industrial complex. Objectives – to study the aspects of this issue related to the implementation of the State policy of creating information and digital platforms to increase the competitiveness and export potential of agricultural production in the regions. The results of the study showed that despite the increase in agricultural production in 2018-2020, the dynamic processes of development of the industry are not significantly associated with the introduction of digital solutions, since the critical mass of the use of electronic, network technologies has not yet been formed. Examples of digital services used in Kazakhstan are presented. Recommendations on informing agricultural producers about the inclusion of this set of issues during the national census of population, necessary for the formation of an appropriate database in agricultural sector have been presented. Some aspects of participation of stakeholders in the formation of digital platforms and the concept of creating an information and communication ecosystem of agro-industrial complex of the republic are considered. Proposals on participation of local executive bodies in the implementation of digital technologies for management of the industry have been developed. Measures for the development of digital competencies of agricultural specialists are proposed. Conclusions – informatization of agricultural sector contributes to a significant reduction in production costs, ensures the rational use of the potential of natural resources.

scholarly journals Capacity Management of Vertically Integrated Development of Intersectoral Co-Operation

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 6135-6139
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Integration ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
Structural Imbalance ◽  
Exchange Management ◽  
Integrated Structures ◽  
Functional Content ◽  
Food Complex

In the conditions of a prolonged financial and economic crisis, limited volumes and forms of state support for agricultural production, maintaining structural imbalance and inequality of intersectoral exchange, the development of vertical integration processes is a priority in improving the competitiveness of the Russian agro-industrial complex. Vertically integrated corporations (VIC) have the potential to ensure the proportional development of the areas of territorial agribusiness, innovative modernization of production assets of agricultural producers, agro-processing structures. The article reveals the transformational potential of vertically integrated corporations (VIC) in improving intersectoral interaction in the agri-food complex (AIC) of Russia. Specific features of the development of integration processes in the agricultural sector of modern Russia are disclosed. The corporate mechanisms for the creation and functioning of vertically integrated structures in the territorial agricultural sector are systematized. The functional content and potential of the VIC in the structural modernization of the agro-industrial complex of Russia, in the development of the inter-branch exchange management system in the agro-industrial complex are disclosed.

Standards for Agricultural Machinery Requirements: Analysis and Application Practice

2020 ◽  
pp. 62-66
Author(s):  
G.A. Iovlev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Agricultural Machinery ◽  
Agricultural Work ◽  
Methods And Techniques ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Combine Harvesters ◽  
Technical Terms

The article presents the results of an analysis of the standards for agricultural machinery requirements for various periods of their operation in the country’s agro-industrial complex. The studies were conducted using economic and statistical methods and techniques. In the reference materials, basically, agrotechnical terms (time periods) for the performance of basic agricultural work are presented, which correspond to the reference standards for agricultural machinery requirements. It has been established that the availability of agricultural machinery per 1000 hectares of arable land (crops) currently makes up no more than 30% of the normative, and this, first of all, affects the increase in the duration of work, that is, on the agro-technical terms, as well as on the shift of calendar terms of production. Recommendations are given on carrying out agricultural work in an acceptable agrotechnical timeframe with the following provision of agricultural production per 1000 ha: tractors – 5.42 standard units, combine harvesters – 2.67 standard units, forage harvesters – 2.22 standard units.

Agricultural science in the Soviet Union in 1945-1965

2020 ◽  
pp. 156-170
Author(s):  
Yuliya S. Tsench
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Agricultural Science ◽  
Research Purpose ◽  
Engineering Science ◽  
Agricultural Machinery ◽  
Forage Crops ◽  
Design Work ◽  
Agricultural Engineering

The law on the five-year plan for the restoration and development of the national economy of the USSR for 1946-50 provided for a significant increase in the volume of agricultural machinery. It was necessary to introduce into agricultural production new high-performance tractors, self-propelled combines, mounted machines with hydraulic control, specialized machines for technical, tilled, forage crops. (Research purpose) The research purpose is in analyzing the achievements of agricultural engineering science in the USSR in 1945-1965. (Materials and methods) Author studied the history of agricultural engineering science development in the USSR in the post-war period on the basis of archival materials and scientific literature. The sources have shown that the creation of new agricultural machinery required the development of research methods, new more effective technologies for design work and the consolidation of efforts of agricultural engineering science, testers and manufacturers of equipment. (Results and discussion) The article presents an analysis of the development of scientific research and technical developments aimed at improving agricultural technologies and agricultural machinery, and intensifying agricultural production. Author have found regional specialized research institutes, specialized design bureaus, and zonal machine-testing stations were established during the period under review. The article notes that the Department of Mechanization of the All-Union Academy of Agricultural Sciences has been significantly strengthened. A crucial role in the development of agricultural engineering science played the leading research institutions in the country, the All-Union Scientific and Research Institute of Mechanization of Agriculture, All-Union Institute of Electrification of Agriculture, All-Union Scientific and Research Technological Institute of Repair and Operation of Machine and Tractor Park, Research Tractor Institute and the National Institute of Agricultural Engineering and Agricultural Universities - Moscow, Azov-black sea, Chelyabinsk, Kharkiv institutes of agricultural mechanization, Rostov and Kirovograd institutes of agricultural engineering. (Conclusions) Thanks to the efforts of academic and university scientists, designers and testers, the latest agricultural machines and equipment were created, the introduction of which made it possible to fully meet the country's needs for food and agricultural raw materials.

scholarly journals On the problems and ways of solving the problem of renewing the agricultural machinery park in the agricultural sector

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 00045
Author(s):  
Igor Pigorev ◽  
Danil Zyukin
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Financial Burden ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Primary Role ◽  
Agricultural Machinery ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
Combine Harvesters ◽  
Short Time

The problem of updating the fleet of agricultural machinery and introducing technologies into agricultural production is acute. In the current foreign policy and economic conditions, the issue of ensuring food security has become extremely important, in connection with which there is an urgent need to increase the efficiency of agricultural production in a short time. In such a situation, the most effective way is to intensify production, and in this process, machinery and equipment play a primary role. The study found that in the Russian Federation in the period 2015-2020. There was a reduction in the fleet of agricultural machinery, which caused an increase in the load on the existing fleet of tractors and combine harvesters. The rates of renewal of agricultural machinery concerning tractors and combine harvesters have decreased, which, together with other conditions, negatively characterizes the situation with the renewal of the fleet of machinery in agricultural production. In the context of ensuring the implementation of the policy of import substitution and ensuring food security, the state should provide greater support to agricultural producers when updating the fleet of equipment, since in the context of the weakening of the ruble, the deterioration of the national economic system, the falling purchasing power of the population and other factors, agricultural producers will not be able to independently master additional the financial burden, and the renewal of the material and technical base, especially when it comes to the supply of imported equipment, is an expensive issue.

scholarly journals ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF ECOLOGICAL AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 70-78
Author(s):  
L.K. KAIDAROVA ◽  
◽  
SH. ZH. RAKHMETULLINA ◽  
U. KERIMOVA ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Economic Incentives ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Land Resources ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Rational Production ◽  
Production Capacities

The theoretical and practical directions of development of ecological agriculture in the country are justified, based on the idea of closed cycle, which corresponds to ecological and economic principles. The works of domestic and foreign scientists on this issue were studied. The main economic indicators of agricultural production on the example of Pavlodar region were analyzed: dynamics of gross output of agricultural sector; the number of operating agricultural enterprises and peasant (private) farms; distribution of the land fund by land categories. Information on violation of environmental legislation in the field of land resources protection and on the volume of waste in the industry is provided. The problems that hinder the implementation of the main provisions of greening of production activities in agro-industrial complex are identified. Summarizing the arguments of domestic and foreign scientists, the need to develop and implement the mechanism of functioning of agricultural entities is shown, which is based on the use of secondary resources, implementation of which in the future will allow, using comprehensive analysis of the used technologies, to modernize the production capacities of processing enterprises, implementing the principle of minimizing waste, ensuring expansion of the market for environmenttally friendly products. Models of rational production are shown: outsourcing and in sourcing. Measures of public support for the use of environmental innovations, environmental insurance, public-private partnership instruments, strengthening control over compliance with the principles of rational environmental management, economic incentives for agricultural producers are proposed.

scholarly journals FOREIGN EXPERIENCE OF CONSULTING SERVICE FOR AGRICULTURAL PRODUCERS

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 198-204
Author(s):  
G.Z. Sitdikovа ◽  
◽  
B.Y. Bordman ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
Russian Scientist ◽  
Foreign Experience ◽  
Consulting Services ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Modern Development ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
Wide Range

The history of the formation of the consulting service for agricultural producers in Russia dates back to 1797, and the theoretical justification of its essence and necessity belongs to the russian scientist A.V. Chayanov. In the modern development of agricultural production, the essence of the consulting service remains unchanged, and is supplemented by a wide range of issues, taking into account the conditions of agrarian reform, measures of state support for agricultural producers, natural and climatic features of the region, studying and implementing foreign experience in consulting. At this stage of development of the agricultural sector of the economy, the purpose of functioning of information and consulting services is aimed at increasing the competitiveness of agricultural producers while assisting them in making economically sound management decisions in the implementation of production tasks. The experience of the advisory service to agricultural producers of the state of Israel is recommended for use in the production in the modern agricultural production development in Russia and Republic of Bashkortostan.

Relationship and features of functioning of agricultural production and agricultural engineering at the regional level in the conditions of the covid-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
pp. 90-95
Author(s):  
А.В. Федотов ◽  
А.Ю. Пилюгин
Keyword(s):  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Agricultural Machinery ◽  
Agricultural Engineering ◽  
Agricultural Equipment ◽  
External Conditions

В статье рассматриваются проблемы развития рынка сельскохозяйственной продукции и сельскохозяйственной техники в условиях экономического кризиса вызванного пандемии covid-19. Рынок характеризуется, как со стороны спроса, так и предложения. Глобальное закрытие границ и приостановка бизнеса по многим направлениям, вносит значительные изменения в устоявшиеся движения товарных ресурсов. Производится необходимый анализ мер влияния данных проблем на отрасль сельского хозяйства, проводится оценка перспектив и возможностей выхода из затруднительных внешних условий. Рассматриваются меры поддержки Российских производителей сельскохозяйственной техники. The article examines the development of the market for agricultural products and agricultural machinery in the economic crisis caused by the covid-19 pandemic. The market is characterized by both supply and demand. Global border closures and business suspensions in many areas are making significant changes to established movements of commodity resources. The necessary analysis of the measures of impact of these problems on the agricultural sector is carried out, the prospects and opportunities for getting out of difficult external conditions are being evaluated. Measures to support Russian agricultural equipment manufacturers are being considered.

scholarly journals Technical equipment of agriculture in Kazakhstan as a factor of increasing its competitiveness

2021 ◽  
pp. 13-21
Author(s):  
A. B. Moldashev ◽  
◽  
M. K. Kamysbayev ◽  
◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Technical Equipment ◽  
Agricultural Machinery ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
Agricultural Industry ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Wear And Tear ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Effective Development

The material basis for the development of technological innovations, increasing the competitiveness of domestic food is technical potential. The purpose of the study is to study the current state of provision of agro-industrial complex of Kazakhstan with agricultural machinery, to identify the main problems and prospects of agricultural engineering. Based on the use of economic and statistical method, the analysis of the availability of the main types of agricultural machinery in the republic for 2013-2020 was done. Consideration of statistical data indicates that technical equipment of agricultural production is one of the determining factors for its effective development. Results – the experience of the CIS and foreign countries in the formation of technical base of agricultural producers is presented and the role of agricultural sector in sustainable development of the country's economy is justified. The dynamics of the output of the main types of agricultural machines is shown, taking into account the State Program on Development of the AIC of the RK for 2017-2021. The key problematic issues of material and technical support of agricultural industry are reflected: wear and tear of equipment, excess of standard service period, weak technical means, high cost of agricultural equipment. The data on domestic enterprises producing various agricultural machinery are presented. Conclusions based on the analysis, the authors note that due to insufficient volumes of domestic production of agricultural machinery, their main quantity and types are supplied from Russia, Belarus, Ukraine and foreign countries. Information about suppliers of agricultural machinery is presented, indicating the name and brand of machinery. As a result of the conducted research, the necessity of development of agricultural machinery for updating technical means of agro-industrial complex has been justified. For these purposes, a set of measures aimed to improve technical equipment of agro-industrial production of the Republic of Kazakhstan has been developed.

Technical Equipment of Agricultural Production

2020 ◽  
pp. 105-128
Author(s):  
Mikail Khudzhatov ◽  
Alexander Arskiy
Keyword(s):  
World Market ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Technical Equipment ◽  
Agricultural Machinery ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
Agricultural Engineering ◽  
Sufficient Food Supply ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Sufficient Food

The guarantee of a sufficient food supply is one of the challenges in both international and national economic security. Development of world agriculture is impossible without using advanced technologies. Their application in agriculture depends on the security of agricultural producers with highly effective agricultural machinery for which agricultural engineering serves. Agricultural engineering is an important element of the agro-industrial complex of any state providing it with necessary machinery and equipment. One of the important directions of the establishment of food security is the development of agricultural engineering. In this regard, the chapter analyses the current state of the world market of agricultural machinery; develops the methodology of assessment of the competitiveness of agricultural machinery in the domestic market; and elaborates the definition of effective methods of management of logistics costs at the operation of agricultural machinery.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document